107 關務特考四等 紡織工程 英文 考古題詳解
第 1 題
The police have tried to bring him to ____, but his slick lawyers always get the case thrown out of court.
核心觀念
本題考固定搭配 bring someone to justice,意為「將某人繩之以法、使其接受法律制裁」。句中提到警方試圖處理他,但他的律師總能讓案件被法院駁回,語意上正是警方想讓他接受司法制裁。
解題方法
先看空格前的 bring him to,判斷需要填入能與 bring someone to 搭配、且符合「依法追究」語意的名詞。四個選項中,只有 justice 能構成慣用語 bring someone to justice。
句意:警方一直試圖將他繩之以法,但他精明的律師總能讓案件在法院被駁回。
選項分析
- (A) law:bring someone to law 不是「將某人繩之以法」的慣用搭配。
第 2 題
Many people are hooked on horror movies; they love to be scared ____.
核心觀念
本題考固定慣用語 be scared out of one’s wits,意思是「嚇得魂飛魄散、嚇得驚慌失措」。句中描述人們喜歡看恐怖片,也喜歡被嚇得魂不附體,語意前後一致。
解題方法
先看空格前的 be scared,判斷空格應補上能表達「害怕到什麼程度」的片語。out of one’s wits 是固定搭配,表示受到驚嚇後極度慌亂,放入句中語意完整:
Many people are hooked on horror movies; they love to be scared out of their wits. 許多人沉迷於恐怖片;他們喜歡被嚇得魂飛魄散。
選項分析
- (A) out of their wits:正確。 be scared out of one’s wits 是慣用語,意為「被嚇得魂飛魄散」。句中的 their 指前面的 Many people。
第 3 題
____ you rather go to the movie with us or stay at home tonight?
核心觀念
本題考「Would you rather A or B?」句型,用來詢問對方比較想選哪一種。rather 在這裡表示「較願意、寧可」,後面接原形動詞。
句型為:
解題方法
空格後是主詞 you,接著是 rather go ... or stay ...,可判斷句子是在詢問「你比較想……,還是……?」應使用 Would you rather ... or ...?。因此選 (B) Would。
選項分析
- (A) Could:
Could you ...?常用來詢問能力或提出客氣請求,但不構成詢問偏好的標準句型Would you rather ... or ...?。 - (B) Would:正確。
第 4 題
It is generally believed that examinations are not the only means of ____ a student's ability.
一般普遍認為,考試並非評估學生能力的唯一途徑。
核心觀念
- 高頻動賓搭配詞(Collocation):考查「動詞+名詞受詞」的語意搭配。題幹受詞為
a student's ability(學生的能力),空格需填入能與「能力」合宜搭配且符合「考試(examinations)」功能的動詞。 - 介系詞後接動名詞結構:片語
a means of + V-ing中,means為單複數同形名詞(此處由the only修飾,表單數「手段/方法」),其後接介系詞of與動名詞,表示「做某事的方法」。
解題方法
- 剖析句型結構:
It is generally believed that...為典型虛主詞句型,真主詞為that引導的名詞子句,意為「普遍認為……」。- 子句主詞為
examinations(考試),主要動詞為are not,補語為the only means of...(唯一的途徑)。
- 掌握語境邏輯與線索:
- 句意焦點在於「考試(examinations)」對於「學生的能力(a student's ability)」所具備的功能。
- 考試的核心教育功能為「測驗、檢定、評估」,因此空格必須選擇具備「評估/測量」語意的動詞。
- 四個選項中,僅動詞 assess(評估、評量)能與
ability形成標準搭配(assess one's ability),文意通順且符合教育學術語境。
選項分析
- (A) assuming:錯誤。
動詞
assume意為「假定、設想」或「承擔(責任、角色)」。若填入此處,句意變成「假定/設想學生的能力」,語意不合邏輯,亦非考試之功能。 - (B) overseeing:錯誤。
第 5 題
The manager demands a ____ reply from his coworkers when he sends them a message because he hates to wait.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的語意與搭配。句中的 because he hates to wait(因為他討厭等待)說明主管要求同事回覆時,重視的是回覆的速度。
解題方法
空格修飾名詞 reply(回覆)。根據「討厭等待」可判斷,主管要求的是「迅速的回覆」;prompt 可表示「迅速的、即時的」,符合句意與搭配。
選項分析
- (A) distinct:不同的、清楚可辨的。通常形容差異或特徵,不能表達「迅速回覆」。
- (B) mutual:相互的、彼此的。
第 6 題
The doctor ____ some painkillers for my backache after a thorough checkup.
核心觀念
本題考查動詞的語意與搭配詞。句意是:「醫生仔細檢查後,為我的背痛開了某種止痛藥。」表示醫師開藥,常用 prescribe medicine,意為「開立、處方藥物」。
解題方法
先看空格後的受詞 some painkillers(一些止痛藥),再結合主詞 The doctor(醫生)判斷:醫生在檢查後對病人做的合理處置,是開立止痛藥,因此應填 prescribed。
選項分析
- (A) prescribed:正確。 prescribe medicine/painkillers 表示「開藥、開立處方」,符合醫生檢查後為病人處理背痛的語境。
- **(B) nominated:錯誤。
第 7 題
Lack of financial resources, the political activists had no choice but using a low-tech ____ form to publish their newspapers.
核心觀念
本題考形近字與詞義辨析。句意是:因為缺乏經費,政治活動人士只好採用一種低科技的「替代方式」來出版報紙。空格後的 form 是名詞,前面的形容詞要能表達「替代的、代替方案的」意思。
解題方法
先抓句意中的因果關係:Lack of financial resources 表示缺乏財務資源,因此他們無法採用理想或較高科技的出版方式,只能改用另一種方式。能表達「替代的」是 alternative,故選項 (A) 符合語意與句型。
句首的 Lack of financial resources 是獨立分詞片語,表示「由於缺乏財務資源」;had no choice but using 表示「別無選擇,只能採用」。
選項分析
- (A) alternative:正確。 意為「替代的、供選擇的」。an alternative form 指「一種替代形式/方式」,符合缺乏經費而改採低科技方式的語境。
- **(B) alternate:錯誤。
第 8 題
The UN Security Council called for an immediate and ____ humanitarian cease-fire in the Gaza war between Israel and Hamas.
【題幹翻譯】 聯合國安全理事會呼籲在以色列與哈瑪斯的加薩戰爭中,立即實施無條件的人道停火。
核心觀念
- 文意邏輯與上下文語境(Contextual Clues):依據國際新聞常態語境,推敲國際組織(聯合國安理會)針對武裝衝突所提出的停火訴求性質。
- 對等連接詞之平行結構(Parallel Structure):對等連接詞
and兩側連接語意方向相符的修飾語(immediate and ____共同修飾humanitarian cease-fire)。 - 國際政治與軍事新聞常見搭配詞(Collocations):掌握軍事調停常用術語(如「無條件停火」unconditional cease-fire)。
解題方法
- 剖析句子結構:
- 主詞:
The UN Security Council(聯合國安全理事會) - 動詞片語:
called for(呼籲、要求) - 受詞中心詞:
cease-fire(停火) - 修飾語:
an immediate and ____ humanitarian為形容詞結構,由and連接兩個形容詞,共同修飾名詞片語humanitarian cease-fire(人道停火)。
- 語意邏輯推導:
- 聯合國安理會針對戰火造成的平民危機介入斡旋,必然希望交戰雙方放下敵意,以最高人道原則優先停止交火。
immediate(立即的)表達時效急迫性,空格處須填入一個性質正向、能與之並列以加強停火效力、且符合外交辭令常規的形容詞。
選項分析
- (A) dispensable(形容詞)
- 字義:非必要的、可有可無的(動詞
dispense with「免除、省去」+ 形容詞字尾-able;常見衍生字為indispensable「不可或缺的」)。 - 錯誤原因:若填入此處,句意變為「呼籲一項可有可無的停火」,完全違背安理會試圖緩解戰局人道危機的初衷,語意荒謬且不符國際法與外交常理。
第 9 題
Each February, people flock to Japan for the Snow Festival in order to see the hundreds of ice ____ and statues carved by ice artists.
核心觀念
本題考單字詞義與上下文判斷。句意是:每年二月,人們湧向日本參加雪祭,欣賞冰雕藝術家雕刻的數百件冰製「____」與雕像。空格應填表示「雕塑、雕刻品」的名詞。
解題方法
關鍵線索是後面的 statues(雕像)以及 carved by ice artists(由冰雕藝術家雕刻)。前面的名詞應與雕像同屬藝術作品,且能搭配 ice 表示冰製作品,因此選 sculptures(雕塑、雕刻品)。
選項分析
- (A) summits:summit 是「山頂、峰會」。ice summits 不符合冰雕展品的語意。
第 10 題
Russia faces more ____ from the European Union over the Ukraine crisis, but the action likely will hurt EU economies.
核心觀念
本題考字義辨析與句意判讀。句子談俄羅斯、歐盟與烏克蘭危機,並指出相關行動可能傷害歐盟經濟,因此空格應填入表示「制裁」的名詞 sanctions。
解題方法
先看句意:俄羅斯因烏克蘭危機,面臨歐盟採取更多措施;這些措施可能也會傷害歐盟經濟。對國家採取、且可能造成經濟損失的措施,最符合語境的是「制裁」。
句型為「face more + 複數名詞」,意為「面臨更多……」;sanctions 是可數名詞複數,文法與語意皆相符。
選項分析
- (A) delinquents:指「違法者、行為不良者」,通常用來稱呼人,不能自然表示俄羅斯面臨更多的某種經濟措施。
第 11 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Slow Food movement was initiated when a European journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that a fast-food restaurant had opened in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was tragic that many people today live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal and only eat ____ fast food. He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement. ____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook ____ traditional recipes. As member Jon Winge says, "I think it's such a cool idea. You support the people who produce beautiful products for you.”
核心觀念
本題考副詞與形容詞的用法,關鍵在於判斷空格修飾的是動詞,還是描述人的狀態。句型是:
live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal 忙得連坐下來好好吃頓飯的時間都沒有
解題方法
空格位於動詞 live 之後,用來說明人過日子的狀態;後面的 too ... to ... 表示「太……以致於不能……」。此處需要副詞修飾動詞,故選 quickly,表示「生活得太匆忙」。
選項分析
第 12 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Slow Food movement was initiated when a European journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that a fast-food restaurant had opened in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was tragic that many people today live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal and only eat ____ fast food. He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement. ____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook ____ traditional recipes. As member Jon Winge says, "I think it's such a cool idea. You support the people who produce beautiful products for you.”
核心觀念:複合分詞形容詞(Compound Adjectives)與主被動判斷
本題測驗「分詞作形容詞」修飾名詞的用法,特別是「名詞/副詞 + 分詞」構成的「複合形容詞」,核心在於判斷修飾對象與動詞動作之間的「主動」或「被動」關係:
- 現在分詞():表「主動進行」或「具備某種主動特質」。
- 過去分詞():表「被動接受」或「已完成狀態」。
解題方法
- 分析句子結構與空格位置 原句節錄:
"...and only eat ____ fast food."
空格位於及物動詞 eat(吃)之後、名詞片語 fast food(速食)之前。此處需要一個形容詞來修飾後方的名詞 fast food。
- 判斷修飾對象的主被動邏輯
- 被修飾名詞為
fast food(速食)。 - 動作為
mass-produce(大量生產)。 - 速食本身無法主動進行生產,而是「被工廠或企業大量生產」出來的產物,兩者為被動關係(Fast food is mass-produced.)。
- 因此,動詞必須轉化為過去分詞複合形容詞
mass-produced,語意為「大量生產的」。
選項分析
- (A) mass-producing(錯誤) 為「名詞 + 現在分詞」構成的複合形容詞,具有「主動生產」之意。若使用此選項,語意會變成「會主動進行大量生產的速食」,邏輯不通且主被動關係顛倒。
第 13 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Slow Food movement was initiated when a European journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that a fast-food restaurant had opened in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was tragic that many people today live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal and only eat ____ fast food. He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement. ____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook ____ traditional recipes. As member Jon Winge says, "I think it's such a cool idea. You support the people who produce beautiful products for you.”
核心觀念
本題考查英文連接詞的語意與句子間的邏輯關係。判斷時要看空格前後句子的因果、轉折或遞進關係,而不能只看選項的中文意思。
解題方法
關鍵句為:
He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement.
Petrini 認為人們生活太忙碌,沒有時間好好吃飯,因此決定採取行動;「發起慢食運動」正是他採取的行動,前後是因果關係。空格應填表示「所以、因此」的連接詞 so。
選項分析
第 14 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Slow Food movement was initiated when a European journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that a fast-food restaurant had opened in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was tragic that many people today live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal and only eat ____ fast food. He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement. ____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook ____ traditional recipes. As member Jon Winge says, "I think it's such a cool idea. You support the people who produce beautiful products for you.”
核心觀念
本題考連接詞 Although 的讓步語意。讓步子句表示「雖然……,但是……」:前句提出一個與後句結果相反或形成對照的情況。
解題方法
先看空格前後的語意:
____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization...
前半句說「他沒有成功禁止那家速食餐廳」,後半句說「慢食運動已發展為全球性組織」。兩件事形成讓步對照:雖然未能達成最初的目標,慢食運動仍然發展壯大,因此應填 Although。
選項分析
第 15 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Slow Food movement was initiated when a European journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that a fast-food restaurant had opened in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was tragic that many people today live too ____ to sit down for a proper meal and only eat ____ fast food. He decided that he has to try to do something about it, ____ he started the Slow Food movement. ____ he didn't succeed in banning that fast-food restaurant, Slow Food has become a global organization and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook ____ traditional recipes. As member Jon Winge says, "I think it's such a cool idea. You support the people who produce beautiful products for you.”
核心觀念
本題考介系詞搭配。空格位於 cook ____ traditional recipes,要判斷哪個介系詞可表示「按照某種食譜烹煮」。
解題方法
Recipe 是「食譜、烹調方法」,常用 with 表示依照某種材料、方式或食譜來做某事。cook with traditional recipes 意為「依照傳統食譜烹煮」,符合段落鼓勵人們支持在地飲食與傳統料理的語意。
選項分析
- (A) as:常表示「作為」或「如同」,例如 work as a teacher(當老師),不能自然表示「按照傳統食譜烹煮」。
第 16 題
【題組共用題幹】
When a melting glacier released its hold on a 4,000-year-old corpse in September, it was quite rightly called one of the most important archaeological findings of the century. ____ by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet in the Italian Tyrol near the Austrian border, the partially freeze-dried body still wore remnants of leather garments and boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation. At his side was a bronze ax of a type ____ in southern central Europe around 2000 B.C. On his expedition he had carried an all-purpose stone knife, a wooden back-pack, a bow and a quiver, a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling, and an arrow repair kit in a leather pouch. Such everyday gear gives an unprecedented perspective on life in early Bronze Age Europe. “The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip,” says archaeologist Ian Kinnes of the British Museum. “These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.”
核心觀念 本題測驗「分詞構句(Participial Construction)」與「主被動語態及動詞字義辨析」。 當副詞子句與主要子句的主詞相同時,可省略連接詞與子句主詞,將動詞轉化為分詞片語:
- 主動關係或進行態:使用現在分詞()。
- 被動關係或完成態:使用過去分詞()。
解題方法
- 分析句子結構: 句型為「」。空格所在片語由逗號隔開、置於句首修飾主要子句,判定為副詞子句簡化而成的「分詞構句」。
- 找出主要子句主詞: 主要子句的主詞為「the partially freeze-dried body」(這具部分凍乾的遺體,即著名的冰人奧茲 Ötzi)。
- 判斷主被動關係與字義:
- 遺體(the body)與動詞的關係:遺體不可能主動做動作,而是「被」健行的德國夫婦所「發現(discover)」。
- 後方出現受詞片語「by a German couple」(被一對德國夫婦),明確指示為被動語態。
- 還原原始子句: 原句應為:When/As the partially freeze-dried body was discovered by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet... 省略連接詞與相同主詞,被動動詞(was discovered)省略 be 動詞後,保留過去分詞 Discovered 開頭。
第 17 題
【題組共用題幹】
When a melting glacier released its hold on a 4,000-year-old corpse in September, it was quite rightly called one of the most important archaeological findings of the century. ____ by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet in the Italian Tyrol near the Austrian border, the partially freeze-dried body still wore remnants of leather garments and boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation. At his side was a bronze ax of a type ____ in southern central Europe around 2000 B.C. On his expedition he had carried an all-purpose stone knife, a wooden back-pack, a bow and a quiver, a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling, and an arrow repair kit in a leather pouch. Such everyday gear gives an unprecedented perspective on life in early Bronze Age Europe. “The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip,” says archaeologist Ian Kinnes of the British Museum. “These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.”
核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「上下文判讀」。空格位於 boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation,要選出能與 with straw 搭配、並表達「靴子裡塞入稻草以保暖」的動詞。
解題方法
先看句意:冰河融化後發現的遺體,仍穿著皮革衣物與靴子;靴子裡填了稻草作為隔熱材料。因此空格應表示「填塞、塞滿」。
常見搭配是 be stuffed with + 材料,意為「塞滿、填入……」。被動語態 had been stuffed with straw 即「曾填入稻草」。
選項分析
第 18 題
【題組共用題幹】
When a melting glacier released its hold on a 4,000-year-old corpse in September, it was quite rightly called one of the most important archaeological findings of the century. ____ by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet in the Italian Tyrol near the Austrian border, the partially freeze-dried body still wore remnants of leather garments and boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation. At his side was a bronze ax of a type ____ in southern central Europe around 2000 B.C. On his expedition he had carried an all-purpose stone knife, a wooden back-pack, a bow and a quiver, a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling, and an arrow repair kit in a leather pouch. Such everyday gear gives an unprecedented perspective on life in early Bronze Age Europe. “The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip,” says archaeologist Ian Kinnes of the British Museum. “These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.”
核心觀念
本題考詞彙辨析,關鍵在於理解句意與搭配。空格所在句子說,考古學家認為這名男子是在一次「完全平常的旅程」中遭遇某種事件,因此應選能表示「典型、平常、一般」的字。
解題方法
句意是:「最令人興奮的是,我們確實像是在看一名男子,他在一次完全平常的旅途中遭遇了某種事。」
ordinary 表示「平常的、普通的」;與它意思相近的 typical 是「典型的、一般的」,可以描述這趟旅程並呼應上下文。故選 (A) typical。
選項分析
- (A) typical:典型的、一般的。 符合「平常旅程」的語意,與
ordinary意思相近,正確。 - (B) tropical:熱帶的。 描述氣候、地區或生態環境,與旅程是否平常無關。
第 19 題
【題組共用題幹】
When a melting glacier released its hold on a 4,000-year-old corpse in September, it was quite rightly called one of the most important archaeological findings of the century. ____ by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet in the Italian Tyrol near the Austrian border, the partially freeze-dried body still wore remnants of leather garments and boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation. At his side was a bronze ax of a type ____ in southern central Europe around 2000 B.C. On his expedition he had carried an all-purpose stone knife, a wooden back-pack, a bow and a quiver, a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling, and an arrow repair kit in a leather pouch. Such everyday gear gives an unprecedented perspective on life in early Bronze Age Europe. “The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip,” says archaeologist Ian Kinnes of the British Museum. “These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.”
核心觀念
本題考英文分詞的語意與句子結構。空格所在句為:
On his expedition he had carried … a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling …
句子的主要動詞是 had carried;空格後的 a flint lighter and kindling 是袋子裡裝的物品,因此空格需表達「袋子內含有……」。選項 containing 是現在分詞,作後位修飾語,修飾 a small bag,意思是「裝有……的袋子」。
解題方法
先找空格附近的名詞與語意關係:a small bag 是容器,後接打火石與引火物,兩者是袋中所裝的內容物。因此可將片語還原成:
a small bag that contained a flint lighter and kindling 一個裝有打火石與引火物的小袋子
第 20 題
【題組共用題幹】
When a melting glacier released its hold on a 4,000-year-old corpse in September, it was quite rightly called one of the most important archaeological findings of the century. ____ by a German couple hiking at 10,500 feet in the Italian Tyrol near the Austrian border, the partially freeze-dried body still wore remnants of leather garments and boots that had been ____ with straw for insulation. At his side was a bronze ax of a type ____ in southern central Europe around 2000 B.C. On his expedition he had carried an all-purpose stone knife, a wooden back-pack, a bow and a quiver, a small bag ____ a flint lighter and kindling, and an arrow repair kit in a leather pouch. Such everyday gear gives an unprecedented perspective on life in early Bronze Age Europe. “The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip,” says archaeologist Ian Kinnes of the British Museum. “These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.”
核心觀念
本題測驗「名詞字彙語意辨析」與「語境邏輯推論(Contextual Clues)」,同時涉及英語高頻動賓搭配詞:
- 搭配詞(Collocation):
have an accident(發生意外、遭遇事故)。 - 語意邏輯:考古學家根據死者身上的日常配備(皮衣、石刀、弓箭、取火工具等),推論此處並非刻意安葬的墓穴(not artifacts placed in a grave),而是死者在尋常旅途中突然遭遇不測身亡。
解題方法
- 從上下文語意邏輯切入: 空格所在句子為大英博物館考古學家伊恩·金尼斯(Ian Kinnes)的引言:「The most exciting thing is that we genuinely appear to be looking at a man who had some kind of ____ in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip... These are not artifacts placed in a grave, but the fellow’s own possessions.」 句意強調該名男子並非壽終正寢後被刻意厚葬,身上的物品皆為日常個人裝備。因此,他在「完全正常的旅途過程(in the course of a perfectly ordinary trip)」中,必然是遭遇了某種突發的「意外/事故」,導致其猝死並隨裝備一併被冰封保存。
- 動詞搭配檢驗:
動詞
had與名詞accident構成標準搭配詞have an accident,在此處表示「發生意外;遭遇變故」,語意嚴密且合乎語法。
第 21 題
【題組共用題幹】
Scientists in the United States are planning to create lie-detection software for emails and text messages. The new software is being developed by a team led by Jeff Hancock at Cornell University in New York State. "We asked people to come into the labs and write lies and we had other people come in and write the truth," says Hancock. "Using this method, we've developed a database of tens of thousands of emails."
The scientists have analyzed the data and identified a number of methods to predict whether or not a person is lying. One of the most important methods is the length of a message. Lying emails have, on average, 28% more words than truthful messages. Another method is the overuse of sense words, such as "see," "feel," and "touch." "When you're lying, you want the other person to believe you, so you give more details," says Hancock.
Liars also tend to use pronouns like "we" and "they" rather than "I" as a way of distancing themselves from a lie because they feel guilty. "People often use negative emotional words too, because they feel uncomfortable when they're lying," says Hancock. "So they will use terms like "sad," "angry," "unhappy" and "stressed.""
Previous research has shown that up to one third of communications at work involve lying of some sort. The most common workplace lie is pretending to be sick to avoid going to work.
But Peter Collett, a psychologist who has written a book on lying, is skeptical about Hancock's work. "You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says. "How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀測驗中的「主旨與標題判斷」。標題應能概括全文核心,而不是只描述其中一項細節。
解題方法
先掌握首段主題:研究團隊正在開發軟體,分析電子郵件與文字訊息是否說謊。後文補充這項研究的判斷線索,例如訊息長度、感官詞、代名詞與負面情緒詞,也提到職場說謊的情形,以及心理學家對研究方法的質疑。整篇文章的核心仍是「用新軟體偵測說謊訊息」。
選項分析
- (A) New Computer Software to Catch Lying Emails:正確。
catch在此指「識別、抓出」,標題點出新軟體偵測說謊電子郵件的主題,能概括全文。
第 22 題
【題組共用題幹】
Scientists in the United States are planning to create lie-detection software for emails and text messages. The new software is being developed by a team led by Jeff Hancock at Cornell University in New York State. "We asked people to come into the labs and write lies and we had other people come in and write the truth," says Hancock. "Using this method, we've developed a database of tens of thousands of emails."
The scientists have analyzed the data and identified a number of methods to predict whether or not a person is lying. One of the most important methods is the length of a message. Lying emails have, on average, 28% more words than truthful messages. Another method is the overuse of sense words, such as "see," "feel," and "touch." "When you're lying, you want the other person to believe you, so you give more details," says Hancock.
Liars also tend to use pronouns like "we" and "they" rather than "I" as a way of distancing themselves from a lie because they feel guilty. "People often use negative emotional words too, because they feel uncomfortable when they're lying," says Hancock. "So they will use terms like "sad," "angry," "unhappy" and "stressed.""
Previous research has shown that up to one third of communications at work involve lying of some sort. The most common workplace lie is pretending to be sick to avoid going to work.
But Peter Collett, a psychologist who has written a book on lying, is skeptical about Hancock's work. "You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says. "How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."
Which of the following statements is true about Hancock's experiment?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀理解,須根據文章內容判斷敘述是否與研究方法及研究結果相符。作答時要區分研究者如何建立資料庫、分析後發現什麼,以及文章提到的職場說謊比例。
解題方法
先定位文章第一段,確認 Hancock 團隊如何進行實驗:他們請一群人在實驗室寫謊言,另請其他人寫真話;接著建立數萬封電子郵件的資料庫。第二段則指出,科學家分析資料後,提出了數種預測電子郵件寄件者是否說謊的方法。
再逐項比對選項,注意選項是否把「研究方法」、「研究發現」或「職場溝通比例」混為一談。
選項分析
(A) The same group of people were asked to come into the labs to write both lies and the truth.
錯。文章說一群人進入實驗室寫謊言,另有其他人進入實驗室寫真話,並非同一群人撰寫兩者。關鍵在原文的 other people。
(B) The scientists are developing some methods to detect if a person is lying in emails.
第 23 題
【題組共用題幹】
Scientists in the United States are planning to create lie-detection software for emails and text messages. The new software is being developed by a team led by Jeff Hancock at Cornell University in New York State. "We asked people to come into the labs and write lies and we had other people come in and write the truth," says Hancock. "Using this method, we've developed a database of tens of thousands of emails."
The scientists have analyzed the data and identified a number of methods to predict whether or not a person is lying. One of the most important methods is the length of a message. Lying emails have, on average, 28% more words than truthful messages. Another method is the overuse of sense words, such as "see," "feel," and "touch." "When you're lying, you want the other person to believe you, so you give more details," says Hancock.
Liars also tend to use pronouns like "we" and "they" rather than "I" as a way of distancing themselves from a lie because they feel guilty. "People often use negative emotional words too, because they feel uncomfortable when they're lying," says Hancock. "So they will use terms like "sad," "angry," "unhappy" and "stressed.""
Previous research has shown that up to one third of communications at work involve lying of some sort. The most common workplace lie is pretending to be sick to avoid going to work.
But Peter Collett, a psychologist who has written a book on lying, is skeptical about Hancock's work. "You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says. "How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."
According to the passage, which of the following signs could appear in lying emails?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,重點是從文章中找出「說謊郵件」的特徵,並判斷選項是否符合原文。解題時應以文章明確提供的資訊為依據,不自行加入文中未提及的特徵。
解題方法
第二段指出,研究人員發現說謊郵件平均比真實訊息多 28% 的字數(28% more words)。題目問哪些跡象可能出現在說謊郵件中,因此直接對照選項,符合原文的就是 (D) more words in a message。
選項分析
- (A) fewer pronouns in a message:錯誤。原文表示說謊者較常使用 we、they 等代名詞,而非 I。這是代名詞使用方式的差異,並未說明整體代名詞數量較少。
第 24 題
【題組共用題幹】
Scientists in the United States are planning to create lie-detection software for emails and text messages. The new software is being developed by a team led by Jeff Hancock at Cornell University in New York State. "We asked people to come into the labs and write lies and we had other people come in and write the truth," says Hancock. "Using this method, we've developed a database of tens of thousands of emails."
The scientists have analyzed the data and identified a number of methods to predict whether or not a person is lying. One of the most important methods is the length of a message. Lying emails have, on average, 28% more words than truthful messages. Another method is the overuse of sense words, such as "see," "feel," and "touch." "When you're lying, you want the other person to believe you, so you give more details," says Hancock.
Liars also tend to use pronouns like "we" and "they" rather than "I" as a way of distancing themselves from a lie because they feel guilty. "People often use negative emotional words too, because they feel uncomfortable when they're lying," says Hancock. "So they will use terms like "sad," "angry," "unhappy" and "stressed.""
Previous research has shown that up to one third of communications at work involve lying of some sort. The most common workplace lie is pretending to be sick to avoid going to work.
But Peter Collett, a psychologist who has written a book on lying, is skeptical about Hancock's work. "You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says. "How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."
Why does the psychologist Peter Collett disagree on Hancock's method?
核心觀念
本題屬於國家考試英文閱讀測驗中高頻出現的「論點理解與細節推論題」,評量重點包含:
- 觀點定位與同義轉換(Paraphrasing):辨識原文中的態度詞(
skeptical)與反詰句(How can a computer program see all this?),並對應至選項中的同義概念(unconvinced)。 - 邏輯因果辨析(論據 vs. 結論):區分說話者的「推論依據」(人類測謊需觀察肢體與語速)與「核心質疑焦點」(電腦單憑電子郵件的文字無法有效測謊)。
解題方法
- 鎖定關鍵人名與題幹定位:
題幹詢問「心理學家 Peter Collett 為什麼反對 Hancock 的方法(
disagree on Hancock's method)」,直接定位至文章最後一段(第 5 段)。 - 拆解最後一段的論證結構:
- 立場句:
Peter Collett... is skeptical about Hancock's work.(Collett 對 Hancock 的研究成果持懷疑態度)。 - 論據前提:
"You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says.(他認為測謊必須透過觀察肢體語言、語速及說話方式)。 - 反駁核心(反詰句):
"How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."(電腦程式怎麼可能看得到這些?郵件裡有的僅僅是文字而已)。
- 推導結論: Collett 之所以反對,是因為真正的測謊線索(肢體、聲調)無法在純文字郵件中呈現,因此他質疑電腦程式單憑文字測謊的可行性,即「不相信電腦能做到測謊」。
選項分析
- (A) 錯誤
- 原文對照:雖然 Collett 確實提及 `"You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body lan
第 25 題
【題組共用題幹】
Scientists in the United States are planning to create lie-detection software for emails and text messages. The new software is being developed by a team led by Jeff Hancock at Cornell University in New York State. "We asked people to come into the labs and write lies and we had other people come in and write the truth," says Hancock. "Using this method, we've developed a database of tens of thousands of emails."
The scientists have analyzed the data and identified a number of methods to predict whether or not a person is lying. One of the most important methods is the length of a message. Lying emails have, on average, 28% more words than truthful messages. Another method is the overuse of sense words, such as "see," "feel," and "touch." "When you're lying, you want the other person to believe you, so you give more details," says Hancock.
Liars also tend to use pronouns like "we" and "they" rather than "I" as a way of distancing themselves from a lie because they feel guilty. "People often use negative emotional words too, because they feel uncomfortable when they're lying," says Hancock. "So they will use terms like "sad," "angry," "unhappy" and "stressed.""
Previous research has shown that up to one third of communications at work involve lying of some sort. The most common workplace lie is pretending to be sick to avoid going to work.
But Peter Collett, a psychologist who has written a book on lying, is skeptical about Hancock's work. "You can see if somebody is lying by looking at their body language, how fast they talk, and how they speak," he says. "How can a computer program see all this? They've clearly done a lot of research, but with emails all you have is words."
According to Hancock, which of the following words is NOT likely to be found in a lying email?
核心觀念
本題測驗閱讀理解中的細節判讀,並須根據上下文辨認情緒形容詞的正負向。文中指出,說謊者常使用負面情緒字詞,因為說謊時感到不自在;例子包括 sad(悲傷的)、angry(生氣的)、unhappy(不快樂的)和 stressed(有壓力的)。
解題方法
先定位題目詢問的「不太可能出現在說謊電子郵件中的字詞」,再回到文章第三段的線索:說謊者傾向使用表達負面情緒的詞。因此,符合負面情緒特徵的選項較可能出現;帶有正面意義的選項則不符合文意。
選項分析
第 26 題
【題組共用題幹】
Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes ____ and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and ____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles. Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm. Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字在上下文中的詞義與搭配。空格前後提到手機、電腦、平板等電子科技,以及社群媒體、簡訊、聊天室和網站等通訊工具;第一個空格應填入能概括這些電子產品的名詞。
解題方法
看空格後的例子:「手機、電腦和平板等設備」。這些都是電子裝置,因此應填 devices。句子意思是:「電子科技包括手機、電腦和平板等裝置,也包括社群媒體、簡訊、聊天室和網站等通訊工具。」
選項分析
第 27 題
【題組共用題幹】
Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes ____ and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and ____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles. Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm. Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.
核心觀念
本題考字義與上下文判斷。目標空格位於 fake profiles(假個人檔案)之前,應選擇能形容照片、影片、網站或個人檔案可能造成的負面影響的字。官方答案 (B) embarrassing「令人尷尬的、使人難堪的」符合句意。
解題方法
先看空格所在的片語:____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles,可理解為「令人難堪的照片、影片、網站或假個人檔案」。前文列舉網路霸凌的例子,包括刻薄訊息、電子郵件傳播謠言;後文也說霸凌工具可能被用來傷害他人。因此,空格應填帶有負面、傷害性含意的形容詞。
選項分析
第 28 題
【題組共用題幹】
Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes ____ and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and ____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles. Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm. Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.
核心觀念
本題考查上下文語意邏輯推論與英文核心片語搭配(Collocation):
- 動詞片語句型:
have a hard / difficult time + (in) V-ing(做某事面臨困難、做某事感到吃力)。在此延伸為比較級have a harder time + V-ing(做某事更加困難)。 - 前後文邏輯脈絡:克漏字填空須依循上下文脈絡,特別注意遞移詞(如 Additionally)與補充說明之具體細節(如 24 hours a day, 7 days a week)。
解題方法
- 分析空格句型結構: 空格所在句子為:
"Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm."
空格置於名詞 time 之前,後方接動名詞片語 getting away from the harm。此結構完全契合固定片語 have a hard time + V-ing(在做某事時遭遇困難)。
2. 審視前後文語境:
- 前句脈絡:受網路霸凌的孩子通常在現實中也同時遭霸凌(often bullied in person as well)。
- 遞進連接詞:句首使用 Additionally(此外),表示要補充網路霸凌帶來的額外困境。
- 後句佐證:後文進一步闡述「網路霸凌一週 7 天、一天 24 小時隨時都在發生,甚至在孩子獨處時也能找上門(Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.)」。
- 推導正確選項:
第 29 題
【題組共用題幹】
Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes ____ and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and ____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles. Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm. Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.
核心觀念
本題考單字在上下文中的語意判斷。空格位於「匿名發布的網路霸凌訊息和圖片能迅速__給廣大閱聽者」的句子,需選出符合「散布、傳播」意思的動詞。
解題方法
先看空格前後文:
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience.
訊息和圖片匿名發布後,能迅速「傳播給很廣大的閱聽者」,語意上應使用 distributed。此處的 distributed 是 distribute 的過去分詞,與前面的 posted 並列,描述訊息和圖片被發布及散布。
選項分析
第 30 題
【題組共用題幹】
Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes ____ and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites. Examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and ____ pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles. Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well. Additionally, kids who are cyberbullied have a ____ time getting away from the harm. Cyberbullying can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach a kid even when he or she is alone.
Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and ____ quickly to a very wide audience. It can be difficult and sometimes impossible to trace the source. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.
Cell phones and computers themselves are not to blame for cyberbullying. Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment. But these tools can also be used to hurt other people. Whether done in person or through technology, the effects of bullying are similar.
核心觀念
本題考英文單字在上下文中的語意搭配。第 30 題空格所在句為:
Social media sites can be used for ____ activities, like connecting kids with friends and family, helping students with school, and for entertainment.
句中舉出社群媒體的用途:與親友聯繫、協助學習、提供娛樂。這些都是正面的用途,因此空格應填表示「正面的、有益的」形容詞。
解題方法
先看空格後的例子,再判斷它們共同代表的概念。與親友聯繫、協助學生完成學校相關事務及娛樂,都屬於社群媒體的正面用途;前文也指出,科技工具可以用來傷害他人,但也能有益於使用者。
第 31 題
【題組共用題幹】
When people talk about Concorde, they tend to describe it the way one might describe Princess Diana: charming, elegant, and classic. The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still ____ a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976. It had the most powerful and efficient engines at supersonic speeds. During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length, ____ the heating of the airframe. A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.
Concorde used to fly regularly from London and Paris to New York and Washington. It flew these routes in ____ half the time of other airlines. A trip from London to New York with Concorde took nearly three hours and thirty minutes as opposed to eight hours with Boeing 777 or Airbus 330. That is to say, it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York and return home in London before pubs closed. With only 20 aircraft built, ____ , Concorde was not a success in terms of economic profit. After the aircraft’s only crash in 2000 and the 911 terrorist attack in 2001, Concorde was retired in 2003, bringing to an end the era of supersonic passenger transportation.
核心觀念
本題考固定搭配與語意判斷。空格位於 still ____ a remarkable achievement,需選出能與「仍被視為一項非凡成就」搭配的片語。句子的主詞 Concorde 是「被評價」的對象,因此要用被動語態。
解題方法
先看句意:「這架已退役的超音速客機,至今仍__一項卓越的工程成就。」符合句意的搭配是 be regarded as + 名詞,意思是「被視為……」。
填入後為:
The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still regarded as a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976.
此處 regarded as 是過去分詞片語,修飾前面的 The retired supersonic passenger airliner,可理解為「仍被視為一項卓越工程成就的這架已退役超音速客機」。
選項分析
第 32 題
【題組共用題幹】
When people talk about Concorde, they tend to describe it the way one might describe Princess Diana: charming, elegant, and classic. The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still ____ a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976. It had the most powerful and efficient engines at supersonic speeds. During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length, ____ the heating of the airframe. A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.
Concorde used to fly regularly from London and Paris to New York and Washington. It flew these routes in ____ half the time of other airlines. A trip from London to New York with Concorde took nearly three hours and thirty minutes as opposed to eight hours with Boeing 777 or Airbus 330. That is to say, it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York and return home in London before pubs closed. With only 20 aircraft built, ____ , Concorde was not a success in terms of economic profit. After the aircraft’s only crash in 2000 and the 911 terrorist attack in 2001, Concorde was retired in 2003, bringing to an end the era of supersonic passenger transportation.
核心觀念
本題測驗「介系詞片語之語意邏輯(因果關係)」與上下文語境之判讀。
- 因果關係介系詞片語:
due to + N / V-ing表示「由於……、因為……」,用於引導表示原因的名詞或名詞片語,修飾前面的事件或狀態。
解題方法
- 分析句子結構與語意關係:
- 前半句(結果/現象):
During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length(在飛行期間,機身會比平時拉長 6 至 10 英吋)。 - 空格後(原因):
the heating of the airframe(機身受熱/機體發熱)。 - 空格前後存在明顯的「物理因果關係」——因超音速飛行產生摩擦熱使機身膨脹(原因),導致長度拉長 6 到 10 英吋(結果)。
- 前後文線索驗證:
- 後一句提到:
A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.(因此使用特殊白漆以協助反射並輻射散熱)。句中的副詞thus(因此)強烈呼應前文「機體受熱」正是問題的成因。
- 結論:空格處需要一個表示「因為、由於」且後接名詞片語的介系詞片語,故選 (B) due to。
選項分析
- (A) as for:錯誤。
- 字義:至於……、關於……。
- 解析:通常置於句首用來轉移話題或引出新的討論對象(例如:As for the price, it is reasonable.)。
第 33 題
【題組共用題幹】
When people talk about Concorde, they tend to describe it the way one might describe Princess Diana: charming, elegant, and classic. The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still ____ a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976. It had the most powerful and efficient engines at supersonic speeds. During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length, ____ the heating of the airframe. A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.
Concorde used to fly regularly from London and Paris to New York and Washington. It flew these routes in ____ half the time of other airlines. A trip from London to New York with Concorde took nearly three hours and thirty minutes as opposed to eight hours with Boeing 777 or Airbus 330. That is to say, it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York and return home in London before pubs closed. With only 20 aircraft built, ____ , Concorde was not a success in terms of economic profit. After the aircraft’s only crash in 2000 and the 911 terrorist attack in 2001, Concorde was retired in 2003, bringing to an end the era of supersonic passenger transportation.
核心觀念
本題考「比較級片語」及語意判讀。空格前有 half the time,後面比較其他航空公司所需的時間;完整句意是「協和式客機飛行這些航線所花的時間不到其他航空公司的一半」。
解題方法
空格與 half the time of other airlines 搭配,應選表示「少於一半時間」的 less than:
It flew these routes in less than half the time of other airlines. 它飛行這些航線所花的時間,不到其他航空公司的一半。
下一句提供時間佐證:倫敦至紐約搭乘 Concorde 約需 3 小時 30 分,而搭乘 Boeing 777 或 Airbus 330 約需 8 小時。3.5 小時少於 8 小時的一半(4 小時),符合句意。
選項分析
- (A) less than:正確。 less than half the time 表示「不到一半的時間」,與後文的 3.5 小時對照 8 小
第 34 題
【題組共用題幹】
When people talk about Concorde, they tend to describe it the way one might describe Princess Diana: charming, elegant, and classic. The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still ____ a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976. It had the most powerful and efficient engines at supersonic speeds. During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length, ____ the heating of the airframe. A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.
Concorde used to fly regularly from London and Paris to New York and Washington. It flew these routes in ____ half the time of other airlines. A trip from London to New York with Concorde took nearly three hours and thirty minutes as opposed to eight hours with Boeing 777 or Airbus 330. That is to say, it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York and return home in London before pubs closed. With only 20 aircraft built, ____ , Concorde was not a success in terms of economic profit. After the aircraft’s only crash in 2000 and the 911 terrorist attack in 2001, Concorde was retired in 2003, bringing to an end the era of supersonic passenger transportation.
核心觀念
本題考查上下文詞義判斷與形容詞用法。關鍵句描述搭乘協和號能在一天內往返紐約,因此這種行程對商務人士而言並不罕見。
解題方法
先看空格所在句的結構:
it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York
句型是 It is + 形容詞 + for someone + to V,表示「對某人而言,做某事是……」。再依前文判斷詞義:協和號從倫敦飛往紐約約需三小時半,遠快於一般客機,因此商務人士當天往返並不罕見。空格應填 uncommon(不常見的)。
選項分析
第 35 題
【題組共用題幹】
When people talk about Concorde, they tend to describe it the way one might describe Princess Diana: charming, elegant, and classic. The retired supersonic passenger airliner, still ____ a remarkable achievement of the engineering, first entered service in 1976. It had the most powerful and efficient engines at supersonic speeds. During flight, it would stretch between 6 and 10 inches from its normal length, ____ the heating of the airframe. A special white paint was thus used to help reflect and radiate the heat.
Concorde used to fly regularly from London and Paris to New York and Washington. It flew these routes in ____ half the time of other airlines. A trip from London to New York with Concorde took nearly three hours and thirty minutes as opposed to eight hours with Boeing 777 or Airbus 330. That is to say, it was not ____ for business people to take a day trip to New York and return home in London before pubs closed. With only 20 aircraft built, ____ , Concorde was not a success in terms of economic profit. After the aircraft’s only crash in 2000 and the 911 terrorist attack in 2001, Concorde was retired in 2003, bringing to an end the era of supersonic passenger transportation.
核心觀念
本題考查轉折副詞的語意與篇章邏輯。however 表示「然而、不過」,用來引出與前文形成對照的事實。
解題方法
前文指出協和式客機能以不到一般航班一半的時間往返,速度快、性能出色;空格後則指出,協和式客機只製造了 20 架,從經濟獲利角度來看並不成功。後句與前文的優異性能形成轉折,因此應填入表示「然而」的 however。
句中 however 前後以逗號隔開,作為插入語使用,語法與標點都符合英文慣例。
選項分析
- (A) therefore:因此。 表示因果結果。協和式客機的經濟獲利不佳,並非前文「飛行速度快」所能直接推導出的結果,語意不合。
- **(B) otherwise:否則;
第 36 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships for students from high school through post-graduate school and to careers for recent graduates, and provide meaningful training and career development opportunities for individuals who are at the beginning of their Federal service. As a student or recent graduate, you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you and where you are in your academics:
-
Internship Program: This program is for current students enrolled in a wide variety of educational institutions from high school to graduate level, with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while still in school.
-
Recent Graduates Program: This program is for individuals who have recently graduated from qualifying educational institutions or programs and seek a dynamic, career development program with training and mentorship. To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
-
Presidential Management Fellows Program: For more than three decades, the PMF Program has been the Federal government’s premier leadership development program for advanced degree candidates. This program is now for individuals who have received a qualifying advanced degree within the preceding two years.
For additional information on the Pathways Programs overall, please visit http://www.opm.gov/HiringReform/Pathways/.
What is this passage mainly about?
核心觀念
本題測驗篇章閱讀中的「主旨大意判斷能力」(Main Idea / Central Theme),著重考查考生能否掌握首段主題句(Topic Sentence)、歸納各子段落的共同交集,並精準區分「全篇核心(General Idea)」與「局部細節(Specific Details)」。
解題方法
- 定位首段主題句: 文章第一段開宗明義指出:
"The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships... and to careers for recent graduates... you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you..." 明確揭示全篇主題是美國聯邦政府針對在校生與應屆畢業生所推出的各項公職實習、職涯發展與進用管道。
- 歸納下文分項的共同上位概念: 內文列舉的三大計畫:
- 實習計畫(Internship Program):提供在學期間的給薪工作機會(paid opportunities to work in agencies)。
- 新鮮人計畫(Recent Graduates Program):針對畢業兩年內者的職涯培育與進用。
- 總統管理研究員計畫(Presidential Management Fellows Program):針對高階學位者的領導職涯培育。 三個子計畫的共通核心皆落在「進入聯邦政府任職與工作」,因此全篇主旨即為「工作/就業機會(Job opportunities)」。
選項分析
- (A) Degree counseling(學位諮詢/升學輔導):錯誤 文中雖提及 high school、graduate level、advanced degree 等不同學歷階段,但用途在於界定各項工作的「應徵資格」,
第 37 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships for students from high school through post-graduate school and to careers for recent graduates, and provide meaningful training and career development opportunities for individuals who are at the beginning of their Federal service. As a student or recent graduate, you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you and where you are in your academics:
-
Internship Program: This program is for current students enrolled in a wide variety of educational institutions from high school to graduate level, with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while still in school.
-
Recent Graduates Program: This program is for individuals who have recently graduated from qualifying educational institutions or programs and seek a dynamic, career development program with training and mentorship. To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
-
Presidential Management Fellows Program: For more than three decades, the PMF Program has been the Federal government’s premier leadership development program for advanced degree candidates. This program is now for individuals who have received a qualifying advanced degree within the preceding two years.
For additional information on the Pathways Programs overall, please visit http://www.opm.gov/HiringReform/Pathways/.
What is the mission of the "Pathways Programs"?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解與主旨判斷。作答時要掌握題幹反覆強調的核心目的,而不是被單一詞彙帶偏。
題文介紹美國聯邦政府的 Pathways Programs,說明它為在學學生及近期畢業生提供實習、職涯發展訓練與進入聯邦政府工作的途徑。因此,其宗旨是協助學生做好準備,進入政府服務。
解題方法
先從首句抓主旨:Pathways Programs 為學生提供聯邦政府實習的途徑,也為近期畢業生提供進入職涯的機會,並提供訓練與職涯發展。
再看三個計畫的共同方向:實習計畫讓在學者探索聯邦政府職涯;近期畢業生計畫提供職涯發展訓練與導師指導;總統管理學者計畫則培養高階人才的領導能力。這些內容都指向「培養人才並協助其進入政府工作」,與選項 (B) 相符。
選項分析
- (A) To help students find cycling routes. 錯誤。Pathways 在此指進入政府實習或職涯的途徑,不是自行車路線。選項把字面上的「路徑」誤解為騎乘路線,與全文無關。
第 38 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships for students from high school through post-graduate school and to careers for recent graduates, and provide meaningful training and career development opportunities for individuals who are at the beginning of their Federal service. As a student or recent graduate, you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you and where you are in your academics:
-
Internship Program: This program is for current students enrolled in a wide variety of educational institutions from high school to graduate level, with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while still in school.
-
Recent Graduates Program: This program is for individuals who have recently graduated from qualifying educational institutions or programs and seek a dynamic, career development program with training and mentorship. To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
-
Presidential Management Fellows Program: For more than three decades, the PMF Program has been the Federal government’s premier leadership development program for advanced degree candidates. This program is now for individuals who have received a qualifying advanced degree within the preceding two years.
For additional information on the Pathways Programs overall, please visit http://www.opm.gov/HiringReform/Pathways/.
Where can one find further information about the Pathways Programs?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的「資訊來源判讀」。題幹最後一句指出,若要進一步了解 Pathways Programs,應參閱美國人事管理局(OPM)的官方網站。OPM 是美國聯邦政府機關,因此資訊來源是政府官方網站。
解題方法
先定位題幹中的提問句:Where can one find further information about the Pathways Programs?(哪裡可以取得 Pathways Programs 的進一步資訊?)再回到文章末段,確認作者提供的資訊管道。文中明確建議讀者前往 OPM 網站,故應選擇「政府官方網站」。
選項分析
- (A) At a local news agency. 在地方新聞機構。題幹沒有提及新聞機構;OPM 也不是新聞媒體,錯誤。
第 39 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships for students from high school through post-graduate school and to careers for recent graduates, and provide meaningful training and career development opportunities for individuals who are at the beginning of their Federal service. As a student or recent graduate, you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you and where you are in your academics:
-
Internship Program: This program is for current students enrolled in a wide variety of educational institutions from high school to graduate level, with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while still in school.
-
Recent Graduates Program: This program is for individuals who have recently graduated from qualifying educational institutions or programs and seek a dynamic, career development program with training and mentorship. To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
-
Presidential Management Fellows Program: For more than three decades, the PMF Program has been the Federal government’s premier leadership development program for advanced degree candidates. This program is now for individuals who have received a qualifying advanced degree within the preceding two years.
For additional information on the Pathways Programs overall, please visit http://www.opm.gov/HiringReform/Pathways/.
Which program can high school students apply for?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解:從文章中找出各項計畫的適用對象,並將題目詢問的「高中生」與文中條件比對。關鍵在於定位 Internship Program 的對象範圍。
解題方法
文章第 1 項指出,Internship Program 適用於目前就讀各類教育機構的學生,範圍「從高中到研究所」(from high school to graduate level)。因此,高中生符合此計畫的申請對象。
選項分析
- (A) The Internship Program. 正確。文中明確說明此計畫適用於從高中到研究所的在學學生。
- (B) The Hiring Reform Program. 錯誤。
第 40 題
【題組共用題幹】
The Pathways Programs offer clear paths to Federal internships for students from high school through post-graduate school and to careers for recent graduates, and provide meaningful training and career development opportunities for individuals who are at the beginning of their Federal service. As a student or recent graduate, you can begin your career in the Federal government by choosing the path that best describes you and where you are in your academics:
-
Internship Program: This program is for current students enrolled in a wide variety of educational institutions from high school to graduate level, with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while still in school.
-
Recent Graduates Program: This program is for individuals who have recently graduated from qualifying educational institutions or programs and seek a dynamic, career development program with training and mentorship. To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
-
Presidential Management Fellows Program: For more than three decades, the PMF Program has been the Federal government’s premier leadership development program for advanced degree candidates. This program is now for individuals who have received a qualifying advanced degree within the preceding two years.
For additional information on the Pathways Programs overall, please visit http://www.opm.gov/HiringReform/Pathways/.
Which of the following groups can apply for the Recent Graduates Program up to six years?
核心觀念 本題測驗閱讀測驗的「細節定位(Detail Locating)」與「同義改寫(Paraphrasing)」辨識能力。考生需掌握常見因果片語、阻礙動詞及責任義務之同義字代換:
- (受阻而無法申請)
- (因為、由於)
- (兵役義務)
解題方法
- 抓取題幹關鍵字:由題幹中的「Recent Graduates Program」(近期畢業生計畫)與時間條件「up to six years」(長達六年),直接定位至文章第 2 點:
2. Recent Graduates Program: ... To be eligible, applicants must apply within two years of degree or certificate completion (except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply).
- 分析長難句與同義代換:
- 原文指出一般申請者須在取得學位後「兩年內(within two years)」提出申請。
- 括號內的例外規定:「except for veterans precluded from doing so due to their military service obligation, who will have up to six years to apply」,意指「因履行兵役義務而無法在兩年內申請的退伍軍人,申請期限最長可達六年」。
第 41 題
【題組共用題幹】
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “Why the many quotation marks? I am asked. . . . when a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later, she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920’s, she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the imagist movement. From that time on, her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what is indispensable to one’s happiness and to express…”
According to this passage, which of the following is NOT a subject in Moore's writing?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,重點是找出文章明確提到的寫作主題。作答時要區分「作品的主題」與「文中用來比喻寫作的事物」。
解題方法
首段直接列出 Moore 詩作的主題:「animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry」,也就是動物、勞動者、藝術家與詩藝。將這些內容與選項比對,便可找出未被列為寫作主題的選項。
選項分析
- (A) Artists. 文中明確將 artists 列為她詩作的主題,故不是答案。
第 42 題
【題組共用題幹】
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “Why the many quotation marks? I am asked. . . . when a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later, she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920’s, she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the imagist movement. From that time on, her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what is indispensable to one’s happiness and to express…”
What does Moore refer to as "flies in amber"?
核心觀念
本題考英文閱讀理解與代名詞/比喻指涉判斷。解題關鍵是回到上下文,確認 Moore 所說的 “flies in amber” 指的是前文提到的哪一種寫作做法。
解題方法
引文先問「為什麼有這麼多引號」,接著說:當某件事已經說得很好、無法說得更好時,為什麼還要改寫?因此,她把自己的寫作比喻為琥珀中的蒼蠅標本,意思是把那些精采的原文引句保留下來。
前文也直接說明,她會從閱讀中選取有啟發性的引句,放進詩裡,並仔細加上引號,有時還在註腳標明來源。因此,“flies in amber” 指的是詩中保存的引文。
選項分析
- (A) Concentration on details. 「專注細節」是文章對 Moore 詩作方法的概述,並非 “flies in amber” 所指。比喻所在的引文談的是保留寫得很好的原句。
第 43 題
【題組共用題幹】
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “Why the many quotation marks? I am asked. . . . when a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later, she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920’s, she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the imagist movement. From that time on, her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what is indispensable to one’s happiness and to express…”
According to the passage, which of the following jobs was not held by Moore?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的人物經歷辨識。作答時要從文章找出 Moore 曾任職的工作,並與選項比對。
解題方法
第二段列出 Moore 畢業後的工作經歷:她曾在印第安學校教授商業科目,後來在紐約市擔任圖書館員,並於 1920 年代擔任文學雜誌《The Dial》的編輯。選項中若找不到文章支持的職業,就是題目所問「未曾擔任」的工作。
選項分析
- (A) Teacher. 教師。 正確敘述她曾任工作。文中提到她在 Carlisle 的印第安學校教授商業科目。
- (B) Librarian. 圖書館員。 正確敘述她曾任工作。文中提到她後來在紐約市擔任圖書館員。
第 44 題
【題組共用題幹】
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “Why the many quotation marks? I am asked. . . . when a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later, she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920’s, she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the imagist movement. From that time on, her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what is indispensable to one’s happiness and to express…”
What is this passage mainly about?
核心觀念
本題測驗閱讀測驗中的「篇章主旨題」(Main Idea)。考生需具備統整多段落大意、辨識文章整體結構,以及區分「全文主軸」與「局部細節」的能力。
傳記型(Biographical)短文的命題慣例,通常由主角的「生平經歷(Life)」與「重要作品/文學成就(Work)」兩大軸線貫穿全文。主旨題的正確選項必須具備「完整涵蓋性」,過於狹隘(以偏概全)或過於寬泛(範圍過大)的選項皆為誘答陷阱。
解題方法
解答主旨題應採用「各段摘要綜合法」,快速綜覽各段首尾句與核心內容,找出全文最大的交集:
- 第一段(寫作特色與作品風格): 介紹瑪麗安.摩爾(Marianne Moore)的詩作特質——如精簡壓縮的散文形式、多樣的主題(動物、勞工、藝術家)、大量引用引言的寫作習慣(quotations),以及注重細節觀察的創作手法。
- 第二段(生平背景與生活經歷): 敘述其早年成長背景(密蘇里州)、大學教育(布林莫爾學院)、曾任職商科教師、圖書館員及《日晷》(The Dial)雜誌編輯,以及在紐約布魯克林的恬淡生活與個人嗜好(動物園、布魯克林道奇棒球隊)。
- 第三段(作品出版、得獎成就與創作信念): 提及第一本詩集於 1921 年出版、獲獎紀錄(1952 年以《詩集》榮獲普立茲獎),以及她不為名利、純為熱情的寫作哲學。
統整三段重點可知,全文完整呈現了摩爾女士的「寫作風格與成就(work)」以及「個人生涯與經歷(life)」,故主旨定為「Marianne Moore 的生平與作品」。
選項分析
- (A) The use of quotations in poetry.(引言在詩歌中的運用)
- 錯誤【以偏概全(Too Narrow)】。引言的運用僅在第一段後半部提及(說明她引用名言如「琥珀中的蒼蠅」之寫作風格),僅屬於說明其寫作手法的「支持性細節」(supporting detail),不能代表第二段的生平與第三段的出版成就。
- (B) Essayists and poets of the 1920’s.(1920 年代的散文家與詩人)
第 45 題
【題組共用題幹】
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, “Why the many quotation marks? I am asked. . . . when a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber.” Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.
Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later, she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920’s, she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known.
Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the imagist movement. From that time on, her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry “for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what is indispensable to one’s happiness and to express…”
According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Moore’s poems?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解中的「推論題」:從文章提供的線索,推論作品的形式特徵。作答時要以文中資訊為依據,不能把沒有提到的事實當成已知。
解題方法
文中指出 Moore 的詩「像極度濃縮的散文」,卻「以參差不齊的行列印在紙上」(extremely compressed essays … printed in jagged lines)。這些線索顯示她的作品不採常見、整齊固定的詩行形式,因此可推論她不使用傳統詩體。
選項分析
(A) They tend to be subjective.(她的詩傾向主觀。)錯誤。 文章強調她重視「仔細觀察」與「細節」,並經常引用他人說過的話;這些內容不能支持作品傾向主觀的推論。
第 46 題
【題組共用題幹】
Are you interested in making a French omelet? Below are some steps you may follow:
First, whisk together the eggs until just mixed, then season. Lay out any fillings by the hob. Second, heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter and “swirl” to coat. When the foam begins to die down, pour in the eggs. They should sizzle. Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc. Next, use a fork to draw in the sides of the eggs to the center while shaking the pan to redistribute the liquid to the edges. The omelet is done when still slightly runny in the middle. Finally, take off the heat, and fold two edges into the middle. Shake the pan so they roll together, then tilt it and turn your omelet on to a warm plate (you can tidy it up before serving if you like). Season with salt and pepper, and then eat immediately!
What’s your favorite omelet recipe, and are you a stirrer or a shaker? And can these delicate French omelets ever compete with a whopping British half moon, oozing with cheese, and served with chips?
What is the best title for this passage?
核心觀念
本題考「文章主旨與標題判斷」。標題應涵蓋全文主要內容,而不是只抓住其中一個步驟或末段的比較。文章先後說明製作法式蛋捲的材料處理、煎蛋、加入餡料、摺疊與上桌,主要目的在介紹法式蛋捲的做法。
解題方法
先看文章開頭的主題句:作者詢問讀者是否想做法式蛋捲,接著以 Below are some steps you may follow 引出操作步驟。再檢視正文,內容依序說明打蛋、加熱奶油、倒入蛋液、加入餡料、摺疊及盛盤,與「如何製作法式蛋捲」完全相符。
文章末段提到攪拌或搖鍋,以及英式半月形蛋捲,屬於補充討論,並未改變全文以法式蛋捲製作流程為主的方向。
選項分析
- (A) How to Make a French Omelet:正確。全文逐步介紹法式蛋捲的製作方法,標題能涵蓋文章主旨。
第 47 題
【題組共用題幹】
Are you interested in making a French omelet? Below are some steps you may follow:
First, whisk together the eggs until just mixed, then season. Lay out any fillings by the hob. Second, heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter and “swirl” to coat. When the foam begins to die down, pour in the eggs. They should sizzle. Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc. Next, use a fork to draw in the sides of the eggs to the center while shaking the pan to redistribute the liquid to the edges. The omelet is done when still slightly runny in the middle. Finally, take off the heat, and fold two edges into the middle. Shake the pan so they roll together, then tilt it and turn your omelet on to a warm plate (you can tidy it up before serving if you like). Season with salt and pepper, and then eat immediately!
What’s your favorite omelet recipe, and are you a stirrer or a shaker? And can these delicate French omelets ever compete with a whopping British half moon, oozing with cheese, and served with chips?
According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,重點是依照文章中的步驟順序與狀態描述判斷選項。作答時應以原文為依據,不把常識或個人烹調習慣帶入判斷。
解題方法
先找出文章描述的製作流程,再逐一比對選項中的動作、先後順序與完成狀態:
- 平底鍋先以中大火加熱,再加入奶油。
- 蛋液先打勻,接著調味。
- 蛋液下鍋後,靜置 20 秒,直到開始冒泡。
- 蛋餅中央仍微微濕潤時即完成。
選項分析
(A) 正確。 原文說:「heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter」,表示先加熱平底鍋,之後再加入奶油。與選項所述順序一致。
第 48 題
【題組共用題幹】
Are you interested in making a French omelet? Below are some steps you may follow:
First, whisk together the eggs until just mixed, then season. Lay out any fillings by the hob. Second, heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter and “swirl” to coat. When the foam begins to die down, pour in the eggs. They should sizzle. Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc. Next, use a fork to draw in the sides of the eggs to the center while shaking the pan to redistribute the liquid to the edges. The omelet is done when still slightly runny in the middle. Finally, take off the heat, and fold two edges into the middle. Shake the pan so they roll together, then tilt it and turn your omelet on to a warm plate (you can tidy it up before serving if you like). Season with salt and pepper, and then eat immediately!
What’s your favorite omelet recipe, and are you a stirrer or a shaker? And can these delicate French omelets ever compete with a whopping British half moon, oozing with cheese, and served with chips?
Which of the following ingredients is NOT mentioned in the passage?
核心觀念
本題測驗「閱讀測驗」中的「細節擷取題」(Detail Question),題型屬於「反向否定判斷」(Negative Fact / NOT question)。考生須具備以下能力:
- 關鍵字定位(Scanning):能依據題幹與選項中的具體名詞,迅速在文章中掃描並鎖定相關資訊段落。
- 基礎生活字彙理解:掌握常見食材、餐飲料理相關的基礎名詞(如 onion、corn、mushroom、tomato 等)。
解題方法
- 審題鎖定關鍵字: 題幹問「Which of the following ingredients is NOT mentioned in the passage?」(下列哪一項食材未在文章中被提及?),核心關鍵字為 ingredients(食材、配料)以及反向否定詞 NOT。
- 快速回文定位(Scanning): 尋找文章中提到「配料、餡料」之處。文章在說明煎蛋步驟的第三步中出現配料列舉:
"Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc." (第三,搖晃平底鍋使蛋液均勻分布,接著靜置 20 秒直到開始冒泡。加入任何餡料,例如洋蔥、玉米、蘑菇等。)
- 對照選項排除: 將四個選項與該句中的舉例對比,有出現者予以排除,未出現者即為正確答案。
選項分析
- (A) Corn(玉米):錯誤。 原文於第三步驟明確列出:「Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushro
第 49 題
【題組共用題幹】
Are you interested in making a French omelet? Below are some steps you may follow:
First, whisk together the eggs until just mixed, then season. Lay out any fillings by the hob. Second, heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter and “swirl” to coat. When the foam begins to die down, pour in the eggs. They should sizzle. Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc. Next, use a fork to draw in the sides of the eggs to the center while shaking the pan to redistribute the liquid to the edges. The omelet is done when still slightly runny in the middle. Finally, take off the heat, and fold two edges into the middle. Shake the pan so they roll together, then tilt it and turn your omelet on to a warm plate (you can tidy it up before serving if you like). Season with salt and pepper, and then eat immediately!
What’s your favorite omelet recipe, and are you a stirrer or a shaker? And can these delicate French omelets ever compete with a whopping British half moon, oozing with cheese, and served with chips?
What does the word “swirl” mean?
核心觀念
本題考動詞 swirl 的語意判讀,須依前後文判斷它在烹飪步驟中的意思。題幹描述將奶油放入鍋中後,「swirl」使奶油均勻覆蓋鍋面,因此最接近「攪動、轉動」。
解題方法
關鍵句是:「add the butter and ‘swirl’ to coat.」意思是加入奶油,接著轉動或晃動鍋子,讓奶油覆蓋鍋底。四個選項中,Stir 最接近「攪動」,符合此處動作的目的與語境。
選項分析
- (A) Beat:打、攪打。 常用於快速攪打蛋液或奶油,例如 beat the eggs。題幹已用 whisk 表示打散蛋液,此處是讓奶油在鍋中移動,並非攪打。
第 50 題
【題組共用題幹】
Are you interested in making a French omelet? Below are some steps you may follow:
First, whisk together the eggs until just mixed, then season. Lay out any fillings by the hob. Second, heat a pan over a medium-high flame and add the butter and “swirl” to coat. When the foam begins to die down, pour in the eggs. They should sizzle. Third, shake the pan to distribute the eggs evenly, then leave for 20 seconds until they begin to bubble. Add any filling such as onion, corn, mushrooms, etc. Next, use a fork to draw in the sides of the eggs to the center while shaking the pan to redistribute the liquid to the edges. The omelet is done when still slightly runny in the middle. Finally, take off the heat, and fold two edges into the middle. Shake the pan so they roll together, then tilt it and turn your omelet on to a warm plate (you can tidy it up before serving if you like). Season with salt and pepper, and then eat immediately!
What’s your favorite omelet recipe, and are you a stirrer or a shaker? And can these delicate French omelets ever compete with a whopping British half moon, oozing with cheese, and served with chips?
Who is most likely to be the author of this passage?
核心觀念
本題考「根據文章內容與語氣推斷作者身分」。作者沒有直接介紹自己的職業,須從文章主題、用語及寫作目的判斷。
本文介紹法式歐姆蛋的製作步驟,並比較法式歐姆蛋與英式歐姆蛋,文末還詢問讀者喜歡哪種做法。內容聚焦於料理與飲食,作者最可能是對美食有興趣或具相關知識的人。
解題方法
先抓文章主旨:開頭詢問讀者是否想做法式歐姆蛋,接著按順序說明打蛋、加熱奶油、煎蛋、加入配料與折疊等步驟;最後邀請讀者分享食譜和做法偏好。因此,文章屬於料理介紹或美食交流,而非藝術、政治或工程領域的說明。