108 關務升官等考試薦任 技術類（選試紡織品檢驗及品質管制學） 關務英文 考古題詳解

一、英譯中：請將下列英文句子譯成中文。（15 分）

If education is the transmission of civilization, we are unquestionably progressing. Civilization is not inherited; it has to be learned and earned by each generation anew. If the transmission should be interrupted for one century, civilization would die, and we should be savages again. So our finest contemporary achievement is our unprecedented expenditure of wealth and toil in the provision of higher education for all.

二、中譯英：請將下列中文句子譯成英文。（15 分）

由於能源危機的關係，科學家對於太陽能的潛能越來越感興趣。有些專家估計目前化石燃料的供應將無法維持到二十一世紀結束。太陽能的研究者所面臨的問題是如何很便宜地且有效地來利用太陽的能量。目前最普遍的方法之一就是使用屋頂太陽能收集器，這種方法的優點是不會造成環境污染。

三、英文作文：（20 分）

What are the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping? Please elaborate your argument in 250~300 words and be sure to support it with sufficient illustrations.

The contraband might have been moved by the time the police obtained a warrant to execute a search.

The word “contraband” refers to:

Security officers defend against criminal activities, such as drug smuggling, child pornography, weapons trafficking, and money ____.

The immigration office is responsible for ____ national immigration policies by admitting, rejecting, and processing all immigrants seeking admission to the country.

According to the ____ of Waste Disposal Act, the goods determined to be industrial waste without obtaining a prior permit shall be returned to the exporting countries, and a fine from sixty thousand to ten million New Taiwan Dollars shall be imposed on the violator.

With the rapid growth of cross-border e-commerce, online shoppers are urged to be cautious of the risk of importing ____ goods to prevent criminal responsibility.

The container of goods was detained because it carried undeclared cigarettes, which were not in conformity with the commodity description shown in the import ____.

Any false-declaration or non-declaration of the object carried from a foreign country will result in ____ of the item.

A passenger was ____ by customs officials while passing through the “Nothing to Declare” channel at Taipei Songshan Airport carrying more cash than allowed.

Due to the rapid growth of auto component manufacturers and automobile industries, there is a ____ demand for automobile engineers.

Traditionally, autonomous robots are designed to operate as independently and remotely as possible from humans, often performing tasks in ____ and hostile environments.

The new minister is an enthusiastic ____ of free market; he believes the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market and consumers.

As Americans age and population growth slows, ____ has emerged as the key social force to move the nation towards its new future by providing labor power and populous citizenry.

Although some of the apparel manufacturers still ____ in the developed countries, they are struggling for survival due to low profitability.

An economic ____ is a long period during which economic activity is significantly lower than normal, high unemployment rises and stays high.

Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the ____ of the new model at the presentation on the new product.

【題組共用題幹】

Plastiki is a given name for a catamaran made-up of 12,000 consumer-used plastic bottles. It has undertaken a 8,000 nautical mile journey from San Francisco to Sydney to draw public attention to the problem of eco-contamination. It is the innovation of British adventurer David de Rothschild, who along with two skippers Jo Royle and Olav Heyerdahl led the 100-days expedition to explore the pollution of the oceans due to plastic littering. David came up with the idea of using plastic bottles to build the Plastiki to show how we can beat waste by reusing it. The route taken by Plastiki includes travelling through the Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch, a highly concentrated area of plastic in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Plastiki not only managed to display the ill-effects of plastic non-decomposition but also conveyed its intents to the public to actively stop using plastic and switch over to other bio-degradable items.

When we throw things away, there is no “away.” All the waste goes somewhere and in the not too distant future “away” will be full. Then what? Plastiki’s mission is to educate as many people as possible on how to beat waste and re-think waste as a resource. It was made from reclaimed plastic bottles and recycled waste products. This is the main reason why the catamaran and its journey are getting accolades.

What is a catamaran?

【題組共用題幹】

Plastiki is a given name for a catamaran made-up of 12,000 consumer-used plastic bottles. It has undertaken a 8,000 nautical mile journey from San Francisco to Sydney to draw public attention to the problem of eco-contamination. It is the innovation of British adventurer David de Rothschild, who along with two skippers Jo Royle and Olav Heyerdahl led the 100-days expedition to explore the pollution of the oceans due to plastic littering. David came up with the idea of using plastic bottles to build the Plastiki to show how we can beat waste by reusing it. The route taken by Plastiki includes travelling through the Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch, a highly concentrated area of plastic in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Plastiki not only managed to display the ill-effects of plastic non-decomposition but also conveyed its intents to the public to actively stop using plastic and switch over to other bio-degradable items.

