107 自來水評價人員招考評價職位 營運士業務類 英文 考古題詳解

107 年・自來水評價人員招考・評價職位・營運士業務類
試題代碼 107年台水評價職位人員 營運士業務類_(英文)

第 1 題2 分

All the chairs in the hall were ____, and at least 90 people had to stand.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「字彙搭配」與「邏輯銜接」。前後句以 and 相連,後半句 "at least 90 people had to stand"(至少 90 人必須站著)說明前半句的結果,因此空格應填入一個能說明「座位已無法供人使用」的動詞過去分詞。此外,"chairs... occupied" 是固定搭配,表示「座位已被佔用」。

解題方法

先看後半句的因果:人需要站著,代表座位不夠坐。接著判斷哪個動詞的過去分詞能描述「椅子處於被人使用的狀態」,並與 "all the chairs" 搭配成通順的句子。由於結果是「沒有空位給人坐」,最直接的語意就是椅子全部已被坐滿。

選項分析

  • (A) rebuilt(重建):意指椅子被重新建造,與人是否站立沒有直接因果關係,語意不通。
  • (B) occupied(被佔用):正確。All the chairs were occupied 表示每張椅子都已有人坐,因此至少 90 人沒有座位而必須站著,前後因果完整。
  • (C) removed(被移走):若椅子被移走,雖然也會造成站立,但句子描述的是「椅子不存在」,而非「椅子存在且已滿座」。
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第 2 題2 分

I can see you are a little confused; let me ____ briefly.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞搭配語境」,屬於字彙與語意判斷題。句意為「我看得出你有點困惑,讓我簡單 ____ 一下」,空格需填入一個能與「簡單地(briefly)」及「讓你釐清困惑」語意相合的動詞。

解題方法

  1. 先判斷前句語境:對方感到困惑,說話者接著要「把事情講清楚」。
  2. 再看後接副詞 briefly:這類句型常見於「let me explain briefly」,表示「讓我簡短地說明」。
  3. 逐一比對四個動詞的核心語意,只有與「說明、釐清」相符者為答案。

選項分析

  • (A) expose:意為「暴露、揭露」,多指讓隱藏之事物被人看見或使人受到危險,與「釐清困惑」語意不合。
  • (B) explore:意為「探索、勘察、深入研究」,強調探查未知領域,不用來表示口頭說明,語意不合。
  • (C) exchange:意為「交換、互換」,需要對象之間的互動或物品互換,與句意無關。
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第 3 題2 分

I can’t ____ on my work at the moment. The loud noise is distracting me.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文動詞的搭配用法(collocation)與語意辨析。題幹句意為「我目前無法專心工作,噪音使我分心」,空格需填入與 work 搭配、表示「專注於」的動詞。

解題方法

先判斷語境:主詞為 I,受詞為 my work,後接 on,且前一句的 "distracting me" 暗示「無法集中注意力」。因此關鍵在於找出 "____ on" 這個固定搭配的意思。逐一檢視四個選項的意義與介係詞搭配,即可鎖定答案。

選項分析

  • (A) state:意為「陳述、宣告」,常接 state + that 子句或 state one's opinion,不能表示「專注」,且 state on 不成立,故錯誤。
  • (B) rotate:意為「旋轉、輪流」,與「專注於工作」無關,rotate on 也不是常見搭配,故錯誤。
  • (C) concentrate:意為「集中、專心」,concentrate on 為標準片語,表示「把注意力集中於某事」,完全符合題意與「被噪音分心」的邏輯,正確。
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第 4 題2 分

Famous artists often have excellent ____.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是名詞的字義辨析與搭配詞(collocation)。空格前有形容詞 excellent 修飾,需填入一個可與 excellent 搭配、語意符合「著名藝術家通常具備的優異能力」的名詞。四個選項 imagination(想像力)、estimation(估計、評價)、relation(關係)、examination(考試、檢查)中,只有 imagination 符合藝術家的特質,屬於詞彙語意與常識判斷題,不涉及法條或公式。

解題方法

採用「語意配對法」:先確定句子主詞 Famous artists(著名藝術家)的典型特質,再逐一比對選項的字義,剔除不符合語境者。藝術創作的核心能力是創造性思考與構思能力,因此最符合的名詞是與「創造」相關的 imagination。對應的 excellent imagination 是固定的英文搭配,語意通順。

選項分析

  • (A) imagination(想像力):正確。藝術創作以想像力為核心,"excellent imagination" 為自然的英文搭配,句意通順:「著名藝術家通常具有出色的想像力。」
  • (B) estimation(估計、評價):錯誤。estimation 指對數量、價值的估算或對人的評價,與藝術家的創作能力無直接關係,語意不通。
  • (C) relation(關係):錯誤。relation 指人與人、事與事之間的關係,雖可與 excellent 搭配(如 excellent relations),但題意是指藝術家的能力,不是人際關係,故不合題意。
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第 5 題2 分

Don’t ____ like you know everything. In fact, you know nothing about it.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文動詞片語(collocation)的固定搭配,屬於詞彙與慣用語辨識題。題幹句意為「不要表現得好像你什麼都懂。事實上,你對此一無所知。」空格所需填入的動詞須與 "like you know everything" 搭配,表達「表現出/假裝……的樣子」。

解題方法

本題不涉及語法變化,而是比對各動詞與片語 "act like + 子句" 的固定用法。英文中「act like(表現得像……)」是常見的慣用語,後接 like 加子句,表示行為舉止上的假裝或表現。解題時應先確認句意為「態度上的表現」,再逐一檢視四個選項能否與 "like" 構成通順的搭配。

選項分析

(A) act:正確。"act like + 子句" 表示「表現得好像……」,符合題意「不要表現得好像你什麼都懂」。

(B) take:錯誤。"take" 與 "like" 不構成此句意的搭配;"take it like..." 等用法與本句語意不符,且 take 無「表現態度」之義。

(C) make:錯誤。"make like" 在標準用法中不表示「表現得像」,而是常見於 "make like a tree"(走開)等口語或特定片語,與本句語意不符。

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第 6 題2 分

Those twins look alike. It’s very hard to ____ who is who.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞搭配語意」,屬於字彙題。句意是雙胞胎長得很像,所以要「分辨誰是誰」很困難。空格需要一個表示「辨認、分辨」的動詞,後接 who 引導的間接問句。

解題方法

先抓出句中的關鍵線索:look alike(長得像)與 very hard(很困難)。由此可知空格語意應為「辨認出」或「分辨出」。接著逐一檢視四個動詞的基本語意,找出唯一符合「辨認身分」的選項。

選項分析

  • (A) satisfy:意為「使滿意、滿足、符合(需求或條件)」。與「辨認身分」無關,句意不通。
  • (B) modify:意為「修改、調整」。可以說 modify a plan,但不能說 modify who is who,語意錯誤。
  • (C) identify:意為「辨認、識別、確認身分」,常見句型為 identify sb. / identify who + 子句。It's hard to identify who is who 表示「很難分辨誰是誰」,語意通順,正確。
  • (D) qualify:意為「使具備資格、取得資格、限定」。
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第 7 題2 分

The ____ is so nice today. We can go out for a picnic under the sunshine.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「名詞的語意搭配」與「情境推理」。句子描述今天天氣很好,且可以在陽光下野餐,因此空格應填入與「天氣、氣候狀態」相關的名詞。解題時要同時掌握兩點:一是句型 "The ____ is so nice today" 需要一個可以被形容為 nice 的單數名詞;二是後半句 "under the sunshine" 提供情境線索。

解題方法

採用「由情境反推語意」的方法。先看後半句,陽光充足、適合野餐,這代表當天的整體氣候狀態良好。接著在四個選項中找出能描述整體氣候、且能與 nice 搭配的名詞。只有 weather 符合,因此選 (C)。

選項分析

  • (A) father:意為「父親」,與天氣無關,且 "The father is so nice today" 語意不通。錯誤。
  • (B) feather:意為「羽毛」,與句意無關。錯誤。注意 feather 與 weather 拼法相近,屬於常見的形近字干擾選項。
  • (C) weather:意為「天氣」,是不可數名詞,常用句型為 "The weather is nice / fine / good today"。與後半句「在陽光下野餐」形成合理因果。正確。
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第 8 題2 分

I think I’ve spent too long on the computer. My ____ is getting worse. Sometimes the words become very blurry for me.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是名詞的字義辨識與搭配。題幹描述「用電腦太久,我的__越來越差,有時文字會變得模糊」,關鍵在於空格所填名詞必須表示「看得見的能力」,與眼睛的功能直接相關。

解題方法

從句意反推即可。「文字變得模糊」是眼睛看東西的問題,因此空格應填與「視覺、視力」有關的字。先確定語義範圍,再逐一比對選項,排除不合語意者,最後選出唯一符合者。

選項分析

  • (A) revision:意為「修訂、修改」,指對文件、課程或作品的改版修正,與眼睛狀況無關,錯誤。
  • (B) vision:意為「視力、視覺」,如 poor vision(視力不佳)、blurry vision(視線模糊)。題幹說「用電腦太久,視力變差,文字變模糊」,語意完全吻合,正確。
  • (C) session:意為「一段時間、會議、課程時段」,如 a training session(一場培訓)、a session of Congress(一屆會期),與視力無關,錯誤。
  • (D) mansion:意為「大廈、豪宅」,是建築物名詞,與句意毫無關聯,錯誤。

