114 地方特考離島四等 一般行政類科 基礎能力測驗（作文、英文閱讀與法學知識） 考古題詳解

題目：在恐懼中選擇前行的勇氣

勇氣不是恐懼的消失，而是在恐懼中仍選擇行動。亞里斯多德認為，勇氣是介於懦弱與魯莽之間的美德，心理學家則指出，勇氣是面對生活課題的核心力量，幫助我們跨越恐懼並實踐自我。

恐懼是人類的保護機制，但過度恐懼會阻礙行動。真正的勇氣在於承認恐懼，並在壓力下做出選擇。勇氣常與責任交織，消防隊員在火場中救人，並非因為無懼，而是責任感超越恐懼。

然而，勇氣與魯莽僅一線之隔。魯莽衝動常忽略風險，勇氣則是在認知風險後繼續前行。身處現代社會，勇氣更顯珍貴。面對職場挑戰或網路輿論壓力，表達真實想法或拒絕不合理要求，都需要勇氣。

你曾在什麼情境下，雖感到害怕卻仍選擇行動？在面對壓力或風險時，要如何避免誤將「魯莽」視為「勇氣」？生活中，我們該如何培養勇氣以面對挑戰並實踐自我？請以「在恐懼中選擇前行的勇氣」為題，寫作一篇文章，結合生活經驗，說明你對「勇氣」的理解與行動。

If you join the gang and commit crimes, you will ____ in jail.

The confrontation between the two countries has become even more serious. In fact, it is ____ that a war will occur between them.

Tourists may enjoy a wine tasting and ____ lunch at award-winning vineyards in New Zealand where the food is fresh and delicious.

The residents in the area strongly ____ the construction of a new landfill.

Taipei 101 is a well-known ____ in Taiwan. It used to be the tallest building in the world.

In the meeting, the lawyer was ____ on signing a formal written agreement with his former employer.

Obesity, which is caused by a poor diet and lack of exercise, reduces your life ____ between 3 and 10 years.

Many employees in our institute work too many hours in a week; they work ____ hours because they think it is their duty.

The politician’s speech ____ with voters’ expectations due to its emphasis on the rights of indigenous communities, which echoed the public’s major request.

John quit his ____ job at a software company, although he was unsure of what he would do next.

【題組共用題幹】

To be a good talker, you need to be a good listener. Careful listening makes you a better talker when it is your ____. You will be able to come up with good follow-up questions. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers. The best conversationalists are those who are curious about everything. They are good at listening, have broad horizons, and always end up learning something new. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. If you cannot listen well to people, you have no reason to expect them to listen any better to you.

11. When it is your ____, you will be able to come up with good follow-up questions.

【題組共用題幹】

To be a good talker, you need to be a good listener. Careful listening makes you a better talker when it is your ____. You will be able to come up with good follow-up questions. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers. The best conversationalists are those who are curious about everything. They are good at listening, have broad horizons, and always end up learning something new. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. If you cannot listen well to people, you have no reason to expect them to listen any better to you.

12. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words.

【題組共用題幹】

To be a good talker, you need to be a good listener. Careful listening makes you a better talker when it is your ____. You will be able to come up with good follow-up questions. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers. The best conversationalists are those who are curious about everything. They are good at listening, have broad horizons, and always end up learning something new. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. If you cannot listen well to people, you have no reason to expect them to listen any better to you.

13. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers.

【題組共用題幹】

To be a good talker, you need to be a good listener. Careful listening makes you a better talker when it is your ____. You will be able to come up with good follow-up questions. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers. The best conversationalists are those who are curious about everything. They are good at listening, have broad horizons, and always end up learning something new. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. If you cannot listen well to people, you have no reason to expect them to listen any better to you.

14. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems.

【題組共用題幹】

To be a good talker, you need to be a good listener. Careful listening makes you a better talker when it is your ____. You will be able to come up with good follow-up questions. This will show to people whom you are conversing with ____ you take an interest in their words. People get perplexed or even annoyed when you ask them questions but do not ____ to listen to their answers. The best conversationalists are those who are curious about everything. They are good at listening, have broad horizons, and always end up learning something new. It is only natural that people you talk to show far more interest in themselves and their problems than they ____ in you and your problems. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying. If you cannot listen well to people, you have no reason to expect them to listen any better to you.

15. You can learn to show ____ for them, relating to what they are feeling as well as what they are saying.

【題組共用題幹】

Dear Gingerbread,

Thank you for staying with us at Hotel Giovanni on your recent trip and for posting your feedback. We were very disappointed with the content of your review. However, after investigating the details of your stay with all team members, I was even more disappointed to learn that the content of the review was not an accurate reflection of what actually happened.

You say that the hotel is dishonest and that one of our staff members, Nora, is a liar because she charged you €240 per night. Nora did make a mistake with the rate, and this was spotted the following morning by one of our more senior receptionists and was corrected before you checked out, so you never paid €240 as you were told at check-in. Also, the duty manager met you the following morning, apologized for the mistake and gave you a further reduction on your rate.

We are 100% certain that Nora made a mistake, as sometimes people do, and we feel it is very unfair and irresponsible of you to call her a liar on a public forum. I’m sensing a lot of anger in the review and I know that you probably didn’t mean to let loose all that anger on us. Sometimes people just need to vent. Sometimes at night when I come home from a long day’s work at the hotel, I go out into the field at the back of my house and scream into the darkness. I let it all out, like a wolf on a moonlit mountain. I feel better after that and nobody gets hurt. I’m not saying howling into the night like a wolf will work for you, but there are other ways of dealing with rage.

With regard to the Wi-Fi, yes, the Wi-Fi in the west of this country is the worst in Europe. There is nothing we can do about this for the moment, although I think we are getting high-speed broadband in the area pretty soon. In the meantime, to anybody else reading this review, do not come to Hotel Giovanni and this town if Wi-Fi is more important to you than human interaction.

You also mentioned you were annoyed by “a bunch of grumpy old men” working in the hotel bar. There are three men over the age of fifty working in the hotel. Only one of them was working on the night you stayed, so we didn’t know how to deal with the “bunch of grumpy old men” in your review, until my assistant manager came up with the only possible solution. We’ve decided to execute all three of these men to ensure that no other guests will have to endure the horrible torture you went through that evening. Paul, Martin and Luca will be blindfolded and shot in the backyard on February 30th. There will be music, cocktail, and sausages to celebrate the execution and we want to show you that we take your feedback seriously. Will you be happy then?

Abuse and false accusations do not tackle any problem. But honesty, sincerity, and integrity do. Even though you hurt us deeply, we’d still like to be friends. We hope you will return to Hotel Giovanni someday and give us an opportunity to change your opinion of us.

Antonio Romano

General Manager

16. Which of the following is NOT a purpose of writing this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Dear Gingerbread,

Thank you for staying with us at Hotel Giovanni on your recent trip and for posting your feedback. We were very disappointed with the content of your review. However, after investigating the details of your stay with all team members, I was even more disappointed to learn that the content of the review was not an accurate reflection of what actually happened.

You say that the hotel is dishonest and that one of our staff members, Nora, is a liar because she charged you €240 per night. Nora did make a mistake with the rate, and this was spotted the following morning by one of our more senior receptionists and was corrected before you checked out, so you never paid €240 as you were told at check-in. Also, the duty manager met you the following morning, apologized for the mistake and gave you a further reduction on your rate.

We are 100% certain that Nora made a mistake, as sometimes people do, and we feel it is very unfair and irresponsible of you to call her a liar on a public forum. I’m sensing a lot of anger in the review and I know that you probably didn’t mean to let loose all that anger on us. Sometimes people just need to vent. Sometimes at night when I come home from a long day’s work at the hotel, I go out into the field at the back of my house and scream into the darkness. I let it all out, like a wolf on a moonlit mountain. I feel better after that and nobody gets hurt. I’m not saying howling into the night like a wolf will work for you, but there are other ways of dealing with rage.

With regard to the Wi-Fi, yes, the Wi-Fi in the west of this country is the worst in Europe. There is nothing we can do about this for the moment, although I think we are getting high-speed broadband in the area pretty soon. In the meantime, to anybody else reading this review, do not come to Hotel Giovanni and this town if Wi-Fi is more important to you than human interaction.

You also mentioned you were annoyed by “a bunch of grumpy old men” working in the hotel bar. There are three men over the age of fifty working in the hotel. Only one of them was working on the night you stayed, so we didn’t know how to deal with the “bunch of grumpy old men” in your review, until my assistant manager came up with the only possible solution. We’ve decided to execute all three of these men to ensure that no other guests will have to endure the horrible torture you went through that evening. Paul, Martin and Luca will be blindfolded and shot in the backyard on February 30th. There will be music, cocktail, and sausages to celebrate the execution and we want to show you that we take your feedback seriously. Will you be happy then?

Abuse and false accusations do not tackle any problem. But honesty, sincerity, and integrity do. Even though you hurt us deeply, we’d still like to be friends. We hope you will return to Hotel Giovanni someday and give us an opportunity to change your opinion of us.

Antonio Romano

General Manager

17. What is the general manager’s attitude toward the “bunch of grumpy old men”?

【題組共用題幹】

Dear Gingerbread,

Thank you for staying with us at Hotel Giovanni on your recent trip and for posting your feedback. We were very disappointed with the content of your review. However, after investigating the details of your stay with all team members, I was even more disappointed to learn that the content of the review was not an accurate reflection of what actually happened.

You say that the hotel is dishonest and that one of our staff members, Nora, is a liar because she charged you €240 per night. Nora did make a mistake with the rate, and this was spotted the following morning by one of our more senior receptionists and was corrected before you checked out, so you never paid €240 as you were told at check-in. Also, the duty manager met you the following morning, apologized for the mistake and gave you a further reduction on your rate.

We are 100% certain that Nora made a mistake, as sometimes people do, and we feel it is very unfair and irresponsible of you to call her a liar on a public forum. I’m sensing a lot of anger in the review and I know that you probably didn’t mean to let loose all that anger on us. Sometimes people just need to vent. Sometimes at night when I come home from a long day’s work at the hotel, I go out into the field at the back of my house and scream into the darkness. I let it all out, like a wolf on a moonlit mountain. I feel better after that and nobody gets hurt. I’m not saying howling into the night like a wolf will work for you, but there are other ways of dealing with rage.

With regard to the Wi-Fi, yes, the Wi-Fi in the west of this country is the worst in Europe. There is nothing we can do about this for the moment, although I think we are getting high-speed broadband in the area pretty soon. In the meantime, to anybody else reading this review, do not come to Hotel Giovanni and this town if Wi-Fi is more important to you than human interaction.

You also mentioned you were annoyed by “a bunch of grumpy old men” working in the hotel bar. There are three men over the age of fifty working in the hotel. Only one of them was working on the night you stayed, so we didn’t know how to deal with the “bunch of grumpy old men” in your review, until my assistant manager came up with the only possible solution. We’ve decided to execute all three of these men to ensure that no other guests will have to endure the horrible torture you went through that evening. Paul, Martin and Luca will be blindfolded and shot in the backyard on February 30th. There will be music, cocktail, and sausages to celebrate the execution and we want to show you that we take your feedback seriously. Will you be happy then?

Abuse and false accusations do not tackle any problem. But honesty, sincerity, and integrity do. Even though you hurt us deeply, we’d still like to be friends. We hope you will return to Hotel Giovanni someday and give us an opportunity to change your opinion of us.

Antonio Romano

General Manager

18. What does “execute” mean in the passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Dear Gingerbread,

Thank you for staying with us at Hotel Giovanni on your recent trip and for posting your feedback. We were very disappointed with the content of your review. However, after investigating the details of your stay with all team members, I was even more disappointed to learn that the content of the review was not an accurate reflection of what actually happened.

You say that the hotel is dishonest and that one of our staff members, Nora, is a liar because she charged you €240 per night. Nora did make a mistake with the rate, and this was spotted the following morning by one of our more senior receptionists and was corrected before you checked out, so you never paid €240 as you were told at check-in. Also, the duty manager met you the following morning, apologized for the mistake and gave you a further reduction on your rate.

We are 100% certain that Nora made a mistake, as sometimes people do, and we feel it is very unfair and irresponsible of you to call her a liar on a public forum. I’m sensing a lot of anger in the review and I know that you probably didn’t mean to let loose all that anger on us. Sometimes people just need to vent. Sometimes at night when I come home from a long day’s work at the hotel, I go out into the field at the back of my house and scream into the darkness. I let it all out, like a wolf on a moonlit mountain. I feel better after that and nobody gets hurt. I’m not saying howling into the night like a wolf will work for you, but there are other ways of dealing with rage.

With regard to the Wi-Fi, yes, the Wi-Fi in the west of this country is the worst in Europe. There is nothing we can do about this for the moment, although I think we are getting high-speed broadband in the area pretty soon. In the meantime, to anybody else reading this review, do not come to Hotel Giovanni and this town if Wi-Fi is more important to you than human interaction.

You also mentioned you were annoyed by “a bunch of grumpy old men” working in the hotel bar. There are three men over the age of fifty working in the hotel. Only one of them was working on the night you stayed, so we didn’t know how to deal with the “bunch of grumpy old men” in your review, until my assistant manager came up with the only possible solution. We’ve decided to execute all three of these men to ensure that no other guests will have to endure the horrible torture you went through that evening. Paul, Martin and Luca will be blindfolded and shot in the backyard on February 30th. There will be music, cocktail, and sausages to celebrate the execution and we want to show you that we take your feedback seriously. Will you be happy then?

Abuse and false accusations do not tackle any problem. But honesty, sincerity, and integrity do. Even though you hurt us deeply, we’d still like to be friends. We hope you will return to Hotel Giovanni someday and give us an opportunity to change your opinion of us.

Antonio Romano

General Manager

19. What is the author’s tone in the last paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

Dear Gingerbread,

Thank you for staying with us at Hotel Giovanni on your recent trip and for posting your feedback. We were very disappointed with the content of your review. However, after investigating the details of your stay with all team members, I was even more disappointed to learn that the content of the review was not an accurate reflection of what actually happened.

You say that the hotel is dishonest and that one of our staff members, Nora, is a liar because she charged you €240 per night. Nora did make a mistake with the rate, and this was spotted the following morning by one of our more senior receptionists and was corrected before you checked out, so you never paid €240 as you were told at check-in. Also, the duty manager met you the following morning, apologized for the mistake and gave you a further reduction on your rate.

We are 100% certain that Nora made a mistake, as sometimes people do, and we feel it is very unfair and irresponsible of you to call her a liar on a public forum. I’m sensing a lot of anger in the review and I know that you probably didn’t mean to let loose all that anger on us. Sometimes people just need to vent. Sometimes at night when I come home from a long day’s work at the hotel, I go out into the field at the back of my house and scream into the darkness. I let it all out, like a wolf on a moonlit mountain. I feel better after that and nobody gets hurt. I’m not saying howling into the night like a wolf will work for you, but there are other ways of dealing with rage.

With regard to the Wi-Fi, yes, the Wi-Fi in the west of this country is the worst in Europe. There is nothing we can do about this for the moment, although I think we are getting high-speed broadband in the area pretty soon. In the meantime, to anybody else reading this review, do not come to Hotel Giovanni and this town if Wi-Fi is more important to you than human interaction.

You also mentioned you were annoyed by “a bunch of grumpy old men” working in the hotel bar. There are three men over the age of fifty working in the hotel. Only one of them was working on the night you stayed, so we didn’t know how to deal with the “bunch of grumpy old men” in your review, until my assistant manager came up with the only possible solution. We’ve decided to execute all three of these men to ensure that no other guests will have to endure the horrible torture you went through that evening. Paul, Martin and Luca will be blindfolded and shot in the backyard on February 30th. There will be music, cocktail, and sausages to celebrate the execution and we want to show you that we take your feedback seriously. Will you be happy then?

Abuse and false accusations do not tackle any problem. But honesty, sincerity, and integrity do. Even though you hurt us deeply, we’d still like to be friends. We hope you will return to Hotel Giovanni someday and give us an opportunity to change your opinion of us.

Antonio Romano

General Manager

20. Which of the following statements is correct?

下列哪個敘述符合憲法訴訟法的規定？

對於自治法規之敘述，下列何者錯誤？

下列何者並非法律解釋之方法或技術？

依據公司法第 245 條，股份有限公司的少數股東，對於公司業務帳目、財產情形，或特定交易文件及紀錄，得行使檢查權。然而前開檢查權之行使，需具備一定前提。以下各項前提何者錯誤？

依勞工保險條例之規定，下列何者非勞工保險之主管機關？

歷史法學派偏重下列何者，而與我國重視成文法之現象不同？

關於權力分立原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？

甲欲殺乙，誤丙為乙而開槍射殺之，這種情形屬於刑法上何種錯誤類型？

依家庭暴力防治法之規定，下列何者得向法院聲請保護令？

16 歲之未成年人甲騎摩托車，不慎撞倒闖紅燈之學童乙，致乙受到重傷。下列敘述何者錯誤？