When we throw things away, there is no “away.” All the waste goes somewhere and in the not too distant future “away” will be full. Then what? Plastiki’s mission is to educate as many people as possible on how to beat waste and re-think waste as a resource. It was made from reclaimed plastic bottles and recycled waste products. This is the main reason why the catamaran and its journey are getting accolades.

David ventured on the voyage with two skippers, who were ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Plastiki is a given name for a catamaran made-up of 12,000 consumer-used plastic bottles. It has undertaken a 8,000 nautical mile journey from San Francisco to Sydney to draw public attention to the problem of eco-contamination. It is the innovation of British adventurer David de Rothschild, who along with two skippers Jo Royle and Olav Heyerdahl led the 100-days expedition to explore the pollution of the oceans due to plastic littering. David came up with the idea of using plastic bottles to build the Plastiki to show how we can beat waste by reusing it. The route taken by Plastiki includes travelling through the Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch, a highly concentrated area of plastic in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Plastiki not only managed to display the ill-effects of plastic non-decomposition but also conveyed its intents to the public to actively stop using plastic and switch over to other bio-degradable items.

When we throw things away, there is no “away.” All the waste goes somewhere and in the not too distant future “away” will be full. Then what? Plastiki’s mission is to educate as many people as possible on how to beat waste and re-think waste as a resource. It was made from reclaimed plastic bottles and recycled waste products. This is the main reason why the catamaran and its journey are getting accolades.

The word “littering” denotes:

【題組共用題幹】

Plastiki is a given name for a catamaran made-up of 12,000 consumer-used plastic bottles. It has undertaken a 8,000 nautical mile journey from San Francisco to Sydney to draw public attention to the problem of eco-contamination. It is the innovation of British adventurer David de Rothschild, who along with two skippers Jo Royle and Olav Heyerdahl led the 100-days expedition to explore the pollution of the oceans due to plastic littering. David came up with the idea of using plastic bottles to build the Plastiki to show how we can beat waste by reusing it. The route taken by Plastiki includes travelling through the Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch, a highly concentrated area of plastic in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Plastiki not only managed to display the ill-effects of plastic non-decomposition but also conveyed its intents to the public to actively stop using plastic and switch over to other bio-degradable items.

When we throw things away, there is no “away.” All the waste goes somewhere and in the not too distant future “away” will be full. Then what? Plastiki’s mission is to educate as many people as possible on how to beat waste and re-think waste as a resource. It was made from reclaimed plastic bottles and recycled waste products. This is the main reason why the catamaran and its journey are getting accolades.

What does it mean by the sentence “its journey are getting accolades”?

【題組共用題幹】

Plastiki is a given name for a catamaran made-up of 12,000 consumer-used plastic bottles. It has undertaken a 8,000 nautical mile journey from San Francisco to Sydney to draw public attention to the problem of eco-contamination. It is the innovation of British adventurer David de Rothschild, who along with two skippers Jo Royle and Olav Heyerdahl led the 100-days expedition to explore the pollution of the oceans due to plastic littering. David came up with the idea of using plastic bottles to build the Plastiki to show how we can beat waste by reusing it. The route taken by Plastiki includes travelling through the Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch, a highly concentrated area of plastic in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Plastiki not only managed to display the ill-effects of plastic non-decomposition but also conveyed its intents to the public to actively stop using plastic and switch over to other bio-degradable items.

When we throw things away, there is no “away.” All the waste goes somewhere and in the not too distant future “away” will be full. Then what? Plastiki’s mission is to educate as many people as possible on how to beat waste and re-think waste as a resource. It was made from reclaimed plastic bottles and recycled waste products. This is the main reason why the catamaran and its journey are getting accolades.

What is the main purpose of Plastiki voyage?

【題組共用題幹】

High-speed rail (HSR) is a form of railway transportation which runs at a high speed. It uses an integrated system of dedicated tracks and rolling stock to attain the high speed. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometers per hour (160 miles per hour) and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometers per hour (120 miles per hour) are widely considered to be high ____.

The first high-speed train began its ____ in 1964 in Japan, and they were called bullet trains. They run on standard gauge rail with continuously welded rails.

China’s HSR (High-speed rail) is the longest HSR network in the world; it is China’s network of passenger-dedicated railway. It was extended to 29 more provincial-level administrative divisions in 2017 which gives it a total length of 25,000 km. This ____ approximately two-thirds of the global high-speed railway for commercial services. In 2017 it completed nearly 2 billion trips.

____ China has over two-thirds of the World’s High-speed rail, its network does not cross into the neighboring nations. The HSR crosses ____ boundaries only in Europe. Belgium is served by four operators TGV, ICE, Eurostar and Thalys trains all from neighboring countries. ICE trains reach Switzerland and Belgium while TGV rail has extended to Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. Eurostar connects London to Brussels.