解題技巧

  1. 抓關鍵詞:看到 blurry(模糊)、words become... for me(文字對我而言變得……)等描寫感官狀態的字眼,就應優先聯想到 *vi
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第 9 題2 分

It’s better to put the medicines on the ____, or the children might swallow it accidentally.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是介系詞 on 與名詞的固定搭配,以及「在特定地點擺放物品」的字彙用法。句意是:藥品應放在孩童拿不到的地方,以免誤吞。

  • on the shelf 意為「放在架子上」,是描述物品擺放位置的常見片語。
  • 句中 the children might swallow it accidentally 點出情境:要放在高處、孩童不易取得之處,因此需要一個具體的「擺放處所」。

解題方法

  1. 先找句子缺的詞性與語意:空格前有定冠詞 the,空格為名詞,且與介系詞 on 搭配,表示放置的地點或平面。
  2. 以情境判斷:題幹要求「放在孩童拿不到的地方」,符合此語意的名詞應為能承載物品的「架子」類名詞。
  3. 逐一代入驗證搭配與語意:將四個選項代入 on the ____ 檢查是否成立且通順。

選項分析

  • (A) store:store 作名詞常指「商店」或「儲藏室」,作動詞是「儲存」。on the store 不是通順的搭配,也無法表達「放在架子上」的語意。若要表達「存放於儲藏處」,應使用 in the store,與題意不合。錯誤。
  • (B) shelf:shelf 指「架子、層板」,on the shelf 是固定搭配,表示物品擺放在架子上。放在架上較高,符合「孩童拿不到、避免誤吞」的情境。正確。
  • (C) elf:elf 指「精靈、小妖精」,與藥品擺放無關,語意不成立。錯誤。
  • (D) note:note 指「便條、筆記」,on the note 不成立。雖可說 on a note(寫在便條上),但與「擺放藥品的地點」語意不符。錯誤。
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第 10 題2 分

Several websites allow users to ____ movies for free on the Internet. To gain access to the sites, you may have to register with the company and create an account and login password.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是片語動詞與複合字的詞性辨識。「down-」開頭的字很多,但只有 download 是及物動詞(V.),其餘選項多為名詞、副詞或形容詞。題幹空格位於不定詞 to 之後,需填入原形動詞,且後面接受詞 movies,因此只有動詞能符合文法與語意。

解題方法

  1. 看空格位置:「allow users to ____ movies」,to 後接原形動詞,空格必須是動詞。
  2. 看受詞搭配:動詞後接 movies(電影)作受詞,語意須為「取得、複製電影檔案」。
  3. 看語境:題幹提到 on the Internet、register、create an account、login password,指向網路服務,故動作應為「從網路取得檔案」,即 download。
  4. 排除法:其餘三個選項詞性不合,無法放入此位置。

選項分析

  • (A) download ✔ 正確 download 為及物動詞,意為「下載(檔案、影音、軟體)」。download movies 是固定搭配,符合「免費下載電影」之語意。

  • (B) downstairs ✘ 錯誤 意為「樓下;下樓」,為副詞、形容詞或名詞,沒有及物動詞用法。to downstairs movies 文法與語意皆不通。

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第 11 題2 分

The steak was ____ and didn’t taste good.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考形容詞辨析,重點是形容牛排「煮得過熟」或「品質普通」時,哪個詞最符合句意。句中 didn’t taste good(吃起來不好吃)提供了語意線索。

解題方法

先看空格描述牛排的狀態,再將各選項代入句子。overdone 和 overcooked 都可表示「煮得過熟」;不過本題選項 (C) too well-done 用法不自然,而 (D) overcooked 最直接說明牛排因烹調過度而不好吃。

選項分析

  • (A) overdone:「做得過頭的;煮得過熟的」。用來形容牛排文法正確,語意也通順,但與 (D) 意義相近。
  • (B) mediocre:「普通的;平庸的」。可形容品質或表現普通,但不表示牛排煮得過熟,與句意線索不如 (A)、(D) 貼合。
  • (C) too well-done:「熟得太透」。
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第 12 題2 分

A: Where are you going?

B: To the post office. I have to mail a ____.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考日常英文單字與語意搭配。對話中 B 說要去郵局(post office),並且要寄出(mail)某樣東西,因此空格應填可以寄送的郵件種類。

解題方法

先看動詞 mail 的意思是「郵寄、寄出」,再判斷各選項中哪些可以作為郵寄的物品。郵票是寄信時使用的郵資憑證;信件、明信片則是可以寄出的內容物。

選項分析

  • (A) stamp(郵票):錯誤。郵票是貼在信件或明信片上的郵資憑證,不是此處要寄出的郵件。
  • (B) letter(信件):正確。mail a letter 是「寄一封信」的自然搭配,符合前往郵局的情境。
  • (C) postcard(明信片):錯誤。明信片確實可以郵寄,但英文通常說 mail a postcard。單看文法與情境,此選項也說得通;本題若以單一答案作答,預期答案為 letter,但題目缺少能排除 postcard 的語意線索。
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第 13 題2 分

Uniqlo will be having a(n) ____ of women’s casual shirts, dresses, and blouses this weekend.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「特賣」相關詞彙的語意差異。句意是:Uniqlo 這個週末將舉辦一場針對女性休閒襯衫、洋裝和女用襯衫的特賣活動。判斷關鍵在於各種促銷名稱所暗示的原因或時機。

解題方法

先看空格後面的商品清單:題目只說這些商品會在本週末特價,沒有提到年末、店慶或清理庫存。因此選擇語意較一般、可用於促銷活動的 bargain sale。

選項分析

  • (A) bargain sale:特價銷售、優惠特賣。適用於商品以優惠價格販售的情境,與題意相符。
  • (B) clearance sale:清倉特賣,通常表示商家要清理庫存,常見於季末或商品下架前。題目沒有清庫存的線索。
  • (C) year-end sale:年終特賣,指年末舉辦的促銷活動。題目只提到這個週末,沒有指出是年末。
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第 14 題2 分

Adam: May I pick up my parcel, please?

Post Office Clerk: Could I see ____?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查郵局領取包裹時的常見對話,以及 Could I see ...? 的用法。這句話是「我可以看一下……嗎?」郵務人員通常會要求領件人出示身分證件,以確認領件人身分。

解題方法

先看 Adam 的請求:May I pick up my parcel, please?(請問我可以領取包裹嗎?)接著郵局櫃員詢問能否查看某項物品。配合領取包裹的情境,最合理的是查驗領件人的身分證件,因此選 your ID。

選項分析

  • (A) your ID:你的身分證件。領取包裹時用來確認領件人身分,符合對話情境。
  • (B) a recommendation:一封推薦信/推薦函。與領取包裹的身分查驗程序無關。
  • (C) a stamp machine:一台郵票機。不是領件人應出示的物品,也不符合櫃員查驗的需求。
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第 15 題2 分

Michael: I’d like to mail this package to Canada.

FedEx clerk: Oops, you forgot to put the ____!

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文郵寄情境中的詞彙與語意判斷。Michael 想把包裹寄到加拿大,FedEx 櫃檯人員提醒他「忘了填上__」。寄送包裹時,最基本且必要的資訊是收件人的地址(recipient’s address)。

解題方法

先依對話情境判斷空格所需資訊:包裹要寄到加拿大,必須標示收件地點,承運人才能配送。因此空格應填「收件人的地址」。再比對各選項的意思,排除電話、郵遞區號及匯票等不符合句意的項目。

選項分析

  • (A) recipient’s address:收件人的地址。寄送包裹所需的核心配送資訊,符合「忘了填上」及寄往加拿大的情境,正確。
  • (B) recipient’s phone number:收件人的電話號碼。電話可作為聯絡資訊,但不能取代收件地址,因此不是本句最適切的答案。
  • (C) ZIP code:郵遞區號。英文常用 ZIP code 指美國郵遞區號;
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第 16 題2 分

Molly often ____ the post office’s new iBox service to send packages anytime to 409 locations in Taiwan.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「主詞與動詞的人稱單複數一致」,以及「現在簡單式表示習慣或經常性動作」的用法。句中的 often(經常)和 anytime(隨時)都是習慣性頻率的線索,要用現在簡單式。

解題方法

  1. 找主詞:主詞是 Molly,為第三人稱單數。
  2. 判斷時態:often 表示經常性動作,搭配現在簡單式。
  3. 套用一致規則:第三人稱單數主詞的現在簡單式動詞要加 -s 或 -es,即 uses。
  4. 檢查句子結構:空格前後是完整主詞,後面接及物動詞 use 的受詞 the post office's new iBox service,後方的 to 不定詞片語說明目的,句子結構完整,空格只需要一個定動詞。

選項分析

  • (A) use:原形動詞,與第三人稱單數主詞 Molly 不一致。原形動詞只用於 I、you、we、they 或複數主詞的現在簡單式,此處不適用。
  • (B) uses:正確。主詞 Molly 為第三人稱單數,現在簡單式動詞加 -s,表示「Molly 經常使用」這項習慣性行為,且語意與 anytime 的經常性情境吻合。
  • (C) using:現在分詞或動名詞,無法單獨作句子的定動詞。句中缺少時態與人稱變化的定動詞,所以不能選。
  • (D) have used:現在完成式,表示過去持續或過去經驗延續到現在,且 have 需搭配 I、you、we、they 或複數主詞。此處主詞為 Molly,應用 has used。
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第 17 題2 分

I found my dog ____ asleep in the sun.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「分詞作形容詞(現在分詞與過去分詞)」以及 lie(躺、臥)與 lay(放置、下蛋)的不及物/及物用法區別。句意為「我發現我的狗在陽光下睡著躺著」,空格修飾前面的受詞 dog,表示主動的「躺著」狀態,因此需要現在分詞形式。

  • lie(不及物動詞):躺、臥。變化為 lie-lay-lain-lying。
  • lay(及物動詞):放置某物。變化為 lay-laid-laid-laying。
  • 本題 dog 是受詞,後面接的是 asleep in the sun,屬於 find + 受詞 + 補語(受詞補語)的結構,補語用分詞表示受詞的動作或狀態。

解題方法

  1. 句型判斷:find 後接受詞 dog,再接補語。補語可用形容詞、分詞或不定詞。
  2. 語意判斷:dog 是主動地「躺著睡」,屬於主動語態,應用現在分詞表示進行中的狀態,而非過去分詞。
  3. 動詞判斷:「躺」的意思用 lie,不用 lay。lay 必須接受詞(放置某物),而 dog 本身已是躺著的主體,不需要再接受詞,因此排除 lay 系列。
  4. 綜合:lie 的現在分詞為 lying,符合主動、進行的語意。

選項分析

  • (A) laid:lay 的過去式或過去分詞,意為「放置了」,為及物動詞的過去式,且語意不符(狗不是被放置的)。錯誤。
  • (B) lain:lie 的過去分詞,表示完成或被動的躺臥狀態,但此處需要主動進行的狀態,不符合分詞語意的選擇。錯誤。
  • (C) lying:lie 的現在分詞,表示主動、正在進行的躺臥狀態,語意與句意「狗正躺著睡」吻合。正確。
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第 18 題2 分

I feel cold. Do you mind ____ I close the window?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文中表示「請求許可」的固定句型 Do you mind if + 主詞 + 動詞?,意思是「你介意我……嗎?」。在這個句型中,mind 作「介意」解,後面接的是一個完整子句,而這個子句需要由連接詞 if 引導。

句型結構如下:

  • Do you mind if + S + V ...?
  • Do you mind + V-ing ...?(例:Do you mind my closing the window?)

兩者都是正確用法。本題的空格位於 mind 之後、"I close the window" 之前,因此必須填入能引導名詞子句、且與 mind 搭配成固定用法的連接詞。

解題方法

本題屬於「固定搭配辨識題」。先確認空格後是完整子句 "I close the window",再判斷 mind 後接子句時的固定連接詞。由於 mind 後接子句的標準形式是 "mind if + 子句",只要熟悉此搭配,即可直接選出答案,不需逐字翻譯。

選項分析

  • (A) if:正確。"Do you mind if I close the window?" 是標準的請求許可句型,語意為「我把窗戶關上,你介意嗎?」。
  • (B) how:錯誤。how 作為連接詞時表示「如何」,無法與 mind 搭配表達「介意某事」,句意不通。
  • (C) that:錯誤。mind 後不接 that 引導的子句來表示請求許可,"Do you mind that I close the window?" 不是標準英文用法,母語者不會這樣說。
  • (D) when:錯誤。
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第 19 題2 分

Would you like to go ____ with me this afternoon?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是「動名詞(gerund)」與「不定詞(infinitive)」的用法,特別是 go + 動名詞表示「從事某種活動」的固定搭配。

  • 動詞 go 後接 -ing 形式,表示「去從事某活動」,常見搭配有 go swimming、go shopping、go fishing、go hiking、go running 等。
  • 此用法中的 swimming 為動名詞,作 go 的受詞性補語,整體構成「go + 活動名詞」的慣用結構。

解題方法

先判斷空格前後的結構:句子主要動詞為 Would you like to go,空格位於 go 之後,需要一個能與 go 搭配、表示「去做某事」的成分。此時應辨識 go 的常見搭配模式,而非直接套用「like to + 原形動詞」的規則。

由於 go 後接活動名詞時,活動名詞必須以 -ing 形式呈現,且不加冠詞、不加不定詞標記 to,因此可直接排除不符合此結構的選項,逐一比對即可得出答案。

選項分析

  • (A) swim:錯誤。原形動詞不能直接接在 go 之後表示活動。go swim 不是標準用法,英文中表示「去游泳」須用 go swimming。
  • (B) a swim:錯誤。a swim 雖可作名詞片語表示「一次游泳」,但 go a swim 並非固定搭配,且語意不符「去游泳的活動」這一慣用結構。
  • (C) to swim:錯誤。go to swim 在文法上不自然;go to + 地點才是正確用法(如 go to the pool),to swim 無法直接表示從事游泳這項活動。
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第 20 題2 分

Responsibility, along with communication skills, ____ required for our candidates.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是「主謂一致」(subject-verb agreement),以及空格後接 required 時的結構判斷。

  1. 介詞片語或插入語(如 along with、together with、as well as)所帶出的名詞,不會改變主詞的單複數。
  2. 句中 is/are 後接過去分詞 required,構成被動語態 is required,表示「被要求」。空格需要一個可以與 required 搭配的限定動詞。

解題方法

先找真正的主詞。句首為 Responsibility,是單數不可數名詞;along with communication skills 是修飾語,位於主詞與動詞之間,修飾語中的複數名詞 skills 不影響動詞形式。因此主詞為單數,句子應用單數動詞。

接著檢視 required 前方的結構:required 是過去分詞,必須由 be 動詞構成被動語態,且動詞必須為限定動詞(finite verb),能與單數主詞形成完整句子。符合條件者只有 is。

選項分析

  • (A) are:錯誤。are 為複數 be 動詞,與單數主詞 Responsibility 不一致。along with communication skills 只是修飾語,不能使主詞變為複數。
  • (B) be:錯誤。be 是原形動詞,不能單獨作為句子的限定動詞。若要使用原形,句中需有助動詞(如 will、can、must)或不定詞 to,例如 will be required,但本句沒有這類助動詞。
  • (C) is:正確。is 為單數現在式 be 動詞,與單數主詞 Responsibility 一致,與 required 組成被動語態 is required,句意為「責任感與溝通能力,是本校候選人所被要求具備的」。
  • (D) is to:錯誤。
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第 21 題2 分

It has been claimed that ____ red wine is good for your heart.

這一題的完整詳解

題目翻譯:有人主張,喝紅酒對心臟有益。

核心觀念

本題考「動名詞(gerund)作主詞」。在 that 子句中,____ red wine 是整個子句的主詞,後面接單數動詞 is,因此空格需要填入一個能當名詞用、且可以接受 red wine 作受詞的形式。動名詞 drinking 具有名詞性,可以帶受詞、整體作為單數主詞,符合句型需求。

解題方法

先看句子結構:It has been claimed that [主詞] is good for your heart。that 子句內缺少主詞,空格必須構成一個完整的名詞性片語,並且與 is 搭配。接著逐一檢查各選項能否同時滿足三個條件:

  1. 能當名詞性主詞;
  2. 能以 red wine 作為受詞;
  3. 整體語意為「喝紅酒」這個行為。

符合三點者只有 D。

選項分析

  • (A) drink:原形動詞不能單獨作主詞,「drink red wine is good」結構不成立。原形動詞若要表達行為作主詞,需用 to 不定詞或動名詞,且 drink 單獨出現時,語法上無法接受。錯誤。
  • (B) a drink:a drink 是可數名詞,指「一杯飲料」,後面不能直接接 red wine 形成「喝紅酒」的意思。若要表達,需寫成 a drink of red wine,但題目沒有 of,因此結構不成立。錯誤。
  • (C) to have been drinking:此為不定詞的完成進行式,表示「過去一段時間一直在喝」。這個時態與「喝紅酒對心臟有益」這種一般性、長期性的主張不吻合,且語意上屬於過去持續的動作,並不適合描述一般性的健康效益。加上此形式作主詞過於笨拙,命題時屬於干擾選項。錯誤。
  • (D) drinking:動名詞,具名詞性,可接 red wine 作受詞,整體作單數主詞,與 is 搭配正確。語意為「喝紅酒」這一般性行為,符合題意。正確。

解題技巧

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第 22 題2 分

____ harshly he may speak to you, you can be sure that he has only your best interests at heart.

這一題的完整詳解

【題目】

____ harshly he may speak to you, you can be sure that he has only your best interests at heart.

(A) However (B) Whereas (C) Moreover (D) Whether

核心觀念

本題考的是讓步副詞子句的倒裝結構:「however + 形容詞/副詞 + 主詞 + may/will ...」,意思是「無論……多麼」。例如:However tired you are, you must finish the work.(無論你多累,你都必須完成工作。)

本題句型為:However harshly he may speak to you(無論他對你說話多麼嚴厲),主要子句為 you can be sure that he has only your best interests at heart(你可以確信他只為你著想)。兩者之間是「讓步」關係,因此空格需填入能引導讓步結構的詞。

解題方法

  1. 先看空格後的結構:harshly(副詞)+ he may speak(主詞+助動詞+動詞)。這是「副詞前置」的讓步結構,中間缺少引導詞。
  2. 符合此結構的引導詞只有 However(與 No matter how 同義)。
  3. 再以語意驗證:「無論他說話多嚴厲,你都可以確信他為你著想」語意通順,表示讓步與反轉,符合題意。

選項分析

  • (A) However(正確):However 與形容詞或副詞連用時,可引導讓步副詞子句,表示「無論多麼」。句型為 however + adv. + S + V,與題目結構完全吻合。
  • (B) Whereas(錯誤):Whereas 是對比連接詞,意為「然而、反之」,連接兩個完整子句,前後為對照關係。它不能引導「副詞+主詞+助動詞」的倒裝結構,也無法表達讓步語意。
  • (C) Moreover(錯誤):Moreover 是連接副詞,意為「此外、而且」,用於增補資訊,連接的是並列的獨立句。它不能放在副詞前引導子句,語意也不符。
  • (D) Whether(錯誤):Whether 常用於 whether ... or not 或引導名詞子句,表示「是否」。
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第 23 題2 分

I’d ____ play football than watch it.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文固定搭配 would rather ... than ...(寧願……也不願……),常見縮寫為 I'd rather ... than ...。句型結構為:

subject+would rather+原形動詞A+than+原形動詞B\text{subject} + \text{would rather} + \text{原形動詞A} + \text{than} + \text{原形動詞B}

其中 than 前後連接的動詞形式必須一致,且通常使用原形動詞(不加 to)。本題是 play 與 watch 的比較,意思是「我寧願踢足球,也不願看足球」。

解題方法

先看空格後的結構:空格後接 play football,後面又有 than watch it。than 是比較連接詞,因此空格所需的詞必須與 than 搭配,構成「寧願……而不願……」的比較句型。符合這個搭配的只有 rather,故直接選 (C)。

選項分析

  • (A) better:better 不能單獨接在 would 之後表示「寧願」。"I'd better play football" 的意思是「我最好去踢足球」,是勸告或義務語氣(had better + 原形動詞),與 than 無法搭配,句子不成立。
  • (B) more:more 是比較級形容詞或副詞,表示「更多」或「更加」。"I'd more play football" 語法錯誤,且 would more 不是固定用法,無法表達「寧願」。
  • (C) rather:正確答案。would rather A than B 是固定句型,表示「寧願 A 也不願 B」。句子為 "I'd rather play football than watch it." 語意通順,語法完整。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 24 題2 分

Johnny didn’t like the film. He thought it was very ____.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「形容詞現在分詞(-ing)與過去分詞(-ed)的區別」,屬於英文文法中情緒動詞(emotive verbs)的用法。bore、interest、surprise、excite 等及物動詞,表示「使人感到某種情緒」時,有兩種形式:

  • -ing 形容詞:描述「引起感受的事物本身」,例如 boring(令人厭煩的)。
  • -ed 形容詞:描述「人所感受到的情緒」,例如 bored(感到厭煩的)。

判斷原則是:主詞是「造成情緒的來源」用 -ing,主詞是「感受情緒的人」用 -ed。

解題方法

本題句型為 He thought it was very ____. 其中 it 指的是 the film(電影),是引起情緒的事物,因此空格應填入描述事物性質的 -ing 形容詞。此外,very 為副詞,修飾形容詞,因此空格必須是形容詞,排除動詞形式與名詞形式。

解題步驟如下:

  1. 確認 it 指的是 the film,為「引起感受的事物」。
  2. 確認空格位於 was very ____ 之後,需要形容詞。
  3. 在形容詞中選擇表示「事物本身性質」的 -ing 形式。

選項分析

  • (A) bored:過去分詞,表示「人感到無聊」,主詞應為感受者。本題主詞是電影 it,用 bored 語意不符,且電影不會「感到無聊」。錯誤。
  • (B) bores:為動詞第三人稱單數形式(bore 的 -s 形式)或名詞複數,在 was very ____ 之後不能作形容詞,語法錯誤。錯誤。
  • (C) bore:原形動詞或名詞,不能作形容詞修飾 very,語法錯誤。錯誤。
  • (D) boring:現在分詞作形容詞,表示「令人厭煩的」,描述電影本身的性質,語意與語法皆正確。正確。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 25 題2 分

Patrick and William are colleagues. They have known each other ____.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念:現在完成式與時間長度

句中的 have known 是現在完成式,表示「從過去開始認識,並持續到現在」。描述這段持續時間時,常用 for + 一段時間;指出事情開始的時間點時,則用 since + 時間點。

解題方法

先確認空格要填的是「一段時間」還是「開始的時間點」。本句的 many years 表示多年,是一段時間,因此搭配 for:

Patrick and William are colleagues. They have known each other for many years. 派翠克和威廉是同事。他們彼此認識很多年了。

選項分析

  • (A) from last year:from 表示「從……起」,常用於描述起始點或搭配其他結構;此處用來表示認識至今的持續期間不自然。可改為 since last year。
  • (B) for many years:正確。many years 是一段時間,搭配 for,表示「已經很多年」。
  • (C) since 2001:文法上可與現在完成式搭配,表示「自 2001 年以來」。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 26 題2 分

There are ____ 50 students in our class.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查表示數量「至少」或「至多」的片語:

  • no less than:不少於、至少,表示數量下限。
  • not less than:不低於、至少,意思與 no less than 相同。
  • no more than:不多於、至多,表示數量上限。
  • not more than:不超過、至多,意思與 no more than 相同。

解題方法

句意是「我們班上有 ____ 50 位學生。」要依空格片語判斷句子是在說學生人數的下限,還是上限。這類題目通常要表達「至少有 50 位學生」,因此應選表示「不少於」的片語。

選項分析

  • (A) no less than:意為「不少於、至少」,符合句意,正確。
  • (B) not less than:同樣意為「不少於、至少」,文法上也能填入句子。此選項與 (A) 意義相同,因此本題若要求單選,題目選項存在重複答案。
  • (C) no more than:意為「不多於、至多」,表示人數上限,與「至少 50 人」不同。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 27 題2 分

Steve, ____ his friends, is going for a walk in the park.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「主詞與動詞的一致」以及附加語的用法。along with、with、together with 等片語可表示「和……一起」,但接在主詞後作附加說明時,不會改變主詞的單複數;動詞仍須與主要主詞一致。

解題方法

句子的主要主詞是單數專有名詞 Steve,動詞是 is going。空格後的 his friends 是「和他的朋友們」的附加資訊,不是並列主詞。因此應選能表示「和……一起」且符合句意的片語。

選項分析

  • (A) and:錯誤。 and 是對等連接詞,會把兩個名詞並列成複數主詞。若使用 and,應寫成 Steve and his friends are going ...,不能搭配單數動詞 is。
  • (B) along with:正確。 along with his friends 表示「和他的朋友們一起」,作附加語,不改變主詞 Steve 的單數性,故搭配 is 正確。
  • (C) with all:錯誤。 with all his friends 可表示「和他所有的朋友一起」,但題目空格後直接接 his friends,構成 with all his friends 才完整;此處選項與空格後的文字合併會成為 with all his friends,雖可成句,但其語意限定為「所有朋友」,與一般表達「和朋友一起」不同。依本題預設搭配,應選 (B)。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 28 題2 分

____ the cold weather, Paul still went swimming in the lake.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「表示讓步」的介系詞用法。句意是:「儘管天氣寒冷,Paul 還是去湖裡游泳。」空格後接名詞片語 the cold weather,因此要選能直接接名詞片語、表示「儘管」的用語。

解題方法

先看空格後的結構:the cold weather 是名詞片語。表示「儘管」的 despite 和 in spite of 都可直接接名詞片語;regardless 通常須與 of 搭配。再依選項判斷,(A) 和 (C) 都符合文法。

選項分析

  • (A) Despite:正確。 Despite + 名詞片語 表示「儘管……」。句子可寫成:Despite the cold weather, Paul still went swimming in the lake.
  • (B) Despite of:錯誤。 Despite 後面直接接名詞片語,不加 of。應寫 despite the cold weather。
  • (C) In spite of:正確。 In spite of + 名詞片語 同樣表示「儘管……」。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 29 題2 分

Mary and Nicole had ____ got to school ____ they began to study.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「幾乎一……就……」的時間連接詞,以及兩個過去動作的先後順序。Mary 和 Nicole 一到學校,隨即開始讀書,表示兩件事幾乎同時發生。

常見句型如下:

  • hardly/scarcely … when/before …:一……就……。主句常用過去完成式,後接 when 或 before,子句用過去簡單式。
  • no sooner … than …:一……就……。主句常用過去完成式,後接 than,子句用過去簡單式。
  • as soon as …:一……就……,as soon as 本身是完整連接詞,不採用「前後兩個空格各填一部分」的搭配形式。

解題方法

句子結構是:

Mary and Nicole had ____ got to school ____ they began to study.

第一個空格在助動詞 had 與過去分詞 got 之間;第二個空格連接「到校」與「開始讀書」兩個子句。依照「一到校就開始讀書」的意思,符合句型的是 hardly … when 或 no sooner … than。比較各選項的固定搭配後,選項中正確的是 no sooner … than:

Mary and Nicole had no sooner got to school than they began to study.

句意:Mary 和 Nicole 一到學校就開始讀書。

選項分析

  • (A) as soon … as:固定用法是 as soon as,必須連在一起作為一個連接詞,不能把 as soon 放在第一空、另一個 as 放在第二空來構成此句型,因此不合題目句型。
  • (B) hardly … when:文法上可構成「幾乎一……就……」的句型,但通常寫作 Mary and Nicole had hardly got to school when they began to study。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 30 題2 分

Julia can speak English well, ____ Japanese.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「更不用說、何況」的補充語氣。句子先說 Julia 英文說得很好,接著補充她也會日文,因此空格應填可表示「更不用說日文」的片語。

解題方法

先判斷前後文的邏輯:後半句 Japanese 是補充前述能力的另一個例子。適合的片語有 not to mention、not to speak of 和 to say nothing of,皆可表示「更不用說、何況」。其中最自然且常見的搭配是 not to mention:

Julia can speak English well, not to mention Japanese. Julia 英文說得很好,更不用說日文了。

選項分析

  • (A) not to mention:正確。 表示「更不用說、此外還有」,可接名詞 Japanese,補充 Julia 也會日文。
  • (B) not to speak of:錯誤。 此片語也可表示「更不用說」,但本句以單一答案選擇時,常見且自然的搭配是 not to mention。依本題預期用法,選 (A)。
  • **(C) to say nothing of:錯誤。
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第 31 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Business strategy is sometimes defined simply as a firm’s high-level plan for reaching specific business objectives. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business. Strategies reflect the firm’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and opportunities. And, they also reflect the firm’s competitors and its market. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service. In competitive industries, each firm formulates a strategy it believes it can exploit.

  1. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為英文字彙題(詞彙搭配),考的是動詞與名詞的固定搭配(collocation)。題幹論述的是策略成功時會帶來什麼結果,因此需要一個表示「導致、促成」的動詞片語。

解題方法

先看句型:「Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance.」主詞為 strategic plans(策略計畫),受詞為 business growth(企業成長)、competitive position(競爭地位)與 financial performance(財務表現),整句語意為「策略計畫成功時,會帶來企業成長、強勢競爭地位與良好財務表現」。空格處需要一個及物或可接名詞的片語,表示「導致、通往」某結果。逐一比對四個選項的語意與搭配,即可判定。

選項分析

  • (A) go by:意為「經過、依據、被稱為」。例如 go by the rules(依規則行事)。無法表達「導致成長」的意思,且與 business growth 不搭配,錯誤。
  • (B) lead to:意為「導致、通往」,為正確答案。lead to + 名詞表示結果,如 lead to growth(帶來成長)、lead to success(導向成功)。語意與搭配皆符合題意。
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第 32 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Business strategy is sometimes defined simply as a firm’s high-level plan for reaching specific business objectives. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business. Strategies reflect the firm’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and opportunities. And, they also reflect the firm’s competitors and its market. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service. In competitive industries, each firm formulates a strategy it believes it can exploit.

  1. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查相關連接詞(correlative conjunctions)​的搭配。成對使用的連接詞包括 either...or、neither...nor、both...and、not only...but also 等。空格前後的結構必須與所選連接詞的成對形式相符。

題幹句型為 "the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business",其中 "change its approach" 與 "prepare to go out of business" 是兩個並列的動詞片語,中間以 "or" 連接,表示二選一。因此空格需要填入與 "or" 成對的 either。

解題方法

  1. 找出已存在的連接詞:句中已有 "or",它是定位成對連接詞的關鍵線索。
  2. 判斷並列單位:空格後方的 "change its approach" 與 "or" 之後的 "prepare to go out of business" 是並列的兩個動作,屬於「二擇一」的語意。
  3. 配對:與 "or" 成對的只能是 either,故選 (A)。
  4. 檢查語法位置:情態助動詞 must 之後接原形動詞,either 置於 must 與原形動詞之間,句型為 "must either + 原形動詞 ... or + 原形動詞/片語",結構完整。

選項分析

  • (A) either:正確。 either...or 表示「二者擇一」,與題意「要嘛改變做法,要嘛準備歇業」相符。either 置於 must 之後、動詞之前,位置正確。

  • (B) neither:錯誤。 neither 的成對連接詞是 nor,而非 or。且 neither 表示「兩者皆非」的否定語意,與「二擇一」的題意不符。句中也沒有 nor,無法成立。

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第 33 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Business strategy is sometimes defined simply as a firm’s high-level plan for reaching specific business objectives. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business. Strategies reflect the firm’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and opportunities. And, they also reflect the firm’s competitors and its market. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service. In competitive industries, each firm formulates a strategy it believes it can exploit.

  1. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文詞彙的語意辨析,重點在於「同義/相似」與「相反/不同」的邏輯關係。句意為:即使同一產業的公司,販售的產品或服務「相似」,仍可能發展出許多不同的策略與商業模式。

解題方法

先抓住句中的邏輯轉折:「Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services.」其中 even for companies in the same industry 表示「即使是同一產業」,代表讓步語氣的前提;主句強調「許多不同的策略」。因此空格應填入表示「彼此相近、類似」的字,使「同一產業、產品相似」與「策略多樣」形成對照。

依此邏輯排除選項:

  • 若填入表示「相反」或「不同」的字,則與「同一產業」的前提語意重複或矛盾,無法構成讓步關係。
  • 填入表示「相似」的字,語意通順:即使產品相似,策略仍可能不同。

選項分析

  • (A) alike:意為「相似、一樣」,語法上可用作形容詞置於名詞後(如 products alike),但「alike」通常用於 be alike 或 look alike 等句型,或置於名詞後時語氣偏向「彼此一模一樣」,與「相似」之語感不完全吻合。本題屬於選項設計中的干擾項,故不採。
  • (B) similar:意為「類似的、相近的」,作形容詞修飾 products or services,語法與語意皆自然。句意為「即使是同一產業中販售類似產品或服務的公司,仍可有多元策略」,邏輯通順。正確。
  • (C) opposite:意為「相反的」。若產品相反,與「同一產業」之前提不符,且與讓步語意不合,錯誤。
  • (D) unlike:意為「不同的」,多作介系詞(不像……)或形容詞。句中若填入則為「selling unlike products」,語意是販售不同產品,與「same industry」之前提衝突,且無法形成讓步結構,錯誤。
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第 34 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Business strategy is sometimes defined simply as a firm’s high-level plan for reaching specific business objectives. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business. Strategies reflect the firm’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and opportunities. And, they also reflect the firm’s competitors and its market. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service. In competitive industries, each firm formulates a strategy it believes it can exploit.

  1. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文片語搭配(collocation)與介系詞的語意判斷。空格前的 strategies 後接表示「立基點」的介詞片語,正確搭配為 be based on(以……為基礎)。句中 strategies 後省略了關係代名詞與 be 動詞,還原後為 strategies [that are] based on providing low-cost transportation,意思是「以提供低成本運輸為基礎的策略」。

解題方法

先看整句的邏輯:Southwest Airlines 與 Ryanair 的策略,核心是「低成本運輸」,因此空格要表達的是策略的「依據或基礎」。接著從四個選項檢查各自的語意與固定搭配:

  1. 空格前是名詞 strategies,後接的是動名詞片語 providing low-cost transportation。
  2. 需要的語意是「策略以某事為根本」,符合 based on 的用法。
  3. 其餘選項的語意都與「以……為基礎」不符,可依此排除。

選項分析

  • (A) due to:意為「由於、歸因於」,表達因果關係。若寫成 strategies due to providing,語意變成「因為提供低成本運輸而產生的策略」,因果方向與句意不符。此外,due to 通常接在 be 動詞之後,作形容詞片語使用,不適合直接修飾 strategies。錯誤。
  • (B) according to:意為「根據、依照」,後面接的通常是資料來源或標準,例如 according to the report(根據報告)。strategies according to providing 的搭配不自然,且語意偏向「符合某標準」,不是「以某事為基礎」。錯誤。
  • (C) prevent from:意為「阻止、防止」,語意完全相反。若選此項,句意變成策略阻止了提供低成本運輸,與事實相悖。
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第 35 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Business strategy is sometimes defined simply as a firm’s high-level plan for reaching specific business objectives. Strategic plans succeed when they ____ business growth, a strong competitive position, and strong financial performance. When the high-level strategy fails, however, the firm must ____ change its approach or prepare to go out of business. Strategies reflect the firm’s strengths, vulnerabilities, resources, and opportunities. And, they also reflect the firm’s competitors and its market. Many different strategies and business models are possible, even for companies in the same industry selling ____ products or services. Southwest Airlines (in the US) and Ryan Air (in Europe), for instance, have strategies ____ providing low-cost transportation. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service. In competitive industries, each firm formulates a strategy it believes it can exploit.

  1. The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是英文字彙的語意辨析,特別是同形異義、同音或近形易混字的區分。題幹段落討論企業策略(business strategy):策略是企業為達成特定商業目標所訂定的高階計畫,成功的策略能促進業務成長、強化競爭地位與財務表現。空格所在句為:「The ____ for Singapore Airlines focuses instead on brand image for luxury and quality service.」意指新加坡航空所採取的「做法/策略」著重於奢華與高品質服務的品牌形象,與前一句「Southwest Airlines 與 Ryan Air 的策略著重於提供低成本交通」形成對比(instead)。

本題不涉及法條或公式。

解題方法

  1. 先判斷空格的詞性與語意角色。空格前有定冠詞 The,後接介系詞片語 for Singapore Airlines,因此空格應為名詞,且語意上是「新加坡航空的做法、策略」。
  2. 再看後句主詞與謂語:「focuses instead on brand image」,表示該名詞的內容是「聚焦於品牌形象」,符合「策略(strategy)」或「做法(approach)」的意涵。
  3. 因此選取能表示「做法、方式、策略」且為名詞的選項。
  4. 原文段落前後多次出現 strategy、approach 等字,可輔助判斷:第二句「the firm must ____ change its approach」即用到 approach 一詞,且段落的主題是企業策略與方法,因此 approach 最符合上下文語意。

選項分析

  • (A) reprove:動詞,意為「斥責、責備」,詞性與語意皆不合,空格需要名詞,且與「策略」無關,錯誤。
  • (B) approve:動詞(批准、認可),作名詞時意思極少用且不為此語境,錯誤。
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第 36 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Carrie joined a weight-loss center last summer. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks. Carrie secretly loved a pop star. She adored him so much that she had almost every album of his. Though she never revealed her secret to us, we were fully aware of her fascination with him. ____ he had a concert, she went to it. She was so obsessed with him that, as soon as she knew he liked slim girls, she enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart. To attain her goal, she was willing to pay whatever price she had to. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____.

  1. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是固定句型(correlative conjunctions,成對連接詞)​的搭配。「not so much A as B」意為「與其說是 A,不如說是 B」,用來強調 B 才是真正的原因或重點。空格前後分別是 "not so much for health" 與 "for good looks",兩者結構平行,因此空格需填入與 "not so much" 搭配的連接詞。

解題方法

  1. 先辨識句型:看到 "not so much" 時,要聯想到固定搭配 "as",即 "not so much A as B"。
  2. 檢查平行結構:空格前是 "for health",空格後是 "for good looks",兩個介系詞片語都由 for 引導,符合 "A as B" 的平行要求。
  3. 以語意驗證:譯為「她參加這個課程與其說是為了健康,不如說是為了外表」,語意通順,且與上下文「她想減重以吸引偶像」的動機相符。

選項分析

  • (A) as【正確】:與 "not so much" 構成固定句型 "not so much A as B",表示「與其說是 A,不如說是 B」。
  • (B) but【錯誤】:"but" 常與 "not only ... but also" 或單純的 "not A but B" 搭配,但 "not so much" 不會接 "but" 形成固定比較結構。此處並非 "not A but B" 的句型,因此不成立。
  • (C) so【錯誤】:"so" 不能與 "not so much" 配成比較或對照結構,"not so much ... so" 不符合英文語法。
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第 37 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Carrie joined a weight-loss center last summer. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks. Carrie secretly loved a pop star. She adored him so much that she had almost every album of his. Though she never revealed her secret to us, we were fully aware of her fascination with him. ____ he had a concert, she went to it. She was so obsessed with him that, as soon as she knew he liked slim girls, she enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart. To attain her goal, she was willing to pay whatever price she had to. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____.

  1. ____ he had a concert, she went to it.
這一題的完整詳解

【題目焦點】 句子:____ he had a concert, she went to it.(__他開演唱會,她就去。)

核心觀念

本題考的是複合關係副詞(compound relative adverbs)​與連接詞用法。空格位於子句句首,需要引導一個表示「時間」的副詞子句,語意為「每當……就……」。

四個選項的語法與語意區別如下:

  • However:意為「然而、無論如何」,作副詞或連接副詞時表示對比或讓步,不引導時間子句。
  • Whatever:意為「無論什麼」,引導名詞子句或讓步子句,修飾名詞時意為「任何」,不表示時間。
  • Whenever:意為「無論何時、每當」,可引導時間副詞子句,表示「每次發生時,就……」。
  • Whichever:意為「無論哪一個」,強調從有限選項中選擇,與時間無關。

解題方法

切入點:先判斷空格後子句的功能,再比對選項語意。

  1. 空格後接完整子句 he had a concert,且後半句 she went to it 是主句,因此空格處需要的是從屬連接詞或複合關係副詞,引導時間副詞子句。
  2. 整段文意是 Carrie 只要偶像開演唱會,她就一定去參加,描述的是「重複發生的習慣行為」。
  3. 具備「每當」語意且能引導時間子句的選項只有 Whenever。

關鍵推導: Whenever=every time⇒每當他開演唱會,她就去\text{Whenever} = \text{every time} \Rightarrow \text{每當他開演唱會,她就去}

因此選 (C)。

選項分析

(A) However ✗ However 作為連接副詞時表示「然而、不過」,語意是轉折,與上下文「她是粉絲,所以每次都去」的因果、習慣關係不符。它也無法直接引導「每當……」的時間子句。

(B) Whatever ✗ Whatever 表示「無論什麼」,後面接的通常是名詞或 that 子句,例如 Whatever you want。它不表示時間,語意上無法構成「每當他開演唱會」。

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第 38 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Carrie joined a weight-loss center last summer. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks. Carrie secretly loved a pop star. She adored him so much that she had almost every album of his. Though she never revealed her secret to us, we were fully aware of her fascination with him. ____ he had a concert, she went to it. She was so obsessed with him that, as soon as she knew he liked slim girls, she enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart. To attain her goal, she was willing to pay whatever price she had to. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____.

  1. She enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart.
這一題的完整詳解

【答案】B

核心觀念

本題考的是固定搭配與片語用法,屬於詞彙辨識題。空格前的 with the ____ of losing weight 是固定句型,意思是「懷著……的目的/意圖去做某事」。需要辨識的關鍵片語為 with the intention of + V-ing(懷著……的意圖),其中 intention 為名詞,搭配介系詞 of,後接動名詞。

解題方法

先由語意判斷。Carrie 報名減重班,目的是「減重並贏得他的心」,這是她主動規劃的目標,因此空格應填入表達「目的、意圖」的名詞。

接著從句型判斷。空格後接 of losing weight,須與 of 構成正確搭配。intention of doing 是標準用法,符合句意與文法。

選項分析

(A) explanation(解釋):意思為說明、理由。句中語意不通,不能表達 Carrie 的目的。搭配 explanation 通常為 explanation for(對……的解釋),不接 with the explanation of。錯誤。

(B) intention(意圖、打算):with the intention of doing sth 意為「懷著做某事的意圖」,語意與文法皆完全符合。正確。

(C) impression(印象):意為印象、感覺。語意上與「減重的目的」無關,且 with the impression of 不是常見搭配。錯誤。

(D) inclination(傾向、喜好):常見搭配為 inclination to / toward(傾向於),表達的是性格或偏好,而非具體的行動目的。此處若改為 with the inclination of losing weight 語意不通,且文法不自然。錯誤。

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第 39 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Carrie joined a weight-loss center last summer. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks. Carrie secretly loved a pop star. She adored him so much that she had almost every album of his. Though she never revealed her secret to us, we were fully aware of her fascination with him. ____ he had a concert, she went to it. She was so obsessed with him that, as soon as she knew he liked slim girls, she enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart. To attain her goal, she was willing to pay whatever price she had to. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____.

  1. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「介系詞片語固定搭配」與「副詞片語在句尾的語意功能」。空格位於列舉結構 "sweets, ice cream ____" 之後,需要一個能表示「在眾多項目中特別指出其中一項」的片語。

解題方法

先看句意:Carrie 為了減肥,少吃甜食與冰淇淋。空格前列出 sweets(甜食)與 ice cream(冰淇淋),可見冰淇淋是甜食中的一個典型例子,句子要強調的是「甜食,尤其是冰淇淋」。因此空格應填入表示「尤其、特別」的片語,即 in particular。

選項分析

  • (A) in debt:意為「負債、欠債」。句中沒有任何與金錢或借貸相關的語意,語意完全不合。
  • (B) in person:意為「親自、本人」,常用於 "meet someone in person"。句中沒有需要「親自」完成的動作,語意不合。
  • (C) in itself:意為「本身、本質上」,用來強調某事物自身的性質,例如 "The task is not difficult in itself."。此處若填入,句意變成「甜食與冰淇淋本身」,無法表達列舉中特別指出一項的語意,也不符合句子結構。
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第 40 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 Carrie joined a weight-loss center last summer. She took part in the program not so much for health ____ for good looks. Carrie secretly loved a pop star. She adored him so much that she had almost every album of his. Though she never revealed her secret to us, we were fully aware of her fascination with him. ____ he had a concert, she went to it. She was so obsessed with him that, as soon as she knew he liked slim girls, she enrolled in the weight-loss class, with the ____ of losing weight and winning his heart. To attain her goal, she was willing to pay whatever price she had to. She also started to eat less and exercise more, so she cut down on sweets, ice cream ____. As a result of her persistence and hard work, she made her dream come true. Today she is ____ she used to be. Nobody believes that she weighed 100 kilograms a year ago.

  1. Today she is ____ she used to be. Nobody believes that she weighed 100 kilograms a year ago.
這一題的完整詳解

【第 40 題詳解】

核心觀念

本題考「倍數比較」句型。英文表示「是某物的幾分之幾」時,常用「分數/倍數 + as + 形容詞 + as」結構,例如 twice as heavy as(重兩倍)、half as heavy as(只有一半重)。此結構中,half 是修飾整個比較結構的副詞,不是形容詞,因此不能與 less 疊用,也不能插在 as 之後。

解題方法

題意為「今天她的體重只有以前的一半」,故需要「half + as + heavy + as」的倍數比較句型。解題步驟如下:

  1. 判斷語意:現在體重=12×過去體重\text{現在體重} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{過去體重},屬於倍數比較。
  2. 檢查句型:正確結構為 half as heavy as,即「只有……的一半重」。
  3. 逐項排除結構錯誤的選項。

選項分析

  • (A) half as heavy as:正確。half 修飾 as heavy as 整個比較結構,表示「只有……的一半」。句意為「今天她只有以前的一半重」,語意與後句「一年前她重達 100 公斤」相呼應。

  • (B) half less heavy as:錯誤。less 是比較級,不能與表示倍數的 half 並列。此外,less heavy 後接的應是 than,不是 as,因此 less heavy as 的搭配也錯誤。

  • (C) less half as heavy as:錯誤。less 不能修飾 half as heavy as 這類倍數結構,語序也顛倒。

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第 41 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods? Many nutritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply disagree that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understand the need for a healthy diet, I think he/she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster’s yearly physical exam. It should contain at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

  1. The passage is mainly about ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「文章主旨」(main idea / main purpose)的判斷。主旨題的關鍵在於找出作者反覆論述、貫穿全文的核心論點,而非僅挑出文中出現頻率高的名詞。本文以鐵質攝取為主軸:作者提出「如何讓年輕人多攝取富含鐵的食物」這個問題,接著指出強化食品(fortification)之外,應加強青少年營養教育,並具體建議定期檢測血紅素、減少高度加工食品、增加肝臟與紅肉等含鐵食物,最後強調均衡飲食能確保攝取足量鐵質及其他必需營養素。

解題方法

先看首段提出的問題與作者立場,再掃視各段的主要論述:第一段談營養教育與飲食習慣改變,第二段談食物選擇與標示,第三段談均衡飲食。三段的共同焦點都是「如何讓人攝取足夠的鐵」,因此文章主旨是「鐵的需求(需要攝取足夠的鐵)」。其他選項雖在文中出現,但都只是達成此目標的手段或細節,不是全文中心。

選項分析

  • (A) the need of iron(鐵的需求):正確。全文由「如何增加鐵質攝取」出發,血紅素檢測、含鐵食物、強化麵粉、全穀類等建議皆圍繞鐵質需求展開,符合主旨。
  • (B) blood hemoglobin(血紅素):錯誤。血紅素只出現在第二段「建議例行檢測血紅素」的具體措施中,屬於細節或手段,不足以概括全文。
  • (C) the importance of diet(飲食的重要性):錯誤。此選項範圍過大。文章確實重視飲食,但全文談的是特定營養素(鐵)的攝取,而非泛論飲食整體。它較像次要的支持論點,不是特定主旨,且與「鐵」這個核心缺少直接對應。
  • (D) adolescents eating habits(青少年飲食習慣):錯誤。
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第 42 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods? Many nutritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply disagree that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understand the need for a healthy diet, I think he/she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster’s yearly physical exam. It should contain at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

  1. The author recommends that young people ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題屬於閱讀測驗中的「作者建議(author recommends)」題型,考的是能否從文章中準確找出作者明確提出的具體建議,並與干擾選項區分。文章第一段與第二段後半都有具體做法,考生需辨認哪一項是作者實際主張,而非文章順帶提及的情境。

解題方法

本題應直接鎖定文章中以 "As for specific actions, I suggest..." 引導的段落。作者在此明確寫出:

"blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster's yearly physical exam."

這句與選項 (B) 幾乎逐字對應,因此以文本定位法即可確定答案,不需推論。解題順序為:先找作者用 "I suggest" "should" "Try" "Read the labels" 等建議性語句,再逐一比對選項。

選項分析

  • (A) lose weight:錯誤。文中 "even when you are trying to lose weight" 只是描述一種情境,作者的意思是「即使想減重,仍應維持均衡飲食」,並非建議年輕人減重。
  • (B) check blood hemoglobin yearly:正確。作者建議將血紅素檢查列為每年體檢的例行項目,與 "yearly physical exam" 完全吻合。
  • (C) be on a strictly vegetarian diet:錯誤。作者建議「加入肝臟、雞肉、牛肉、小牛肉等」,與嚴格素食的主張相反。文末強調的是 "a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods" 的均衡飲食。
  • (D) do some more studies on food processing and nutrition:錯誤。
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第 43 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods? Many nutritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply disagree that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understand the need for a healthy diet, I think he/she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster’s yearly physical exam. It should contain at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

  1. The author says that the appropriate way to lose weight is ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為閱讀測驗中的「細節題」,考的是文章中明確陳述的資訊定位能力。題幹問的是「減重的適當方法」,因此關鍵在於找出文章中與「weight loss(減重)」直接相關的句子。文章的主旨圍繞「青少年如何攝取更多富含鐵質的食物」,減重只出現在第三段,屬於補充性的論述。

解題方法

  1. 先鎖定題眼「lose weight」,回到原文快速掃描,定位到第三段開頭:「even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods.」
  2. 作者的主張是:即使在減重時,也應維持「均衡飲食、多樣化、以新鮮或僅經輕度加工的食物為主」。這正是選項 (C) 的內容,語意與原文一致。
  3. 其餘段落的建議(如減少高度加工食品、檢查血紅素、增加肉類)都是針對「補充鐵質」而提出,並非減重的方法。因此解題時應將「鐵質攝取」與「減重」兩個論述分開判斷。

選項分析

  • (A) to eat vegetables and eggs:錯誤。文中沒有提到蔬菜與雞蛋。作者提到的食物是 liver(肝臟)、chicken(雞肉)、beef(牛肉)、veal(小牛肉)等肉類,且是為了增加鐵質,並非減重方法。此選項屬於「張冠李戴」的誘答。
  • (B) to cut out highly processed foods and drinks:錯誤。原文確實建議「青少年與所有人都應減少高度加工的食物與飲料」,但其理由是這些食物「may be low in iron and other nutrients」(鐵質與其他營養素可能偏低),並非為了減重。把「正確的句子」套用到錯誤的情境,是此類題目的常見陷阱。
  • (C) to eat a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods:正確。
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第 44 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods? Many nutritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply disagree that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understand the need for a healthy diet, I think he/she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster’s yearly physical exam. It should contain at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

  1. What kind of bakery products do young people have to eat?
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解,重點是從文章中找出與題目相對應的訊息。題目問年輕人應吃哪一類烘焙食品,須留意文章對 bakery products 的具體建議。

解題方法

文章第二段指出:「Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains.」意思是,特別要確認所有烘焙食品是用營養強化麵粉或全穀製成。

題目問「年輕人必須吃哪一種烘焙食品?」選項中,符合原文建議的是全穀製成的麵包(A),以及營養強化麵粉製成的麵包(D)。由於原文以 or 連接兩種選擇,兩者都符合;然而題目是單選題,因此無法在 A 與 D 之間唯一作答,題目選項設計有瑕疵。

選項分析

  • (A) Bread made with whole grains. 全穀製成的麵包,符合原文「made with … whole grains」。
  • (B) Bread containing less calories. 熱量較低的麵包,文章沒有提到低熱量。
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第 45 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 How do we get more young people to increase their consumption of iron-rich foods? Many nutritionists are advocating the fortification of a number of foods. This may help, but I contend that we should also intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people. I simply disagree that it is futile to try to change eating habits. Once an intelligent person—and this includes adolescents—understand the need for a healthy diet, I think he/she will act accordingly. As for specific actions, I suggest that blood hemoglobin should be checked as a routine part of a youngster’s yearly physical exam. It should contain at least 12 grams for a boy. If it is any lower, the physician probably will prescribe an easily absorbed iron supplement.

Adolescents—and everyone else—should cut out highly processed foods and drinks, which may be low in iron and other nutrients. Read the labels for iron content. Especially make sure that all bakery products are made with enriched flour or whole grains. Try adding liver, chicken, beef, veal or any other variety to the weekly menu.

Finally, even when you are trying to lose weight, always eat a sensible, well-balanced diet made up of a variety of fresh or very lightly processed foods. This way, you stand a good chance of getting not only enough iron, but also adequate amounts of all the other essential nutrients.

  1. When the author says that “we should intensify our efforts in nutrition education among our young people,” he means that we should ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解中的「依上下文判斷作者用意」。題目問作者主張加強年輕人的營養教育,實際上要從全文找出這項教育的目的與內容。

解題方法

先讀題幹中的關鍵句:作者認為,只要年輕人了解健康飲食的必要性,就會採取相應行動。後文接著提出具體做法,包括檢查血紅素、減少高度加工食品、閱讀食品標示、選擇含鐵食物,以及維持均衡飲食。全文核心是改善飲食習慣,攝取足夠的鐵與其他必需營養素。

選項分析

  • (A) tell young people to eat liver, chicken, beef or veal 文中確實建議把肝臟、雞肉、牛肉、小牛肉等加入每週菜單,但這只是增加含鐵食物的其中一項具體措施,不能完整概括營養教育的目的。

  • (B) advise young people to keep healthy, well-balanced diets 符合文意的一部分。作者在末段主張維持合理、均衡且多樣化的飲食,但全文也強調改善飲食習慣,以獲得足夠的鐵和其他必需營養素;此選項概括得不如 (C) 完整。

  • (C) try to change eating habits to get enough iron and other essential nutrients 正確。

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第 46 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the Northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods... They were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

  1. The Indians’ chief purpose in writing the letter seems to ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題屬於「文章主旨」題型,考的是作者寫作目的的判斷。作者(此處為 Six Nations 印第安人代表)是為了回應 William and Mary College 的入學邀請,因此要辨識回應的語氣與立場:先表達感謝,再婉拒,最後以反向提議作結。考生需區分「寫作目的」與「文中提到的細節」。

解題方法

採用「先定立場、再找依據」的方法:

  1. 第一段先說明對方的好意("we are convinced that you mean to do us good"),並承認對方學問的價值。
  2. 第二段轉折,說明教育方式的差異("different nations have different ways of looking at things"),並以過去經驗說明不採用的理由("they were totally good for nothing")。
  3. 第三段表達感謝但仍 "refuse to accept it",最後提出回贈的建議。

整體脈絡是「感謝 → 婉拒 → 附帶反向提議」,因此主旨為禮貌地拒絕一項善意提議。

選項分析

  • (A) politely refuse a friendly offer ✔ 正確。文中多處使用 "thank you heartily"、"not the less obliged" 等禮貌用語,同時明確表示 "we refuse to accept it"。「禮貌」與「拒絕」兩個關鍵詞都與全文相符,且「friendly offer」即 William and Mary 的善意邀請。
  • (B) express their opinions on equal treatment ✘ 錯誤。文中確實提到「不同民族有不同看法」,最後也提出 "if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons",帶有對等交換的意味,但這只是結尾的附帶建議,並非寫作的核心目的。文中從未以「平等待遇」為主題展開論述。
  • (C) describe Indian customs ✘ 錯誤。
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第 47 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the Northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods... They were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

  1. Different from the officials’ view of education, the Indians thought ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題為閱讀測驗(題組),考點在於辨識文本中「兩方對教育目的(goals of education)的不同看法」。文本脈絡是美國殖民時期(1774 年)維吉尼亞與馬里蘭官員邀請六族(Six Nations)印第安人送子弟至威廉與瑪麗學院(William and Mary College)就讀,印第安人婉拒並提出自己的教育觀。本題不涉及法條或公式。

解題方法

題幹問的是:「與官員的教育觀不同,印第安人認為____。」因此解題重點在於找出印第安人對教育的核心主張,並與官員所重視的「學問與科學(learning and sciences)」比較。

文本關鍵句有三處:

  1. 官員方面:官員重視的是 "the kind of learning taught in your colleges"(學院所教授的學問),並希望 "do us good"(對他們有益)。
  2. 印第安人方面:"different nations have different ways of looking at things"(不同民族看事情的方式不同),且 "our ideas of this kind of education" 與官方不同。
  3. 印第安人的具體主張:"we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them"(我們會教他們所知的一切,把他們培養成真正的男人)。另外,北方學院畢業的年輕人 "were totally good for nothing"(完全派不上用場),因為他們不懂在森林中的生存之道。

綜合可知:官員的目標是讓印第安子弟學習歐洲式的學問與科學;印第安人的目標則是培養能在自然環境中生存、有能力、能獨立生活的人,也就是教育的目的本身不同。

選項分析

  • (A) they taught different branches of science:錯誤。文本並未指出印第安人教授的是不同的科學分支。印第安人想教的是 "all we know"(所知的一切)與生存技能,而非「不同的科學學科」。此選項只抓到「教學內容不同」的表面,卻未觸及「目的」。

  • (B) young men should be educated in sciences:錯誤。這正是官員的立場(官員提供 "the kind of learning taught in your colleges"),且印第安人明確批評曾接受科學教育的年輕人 "were totally good for nothing"。因此此選項反而是官員的觀點,不是印第安人的觀點。

  • (C) they had different goals of education:正確。文本明示 "different nations have different ways of looking at things",並指出 "our ideas of this kind of education" 與官方不同。

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第 48 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the Northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods... They were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

  1. The tone of the letter is best described as ____.
這一題的完整詳解

第 48 題詳解

核心觀念

本題考的是「語氣(tone)」的判斷,屬於英文閱讀中的篇章理解題。作者語氣來自用字選擇、句型與整體態度,而非單一句子。本段為美國殖民時期(1774 年)六部聯盟(Six Nations)印第安人對維吉尼亞等殖民政府邀請子弟入學的書面回覆。語氣判斷不需任何法條或公式。

解題方法

回覆信的結構可分為三段:

  1. 第一段先肯定對方的好意("We know that you have a high opinion..."、"We are convinced that you mean to do us good... and we thank you heartily"),並以"you will therefore not be offended"顧及對方感受,語氣有禮。
  2. 中段委婉說明不接受的理由("They were totally good for nothing"),雖直陳缺點,但措辭仍以"different nations have different ways of looking at things"緩和。
  3. 末段以"we refuse to accept it"表明拒絕,卻以"to show our grateful sense of it"表示感謝,並提出回禮方案。

綜合全段,作者的態度是禮貌、尊重、感謝,同時堅定拒絕。因此最適合的語氣描述即為 polite(有禮貌的)。

選項分析

  • (A) requiring(要求的):信中並未對對方提出任何強制或命令性要求。雖然作者要求對方"send us a dozen of their sons",但這是交換條件式的建議,且整體語氣並非強硬命令,故不符。
  • (B) pleasant(令人愉快的):本段拒絕邀請,並直陳前人教育的失敗("totally good for nothing"),內容並不讓人愉快。pleasant 偏重使人感到愉悅,與拒絕的內容衝突,故不正確。
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第 49 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the Northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods... They were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

  1. This passage is about ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀測驗的主旨判斷。作答時要掌握全文主要談論的內容,而不是只挑出文中出現的某個細節。

解題方法

文章先說明官員邀請印第安人派孩子到威廉與瑪麗學院就讀,接著引述印第安人的回覆:他們感謝邀請,但認為學院教育不符合自身需求,因為受過這類教育的年輕人回到部落後,不擅長在森林中生活。最後,他們提出反向邀請,願意教導維吉尼亞官員的兒子印第安人的知識與技能。

因此,全文核心是印第安人與官員就教育方式交換看法,並藉由雙方的邀請呈現不同教育觀念。

選項分析

  • (A) the conflict between the Americans and the Indians(美國人與印第安人之間的衝突):錯誤。文章沒有描述雙方發生衝突,而是以禮貌的方式討論教育邀請。
  • (B) exchanging ideas between the Indians and the officials(印第安人與官員之間交換想法):正確。官員提出學院教育的邀請,印第安人則說明自己的觀點,並提出反向邀請,符合全文主旨。
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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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第 50 題2 分

【題組共用題幹】 On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the Northern provinces; they were taught all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods... They were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

  1. According to the letter, the Indians believed that ____.
這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查閱讀理解,須從信件內容推論印第安人對教育方式的看法。關鍵在於比較兩種教育的目的與成效:學院教育教導「all your sciences」,但受教育的年輕人回到部落後,既不擅長在森林中奔跑,也不懂得在森林生活的方法;印第安人因此認為,學院教育沒有培養出適合他們生活所需的人才。

解題方法

先定位信件中說明拒絕原因的句子。印第安人表示,他們尊重對方的好意,也感謝邀請;拒絕的理由是雙方對教育的看法不同。接著,信中舉出過去送青年到學院受教育的例子:學成後,青年不熟悉森林生活,甚至被形容為「totally good for nothing」。最後又提議由維吉尼亞官員送兒子到部落,由印第安人教導他們所知的事,並「make men of them」。

這些內容顯示,印第安人認為自己的教育方式更符合年輕人在部落生活所需,對應選項 (B)。

選項分析

  • (A) they were being insulted by the offer 錯。信中明確表示理解對方是「mean to do us good」,並「thank you heartily」,也稱對方的提議是「kind offer」。他們拒絕的是教育方式,而不是認為受到侮辱。

  • (B) they had a better way of educating young men 對。印第安人認為學院教育未能讓青年掌握森林生活所需的技能,並提出由他們來教育維吉尼亞官員的兒子,顯示他們認為自己的教育方式更能培養適合其生活環境的人。

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後續完整解題步驟與【答案】

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