The blank in the first paragraph is:

【題組共用題幹】

High-speed rail (HSR) is a form of railway transportation which runs at a high speed. It uses an integrated system of dedicated tracks and rolling stock to attain the high speed. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometers per hour (160 miles per hour) and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometers per hour (120 miles per hour) are widely considered to be high ____.

The first high-speed train began its ____ in 1964 in Japan, and they were called bullet trains. They run on standard gauge rail with continuously welded rails.

China’s HSR (High-speed rail) is the longest HSR network in the world; it is China’s network of passenger-dedicated railway. It was extended to 29 more provincial-level administrative divisions in 2017 which gives it a total length of 25,000 km. This ____ approximately two-thirds of the global high-speed railway for commercial services. In 2017 it completed nearly 2 billion trips.

____ China has over two-thirds of the World’s High-speed rail, its network does not cross into the neighboring nations. The HSR crosses ____ boundaries only in Europe. Belgium is served by four operators TGV, ICE, Eurostar and Thalys trains all from neighboring countries. ICE trains reach Switzerland and Belgium while TGV rail has extended to Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. Eurostar connects London to Brussels.

The blank in the second paragraph is:

【題組共用題幹】

High-speed rail (HSR) is a form of railway transportation which runs at a high speed. It uses an integrated system of dedicated tracks and rolling stock to attain the high speed. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometers per hour (160 miles per hour) and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometers per hour (120 miles per hour) are widely considered to be high ____.

The first high-speed train began its ____ in 1964 in Japan, and they were called bullet trains. They run on standard gauge rail with continuously welded rails.

China’s HSR (High-speed rail) is the longest HSR network in the world; it is China’s network of passenger-dedicated railway. It was extended to 29 more provincial-level administrative divisions in 2017 which gives it a total length of 25,000 km. This ____ approximately two-thirds of the global high-speed railway for commercial services. In 2017 it completed nearly 2 billion trips.

____ China has over two-thirds of the World’s High-speed rail, its network does not cross into the neighboring nations. The HSR crosses ____ boundaries only in Europe. Belgium is served by four operators TGV, ICE, Eurostar and Thalys trains all from neighboring countries. ICE trains reach Switzerland and Belgium while TGV rail has extended to Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. Eurostar connects London to Brussels.

The blank in the third paragraph is:

【題組共用題幹】

High-speed rail (HSR) is a form of railway transportation which runs at a high speed. It uses an integrated system of dedicated tracks and rolling stock to attain the high speed. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometers per hour (160 miles per hour) and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometers per hour (120 miles per hour) are widely considered to be high ____.

The first high-speed train began its ____ in 1964 in Japan, and they were called bullet trains. They run on standard gauge rail with continuously welded rails.

China’s HSR (High-speed rail) is the longest HSR network in the world; it is China’s network of passenger-dedicated railway. It was extended to 29 more provincial-level administrative divisions in 2017 which gives it a total length of 25,000 km. This ____ approximately two-thirds of the global high-speed railway for commercial services. In 2017 it completed nearly 2 billion trips.

____ China has over two-thirds of the World’s High-speed rail, its network does not cross into the neighboring nations. The HSR crosses ____ boundaries only in Europe. Belgium is served by four operators TGV, ICE, Eurostar and Thalys trains all from neighboring countries. ICE trains reach Switzerland and Belgium while TGV rail has extended to Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. Eurostar connects London to Brussels.

The blank in the fourth paragraph is:

【題組共用題幹】

High-speed rail (HSR) is a form of railway transportation which runs at a high speed. It uses an integrated system of dedicated tracks and rolling stock to attain the high speed. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, new lines in excess of 250 kilometers per hour (160 miles per hour) and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometers per hour (120 miles per hour) are widely considered to be high ____.

The first high-speed train began its ____ in 1964 in Japan, and they were called bullet trains. They run on standard gauge rail with continuously welded rails.

China’s HSR (High-speed rail) is the longest HSR network in the world; it is China’s network of passenger-dedicated railway. It was extended to 29 more provincial-level administrative divisions in 2017 which gives it a total length of 25,000 km. This ____ approximately two-thirds of the global high-speed railway for commercial services. In 2017 it completed nearly 2 billion trips.

____ China has over two-thirds of the World’s High-speed rail, its network does not cross into the neighboring nations. The HSR crosses ____ boundaries only in Europe. Belgium is served by four operators TGV, ICE, Eurostar and Thalys trains all from neighboring countries. ICE trains reach Switzerland and Belgium while TGV rail has extended to Italy, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. Eurostar connects London to Brussels.

The blank in the fourth paragraph is: