114 一般警察特考四等 水上警察人員類別輪機組 英文 考古題詳解
第 1 題2 分
When stepping out of the aircraft, he fell vertically before opening his ____.
核心觀念
本題考單字辨義與上下文判讀。句意是「他走出飛機時,在打開他的__之前垂直下墜。」搭配「從飛機跳出、下墜、打開」的情境,空格應填能在空中張開以減緩下墜的物品。
解題方法
先根據句子的動作與情境推斷所需物品:人從飛機離開後會向下落,在下墜過程中打開降落傘。因此,空格應選「降落傘」的英文 parachute。
選項分析
第 2 題2 分
Ice cracked at the lake’s edges at first, thereby ____ some melted snow beneath.
核心觀念
本題考查動詞的語意與前後文的因果關係。thereby 表示「因此、藉此」,後面接動名詞,說明前面動作所造成的結果。
reveal 是「顯露、使看見」;conceal 則是「隱藏、遮掩」。冰在湖邊裂開,使底下融化的雪露出來,語意最通順。
解題方法
先看句意:冰一開始在湖邊裂開,thereby ____ some melted snow beneath,表示冰裂開「因此使底下的一些融雪……」。依前後因果,底下的融雪應是被顯露出來,所以填入 revealing。
句中的 thereby 後接動名詞,四個選項都符合形式;因此應以語意搭配判斷。
選項分析
第 3 題2 分
I’m trying to train my husband to do the ____ bit of housework so that I can take a rest sometimes.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與常見搭配。句中 do the ____ bit of housework 指「做一小部分家事」;occasional 表示「偶爾的、間或發生的」,可用來描述偶爾需要做的家事。
解題方法
先看句意:說話者想訓練丈夫分擔家事,讓自己有時可以休息。空格後的 bit 是「一點、一小部分」,整句可理解為「讓丈夫偶爾做一點家事」。因此選表示「偶爾的」的 occasional。
選項分析
第 4 題2 分
Some people believe one day it will be possible to ____ rockets to the moon from their backyard.
核心觀念
本題考動詞的語意與常見搭配。句意為:「有些人相信,有一天人們將能從自家後院把火箭發射到月球。」
表示「發射火箭」時,常用 launch a rocket。句中的 to the moon 說明火箭發射的目的地,from their backyard 則表示發射地點。
解題方法
先看空格後面的受詞 rockets,再看後面的方向片語 to the moon。整句需要一個能表示「把火箭送上太空」的動詞,因此選擇 launch。
選項分析
第 5 題2 分
The tenants are ____ for any damage they have done to the apartment they rent.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與搭配。句意是:「房客須對他們造成的任何租屋處損害負責。」關鍵搭配是 be liable for + 名詞,表示「對……負有責任;須對……負責」。
解題方法
先看空格後的 for any damage。「對損害負責」可表達為 be liable for any damage,因此選 liable。句中的 they have done 是修飾 damage 的關係子句,意為「他們造成的損害」。
選項分析
第 6 題2 分
Music is usually considered a(n) ____ language.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與語境搭配。句意是:「音樂通常被視為一種__語言。」音樂能跨越不同語言與文化,傳達情感與訊息,因此常被稱為「普世的語言」。
解題方法
先讀出句子的核心意思,再判斷哪個形容詞能自然修飾 language(語言)。描述音樂能被不同文化的人理解或感受時,常用 universal language,意為「普世的語言」。
選項分析
- (A) unionized:意為「已組成工會的、工會化的」,常用來形容勞工或工作場所;不適合形容音樂語言。
第 7 題2 分
Refugees are often forced to ____ their own country in wartime in order to seek safety.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意與搭配」。句意是:「戰時,難民常被迫離開自己的國家,以尋求安全。」空格需要填入表示「逃離、離開」的動詞,且能與 their own country 搭配。
解題方法
先抓句中的線索:in wartime 表示「戰時」,in order to seek safety 表示「為了尋求安全」。前後語意顯示,難民必須離開原本居住的國家,因此選表示「逃離」的 flee。句型中的 are forced to 後接原形動詞,所以 flee 的形式也符合文法。
選項分析
第 8 題2 分
Studies show that daylight ____ in the morning tends to lead to better sleep at night.
核心觀念
本題考常見字彙的詞義與固定搭配。exposure to daylight 指「接觸日光、曝露於日光」,句中 daylight exposure 即「日光照射/日光曝露」。研究指出,早晨接觸日光有助於夜間睡眠。
解題方法
先看句意:in the morning 表示「在早上」,後半句說這樣做往往會讓夜間睡眠更好。空格應填入表示「接觸、曝露」的名詞,形成 daylight exposure in the morning,語意與文法都通順。
選項分析
- (A) disclosure:意為「揭露、公開」,常用於資訊或秘密的公開,例如
disclosure of information。
第 9 題2 分
This severe pandemic has led to many small businesses going ____.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞 + 形容詞」的固定搭配,以及字義判讀。go bankrupt 是常見片語,意為「破產、倒閉」。
解題方法
句意是:「這場嚴重的疫情導致許多小型企業紛紛 ____。」疫情造成企業營運困難,最符合語意的是「破產」,因此填入 bankrupt,構成 go bankrupt。
選項分析
- (A) bankrupt:正確。
go bankrupt意為「破產、倒閉」,符合疫情使小型企業陷入經營困境的句意。 - (B) bony:錯誤。 意為「骨瘦如柴的、骨頭多的」,通常形容人或動物;
第 10 題2 分
Plants are able to use their roots to ____ both moisture and minerals from the soil.
核心觀念
本題考植物根部從土壤中取得水分與礦物質時,應使用的動詞。句中的 both A and B 表示「A 和 B 兩者都」,所以空格後的 both moisture and minerals from the soil 是動詞的受詞,意為「從土壤中取得水分和礦物質」。
解題方法
先看主詞 Plants(植物)和工具 their roots(它們的根),再判斷根部對水分與礦物質會進行什麼動作。植物根部會從土壤中「吸收」水分和礦物質,因此應選 absorb。
句意為:「植物能利用根部從土壤中吸收水分和礦物質。」
選項分析
第 11 題2 分
The ____ on all the drinks in the store is exclusive to women, in celebration of International Women’s Day.
核心觀念
本題考單字在語境中的意思,以及常見搭配詞。句中的 promotion 指「促銷、優惠活動」,常見搭配有 a promotion on drinks(飲料促銷)和 a special promotion(特別優惠)。
解題方法
句意是:「為了慶祝國際婦女節,店內所有飲料的__僅限女性享有。」由 on all the drinks in the store 可知,空格應填與商品優惠相關的字;後面的 exclusive to women 則表示優惠的對象僅限女性。因此選 promotion。
選項分析
第 12 題2 分
Students suffered only minor injuries in the bus crash yesterday, but the driver was unconscious and in ____ condition.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與固定搭配。句中 in ____ condition 表示「處於……狀態」,而前半句提到司機在事故後失去意識,空格應填表示「危急、嚴重」的形容詞。
解題方法
先看語意線索:學生只有輕傷(only minor injuries),但司機失去意識(was unconscious),兩者形成對比。司機的狀況顯然較為嚴重,因此選擇與 condition 搭配、表示病情或傷勢危急的 critical。in critical condition 是常見搭配,意為「情況危急」。
選項分析
- (A) critical 危急的、嚴重的:符合司機失去意識後的傷勢描述;
in critical condition表示「情況危急」,正確。
第 13 題2 分
A study found that when people consumed caffeine even six hours prior to bedtime, it significantly ____ their sleep.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意與上下文搭配」。句意是:一項研究發現,即使在就寢前六小時攝取咖啡因,也會顯著地__睡眠。空格需要填入能表示「干擾、擾亂」睡眠的動詞。
解題方法
先看受詞 their sleep(他們的睡眠),再依前文 caffeine(咖啡因)判斷語意。咖啡因可能影響睡眠品質,因此空格應選擇帶有「使睡眠受到干擾」意思的動詞。disturb 可表示「打擾、干擾」,且常與 sleep 搭配;句中用過去式 disturbed,符合 found that 所引述的研究結果。
選項分析
第 14 題2 分
We should not be limited by our own age or gender for we all have more ____ than we think.
核心觀念
本題考單字語意與上下文判斷。句意是:「我們不應受自己的年齡或性別限制,因為每個人的__都比自己想像的更多。」空格應填入表示「潛能、潛力」的名詞 potential。
解題方法
先抓住前半句的關鍵語意:不受年齡或性別限制。後半句的 for 表示原因,說明不該受限的理由是「每個人都有比自己想像中更多的潛力」。因此,空格需要填入與個人能力或發展可能性相關的名詞。
選項分析
- (A) criticism:批評、批判。語意是「每個人受到的批評比自己想像的更多」,無法合理說明為何不該受年齡或性別限制。
第 15 題2 分
Baseball is ____ to be played outdoors, not in a gym or fitness center.
核心觀念
本題考固定用法 be meant to + 原形動詞,表示「意在……、本來就應該……」。主詞是某事物時,常用來說明它的預定用途或適當做法。
解題方法
空格後方是 to be played outdoors,因此空格應填入能與 to 搭配、形成完整慣用語的過去分詞。句意為:「棒球本來就是要在戶外進行,而不是在體育館或健身中心。」
選項分析
- (A) meant:正確。 be meant to + 原形動詞表示「本來就是要……、 предназнач於……」。句中形成 is meant to be played,意思是「本來就是要在戶外進行」。
- **(B) mocked:錯誤。
第 16 題2 分
I try not to be around ____ people for too long because they really bring me down.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義判斷與上下文線索。句中 bring me down 指「使我情緒低落、使我沮喪」,因此空格應填入形容容易悲觀、常往負面方向思考的人。
解題方法
句意是:「我盡量不和 ____ 的人待太久,因為他們真的會讓我情緒低落。」後半句說明這些人的影響是讓說話者心情變差,與「悲觀」的性格相符,因此選 pessimistic。
選項分析
- (A) persistent:堅持不懈的、持續的。描述做事有毅力或某事持續存在,與讓人情緒低落的線索不符。
- (B) pessimistic:悲觀的、負面的。
第 17 題2 分
The workers in the factory ____ a strike to protest against the bad working environment.
核心觀念
本題考查動詞 launch 的慣用搭配。launch a strike 表示「發動罷工」,句意是:工廠工人為了抗議惡劣的工作環境而發動罷工。
解題方法
先從句意判斷,工人採取的行動應是「發動」罷工;再檢查選項中哪個動詞能和 a strike 自然搭配。launch 可表示發起或開始一項行動,符合句意與用法。
選項分析
- (A) laundered:launder 是「洗滌」或「洗錢」,不表示發動罷工。
- (B) launched:launch a strike 是「發動罷工」,符合句意。
第 18 題2 分
It is well-known that knowledge is the ____ condition for the accumulation of wisdom.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞 indispensable 的字義與固定搭配。句意是:「眾所周知,知識是智慧累積過程中不可或缺的條件。」
indispensable 表示「不可或缺的、必需的」,常用於 an indispensable condition(不可或缺的條件)。
解題方法
先看句意:「知識」與「智慧的累積」之間,最合邏輯的關係是知識為智慧累積所必需。再檢視選項中形容詞的意思,選出能表達「必要、不可缺少」者。
選項分析
- (A) incompatible:不相容的、不能共存的。表示知識與智慧累積彼此衝突,與句意不合。
第 19 題2 分
Teachers nowadays are expected to keep ____ with the latest technological development.
核心觀念
本題考固定搭配 keep pace with,意思是「跟上、與……同步」。句中主詞是教師,受詞是最新的科技發展,表示教師應跟上科技變化。
解題方法
看到 keep ____ with,先判斷空格是否能組成常見片語。keep pace with + 名詞 表示「跟上某事物的步調」,因此可填 pace。
全句意為:「如今,教師被期待能跟上最新的科技發展。」
選項分析
第 20 題2 分
The international conventions try to establish legal standards for ____ treatment in war.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與固定搭配。句意為:「國際公約試圖確立戰爭中的__待遇之法律標準。」描述戰爭中應遵守的人道待遇,慣用 humanitarian treatment,意為「人道待遇」。
解題方法
先看空格後的 treatment(待遇),再搭配句中 in war(在戰爭中) 判斷語意。國際公約所確立的標準,是要求戰爭中的人受到合乎人道的對待,因此應填 humanitarian。
全句可譯為:「國際公約試圖確立戰爭中人道待遇的法律標準。」
選項分析
- (A) humpbacked:駝背的,形容人的背部外觀,與「待遇」及戰爭中的法律標準無關。
- (B) humanitarian:人道的、人道主義的。
第 21 題2 分
It is a real ____ that the little girl survived the terrible crash which claimed many lives.
核心觀念
本題考「依上下文判斷名詞詞義」及常見搭配。句意是:「這名小女孩在奪走許多生命的嚴重車禍中倖存,真是個 ____。」空格需要填入表示「奇蹟」的名詞,才能呼應她在重大事故中生還的結果。
解題方法
先看句中的關鍵線索:survived the terrible crash(在嚴重車禍中倖存),以及 which claimed many lives(那場車禍奪走許多人的性命)。這些描述凸顯事故嚴重、生還不易,因此空格應填表示「奇蹟」的 miracle。
常見搭配是 a real miracle,意為「真是個奇蹟」。冠詞 a 後方也應接可數名詞單數;四個選項皆符合此形式,仍須根據語意判斷。
選項分析
第 22 題2 分
If you feel sleepy, you can ____ your seat to the position you feel comfortable.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞搭配」與字義辨析。句意是:「如果你覺得想睡,可以把座位調整到你覺得舒服的位置。」空格需要填入表示「調整、調節」的動詞。
解題方法
先看受詞 your seat(你的座位),再看後面的 to the position you feel comfortable(到你覺得舒服的位置)。能與 seat 搭配、並表示改變位置或角度以符合需求的動詞是 adjust。
選項分析
- (A) adjust:調整、調節。 adjust your seat to a comfortable position 表示「把座位調整到舒適的位置」,符合句意,為正確答案。
第 23 題2 分
We decided not to undertake the project because of the ____ costs involved.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的語意與上下文搭配。句中 because of 表示「因為」,後半句需說明不承接計畫的原因;costs involved 是「所涉及的成本」。
解題方法
先看句意:「我們決定不承接這項計畫,因為涉及的成本太__。」不承接計畫通常是因成本高昂,因此應選表示「巨大、龐大」的 enormous。
選項分析
- (A) affordable:「負擔得起的」。表示成本可負擔,與拒絕計畫的原因不合。
- (B) enormous:「巨大的、龐大的」。形容成本高昂,符合前後文,正確。
第 24 題2 分
Dreams may ____ the individual’s need to process experiences mentally while in an unconscious state.
核心觀念
本題考單字在句中的語意與搭配。句意是:「夢可能會 ____ 個人在無意識狀態下,於心理上處理經驗的需求。」空格需要填入表示「反映」的動詞,使前後意思通順。
解題方法
先看句型:主詞是 Dreams,空格後接受詞 the individual’s need。再將各選項代入,判斷哪個動詞能表達「夢呈現或反映個人的需求」。
填入 reflect 後,句意為:夢可能會反映個人在無意識狀態下,以心理方式處理經驗的需求。語意自然,搭配也正確。
選項分析
第 25 題2 分
The coming typhoon ____ our plan to take a vacation at the beach.
核心觀念
本題考英文動詞的詞義與搭配。句意為:「即將來臨的颱風 ____ 我們到海邊度假的計畫。」空格須填入能表示「使計畫受挫、破壞計畫」的動詞。
解題方法
先看主詞 The coming typhoon(即將來臨的颱風)與受詞 our plan(我們的計畫)之間的語意關係:颱風會妨礙或打亂度假計畫,因此應選擇表示「使受挫、挫敗」的 frustrated。
全句意思是:「即將來臨的颱風打亂了我們到海邊度假的計畫。」
選項分析
- (A) frustrated:正確。 frustrate a plan 表示「使計畫受挫、挫敗計畫」,符合颱風對度假計畫造成的影響。
- **(B) dominated:錯誤。
第 26 題2 分
____ can cause painful emotions and even drive lovers to lose their reason and act foolishly.
核心觀念 本題考查情緒相關字彙,尤其是能造成痛苦情緒、使戀人失去理智並做出愚蠢行為的詞。句中的 painful emotions(痛苦的情緒)、lose their reason(失去理智)和 act foolishly(行為愚蠢)都帶有強烈負面語意。
解題方法 先判斷句意需要填入一種會帶來負面情緒、甚至使戀人失去理智的事物,再比對各選項的語意。能符合這些線索的是「嫉妒」。
句意為:「嫉妒會造成痛苦的情緒,甚至使戀人失去理智、做出愚蠢的行為。」
選項分析
第 27 題2 分
While the streets had been ____ during the day, they were crowded at night.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義,以及句子前後語意的對比。句意是:「街道白天很__,但夜晚卻很擁擠。」空格應填入能與「夜晚擁擠」形成對照的詞,表示白天街上空蕩、沒什麼人。
解題方法
先看轉折連接詞 while(然而、而),後半句說夜晚街道「擁擠」(crowded),因此前半句應描述白天街道「空蕩」。vacant 可指空著的、無人的,符合句意。
選項分析
第 28 題2 分
The firefighter ____ to break into the burning room to rescue the child inside.
核心觀念
本題考辨近形動詞的意思與搭配。句意是「消防員 ____ 破門進入燃燒中的房間,救出裡面的孩子」,空格需要填入表示「嘗試、企圖」的動詞。
解題方法
空格後接不定詞片語 to break into,表示消防員「試圖破門進入」。attempt to + 原形動詞意為「試圖做……」,符合句意與文法。
選項分析
- (A) admired:admire 意為「欽佩、欣賞」,不能表示「試圖做某事」;admire 後常接名詞或動名詞,不符合此處語意。
- (B) attempted:attempt 意為「嘗試、企圖」;
第 29 題2 分
A good dictionary will provide learners with clear and simple ____ of words and phrases.
核心觀念
本題考單字辨義與常見搭配。句意是「一本好的字典會為學習者提供清楚、簡單的單字與片語__。」字典通常提供的是字詞的「定義、釋義」,因此空格應填 definitions。
解題方法
先看空格前的形容詞 clear and simple(清楚且簡單的),再看後面的 of words and phrases(單字與片語的)。能與這些線索自然搭配的,是「單字與片語的定義」:clear and simple definitions of words and phrases。
選項分析
- (A) definitions:正確。 意為「定義、釋義」。definitions of words and phrases 指「單字與片語的釋義」,符合字典的功
第 30 題2 分
The company’s sales have ____ by 10 percent because of the global trade slowdown and weak demand.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意與搭配」。句意為:「由於全球貿易趨緩及需求疲弱,公司的銷售額已__10%。」空格需要表示銷售額下降的動詞。
解題方法
先抓句中的線索 by 10 percent。表示數量「增加或減少了多少」時,常用「動詞+by+幅度」;再依後面的原因 global trade slowdown and weak demand(全球貿易趨緩及需求疲弱),判斷銷售額應是下滑。
選項分析
- (A) declined:decline 表示「下降、減少」,可用於銷售額、價格或數量。sales have declined by 10 percent 即「銷售額已下降 10%」,符合句意。
第 31 題2 分
When the president delivered the speech, a professional interpreter translated it into French ____ for the guests.
核心觀念
本題考副詞的語意與句意搭配。句中描述總統發表演說時,專業口譯員同步將內容翻譯成法文,供來賓聆聽。空格需要填入表示「同時地、同步地」的副詞。
解題方法
先看時間線索 When the president delivered the speech(總統發表演說時),再看口譯員當時所做的事:將演說翻譯成法文。這表示翻譯與演說同時進行,因此選擇 simultaneously。
選項分析
- (A) simultaneously(同時地、同步地):符合演說與口譯同時進行的情境,正確。
- **(B) ironically(諷刺地;
第 32 題2 分
Without continued private funding, the organization would ____ to exist.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞+不定詞」的常見搭配,以及動詞 cease 的意思。cease to exist 是固定用法,表示「停止存在、消失」。
解題方法
句意是:「若沒有持續的私人資金挹注,這個組織就會 ____ 存在。」
空格後是 to exist,且句意需要表達組織將不復存在,因此填入 cease,形成 cease to exist,意為「停止存在」。
選項分析
- (A) appear:意為「出現、似乎」。appear to exist 是「似乎存在」,不符合「沒有資金就不復存在」的句意。
- (B) cease:意為「停止」。
第 33 題2 分
The refugees were living in overcrowded slums in conditions of great ____.
核心觀念
本題考名詞的字義,以及形容居住環境困苦時常用的搭配。句中的 overcrowded slums(過度擁擠的貧民窟)已呈現難以生活的環境;空格前的 great 用來修飾名詞,應填入表示「苦難、悲慘」的字。
解題方法
先看上下文判斷語意:難民住在過度擁擠的貧民窟,生活狀況應十分困苦。再比對選項,misery 是「痛苦、苦難、悲慘」,且 in conditions of great misery 表示「處於極其困苦的環境」,語意與搭配均吻合。
選項分析
第 34 題2 分
During a period of economic ____, it’s common for the stock market to take a hit and people to lose their jobs.
核心觀念
本題考經濟情境中的字義與搭配詞。economic recession 指「經濟衰退」,常伴隨股市下跌與失業增加,符合句中描述。
解題方法
先看句意:在某種經濟狀況期間,股市受到衝擊,人們失去工作。這是在描述經濟活動下滑的情形,因此空格應填表示「衰退」的字。
選項分析
- (A) suppression:壓制、抑制,常指對言論、活動或情緒的壓抑,並非表示經濟衰退。
- (B) digression:離題、偏離主題,與經濟狀況無關。
第 35 題2 分
Answering questions from students ____ much of the professor’s time.
核心觀念
本題考動詞 occupy 的意思與用法。occupy someone’s time 表示「佔用某人的時間、使某人忙於某事」。句子的主詞是動名詞片語 Answering questions from students(回答學生的問題),描述這件事佔去了教授許多時間。
解題方法
先看句意:回答學生問題這件事「____ 教授許多時間」。空格需要能和 much of the professor’s time 搭配,表示「佔用時間」的動詞;occupied 正好符合句意與搭配。
完整句意為:「回答學生的問題佔去了教授許多時間。」
選項分析
- (A) collected:意為「收集、聚集」。通常說 collect information(收集資訊),不表示「佔用某人的時間」。
第 36 題2 分
A diet that is ____ in protein may cause your muscles to shrink and lead to weakness.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞 deficient 的語意,以及形容詞與介系詞 in 的搭配。deficient in + 名詞表示「缺乏……、……不足」。
解題方法
句意是:「蛋白質 ____ 的飲食可能使肌肉萎縮,並導致虛弱。」肌肉萎縮、身體虛弱是蛋白質攝取不足可能造成的結果,因此空格應填表示「不足、缺乏」的 deficient。
選項分析
- (A) vigorous:意為「精力充沛的、強健的」,通常形容人、活動或運動;vigorous in protein 不合句意與搭配。
- (B) deficient:意為「缺乏的、不足的」;
第 37 題2 分
In criminal cases, it is necessary for the ____ to find a unanimous verdict.
核心觀念
本題考「陪審團」的英文,以及常見搭配詞。jury 是由陪審員組成、負責在審判中判斷事實並作出裁決的團體;verdict 是「裁決、判決」,而 unanimous verdict 指「一致決」。
解題方法
句意是:「在刑事案件中,必須由__作出一致裁決。」從句意和搭配詞 find a verdict(作出裁決)判斷,空格應填代表陪審團的 jury。英文常說 the jury finds a verdict,因此選 (C)。
選項分析
第 38 題2 分
Many Japanese seniors would rather move to the countryside to escape the hassles of ____ life.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義,以及形容詞與名詞的搭配。句中的 life 前方有空格,應填入能描述某種生活型態的形容詞;後半句 to escape the hassles of ... life 表示「為了逃離……生活的種種麻煩」。
解題方法
先看語意線索:move to the countryside 是「搬到鄉下」,與鄉村相對的是「都市」。因此,長者搬到鄉下是為了逃離「都市生活」的種種麻煩,空格應填 urban,形成常見搭配 urban life。
選項分析
第 39 題2 分
Ever since we raised these two hens in our backyard last Friday, they have ____ 10 eggs.
核心觀念
本題考「母雞下蛋」的動詞搭配,以及現在完成式。表示母雞生下、產下蛋,英文用 lay eggs;句中的 have 則與過去分詞 laid 組成現在完成式,表示從上週五開始到現在已經下了 10 顆蛋。
解題方法
先看主詞 these two hens(這兩隻母雞)和受詞 10 eggs(10 顆蛋)的語意關係:母雞是產下蛋的一方,因此要用 lay。再依句型 have + 過去分詞,填入 lay 的過去分詞 laid。
句意:自從上週五我們把這兩隻母雞養在後院以來,牠們已經下了 10 顆蛋。
選項分析
第 40 題2 分
Lack of experience is a major ____ for him to run his business.
核心觀念
本題考單字語意與句意判讀。句中的 lack of experience 是「缺乏經驗」,run his business 是「經營他的事業」;空格需要填入表示「阻礙、障礙」的名詞,才能表達缺乏經驗對他經營事業造成不利影響。
解題方法
句型為 A is a major ____ for B,意思是「A 是 B 的一大……」。判斷空格詞義時,先看前後文:缺乏經驗會妨礙經營事業,因此應填 obstacle(障礙)。
選項分析
第 41 題2 分
Technology has changed the world into a ____ village and people have all become neighbors.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與語意搭配。句意為:「科技已將世界改變成一個 ____ 的村莊,人們也都成了鄰居。」空格應填入能表達世界因科技連結而縮小、彼此接近的形容詞。
解題方法
先看後半句「人們都成了鄰居」,可知前半句是在比喻世界變得像一個彼此緊密相連的村莊。英文常用 global village(地球村)形容科技與通訊使世界各地的人更容易互相連結,因此空格填 global。
選項分析
- (A) global(全球的):正確。global village 是「地球村」的固定搭配,符合科技讓世界各地的人彼此接近的句意。
第 42 題2 分
Since he came back from his business trip last night, David has ____ in bed for more than ten hours.
核心觀念
本題考 lie、lay 等容易混淆動詞的變化,以及現在完成式的用法。
句中 Since he came back ... last night 表示「自從他昨晚回來以來」,主句使用現在完成式 has + 過去分詞,描述 David 從昨晚回來到現在一直躺在床上的狀態。
表示「躺、平放」的不及物動詞 lie,變化為:
| 原形 | 過去式 | 過去分詞 |
|---|---|---|
| lie(躺) | lay | lain |
解題方法
先看空格前的 has:現在完成式須接動詞的過去分詞。再依句意判斷,David 是「躺在床上」,應選表示「躺」的 lie,其過去分詞為 lain。
句意為:「David 昨晚出差回來後,已經在床上躺了十多個小時。」
選項分析
第 43 題2 分
As heavy snow is hitting the capital area, commuters should watch out for delay or ____ of railway and bus services.
核心觀念
本題考查單字詞義與常見搭配。句意是:「首都地區正遭遇大雪,通勤者應留意鐵路和公車服務的延誤或__。」
空格與 delay 並列,應填入表示服務「暫停、中止」的名詞,和「延誤」共同描述惡劣天候對交通服務的影響。
解題方法
先抓住 As heavy snow is hitting the capital area(首都地區正遭遇大雪)這個情境,再看 watch out for(留意、提防)以及 delay or ____ of railway and bus services 的並列結構。大雪可能造成班次延誤,也可能使鐵路或公車服務暫停,因此空格應選 suspension。
選項分析
- (A) suspension:暫停、中止。 suspension of services 是「服務暫停」的常見搭配,符合大雪可能造成交通服務延誤或中止的語意,正確。
第 44 題2 分
Plants have to make use of sunlight to ____ nutrients vital to their health and growth.
核心觀念
本題考動詞字義與搭配。句意是植物利用陽光來「製造」對健康與生長至關重要的養分,因此空格需要能表達「製造、製作」的動詞。
解題方法
先看句型:make use of sunlight to ____ nutrients,其中 to 後方接原形動詞,空格後的受詞是 nutrients(養分)。能與「養分」搭配、且符合句意的是 manufacture,即「製造」。
選項分析
- (A) assassinate:暗殺,通常以人為受詞,不能表達植物製造養分。
- (B) manufacture:製造、製作。
第 45 題2 分
Due to the ____ rise in oil prices, bus companies are considering raising ticket prices.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的語意,以及它和名詞的搭配。空格後接 rise in oil prices(油價上漲),句意是:「由於油價____上漲,公車公司正在考慮調漲票價。」應選能形容油價漲幅驚人、幅度很大的形容詞。
解題方法
先掌握句子因果關係:油價上漲幅度大,公車公司的營運成本增加,因此考慮調漲票價。符合「幅度驚人」的形容詞是 staggering,常用來表示「驚人的、令人震驚的」,可形容數字、漲幅或變化大到令人驚訝。
選項分析
- (A) appealing:吸引人的、令人喜愛的。通常形容外觀、提議或特質;「吸引人的油價上漲」不合句意。
第 46 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest contract manufacturer of semiconductor chips. Located in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan, TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang. TSMC went public in Taiwan’s stock market in 1994. As of 2021, it has become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Most of the leading technological companies are customers of TSMC, including AMD, Apple, Intel, MediaTek, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm, to name but a few. Today TSMC controls more than half the global market for made-to-order chips. Products such as iPhones, automobiles, and supercomputers are all dependent on TSMC for making their chips. It is widely acknowledged that most of the credit goes to Morris Chang in TSMC’s success story.
Born in 1931, Chang had originally planned to become a writer. However, his father convinced him that engineering would be a more stable career. In 1949, Chang moved to the United States to attend Harvard University. Later, he transferred to MIT, where he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Then in 1964, Chang earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. From 1958 to 1983, Chang worked for Texas Instruments, responsible for the company’s semiconductor business. To promote technological development in Taiwan, Chang founded TSMC. Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.
In 1998, Businessweek selected Chang as one of the top 25 managers of the year. Later the same year, he was named by Bancamerica as one of the most significant contributors in the fifty years of semiconductor industry. In 2018, Chang formally announced his retirement. Reflecting upon the wisdom he has gained as CEO of TSMC, Chang remarked that everything in a company must constantly be made anew for that is the only way to make a difference.
What is the main purpose of this passage?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀測驗的主旨判斷:抓出文章反覆呈現的核心人物與事件,再選出能涵蓋全文的選項。文章以台積電的發展為背景,並著重介紹創辦人張忠謀的經歷、貢獻與影響。
解題方法
先看首段:文章介紹台積電的規模、客戶與產品,並指出張忠謀對台積電成功的重要貢獻。接著兩段轉而描述張忠謀的求學與職涯、創立台積電的原因、帶領公司發展的成果,以及獲獎與退休後的感想。
因此,全文是在說明台積電的成功歷程,以及張忠謀在其中的重要角色,與選項 (B) 相符。
選項分析
-
(A) To offer solutions to the extreme dependence of leading companies on TSMC. 錯誤。文章提到許多科技公司仰賴台積電製造晶片,但沒有提出降低依賴或解決依賴問題的方法。
-
(B) To describe the success story of TSMC and Morris Chang’s influential role in it. 正確。文章介紹台積電的成立、全球地位與技術發展,也說明張忠謀的創業背景、領導貢獻及其對公司成功的影響,完整涵蓋全文主旨。
第 47 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest contract manufacturer of semiconductor chips. Located in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan, TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang. TSMC went public in Taiwan’s stock market in 1994. As of 2021, it has become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Most of the leading technological companies are customers of TSMC, including AMD, Apple, Intel, MediaTek, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm, to name but a few. Today TSMC controls more than half the global market for made-to-order chips. Products such as iPhones, automobiles, and supercomputers are all dependent on TSMC for making their chips. It is widely acknowledged that most of the credit goes to Morris Chang in TSMC’s success story.
Born in 1931, Chang had originally planned to become a writer. However, his father convinced him that engineering would be a more stable career. In 1949, Chang moved to the United States to attend Harvard University. Later, he transferred to MIT, where he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Then in 1964, Chang earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. From 1958 to 1983, Chang worked for Texas Instruments, responsible for the company’s semiconductor business. To promote technological development in Taiwan, Chang founded TSMC. Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.
In 1998, Businessweek selected Chang as one of the top 25 managers of the year. Later the same year, he was named by Bancamerica as one of the most significant contributors in the fifty years of semiconductor industry. In 2018, Chang formally announced his retirement. Reflecting upon the wisdom he has gained as CEO of TSMC, Chang remarked that everything in a company must constantly be made anew for that is the only way to make a difference.
Which of the following companies is NOT mentioned as a buyer of products or services from TSMC?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節辨識」。作答時須依據文章內容判斷哪些公司被明確提及為 TSMC 的客戶,不能以文章以外的背景知識代替原文資訊。
解題方法
文章第一段指出,TSMC 的客戶包括 AMD、Apple、Intel、MediaTek、NVIDIA 和 Qualcomm。逐一比對選項後,只有 ASML 沒有出現在這份客戶名單中,因此符合題目所問的「未被提及者」。
選項分析
第 48 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest contract manufacturer of semiconductor chips. Located in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan, TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang. TSMC went public in Taiwan’s stock market in 1994. As of 2021, it has become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Most of the leading technological companies are customers of TSMC, including AMD, Apple, Intel, MediaTek, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm, to name but a few. Today TSMC controls more than half the global market for made-to-order chips. Products such as iPhones, automobiles, and supercomputers are all dependent on TSMC for making their chips. It is widely acknowledged that most of the credit goes to Morris Chang in TSMC’s success story.
Born in 1931, Chang had originally planned to become a writer. However, his father convinced him that engineering would be a more stable career. In 1949, Chang moved to the United States to attend Harvard University. Later, he transferred to MIT, where he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Then in 1964, Chang earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. From 1958 to 1983, Chang worked for Texas Instruments, responsible for the company’s semiconductor business. To promote technological development in Taiwan, Chang founded TSMC. Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.
In 1998, Businessweek selected Chang as one of the top 25 managers of the year. Later the same year, he was named by Bancamerica as one of the most significant contributors in the fifty years of semiconductor industry. In 2018, Chang formally announced his retirement. Reflecting upon the wisdom he has gained as CEO of TSMC, Chang remarked that everything in a company must constantly be made anew for that is the only way to make a difference.
What does the word “cutting-edge” most likely mean in this passage?
核心觀念
本題考英文單字的語境判讀。cutting-edge 常用來形容技術、設備或產品「最先進的、尖端的」,相當於 state-of-the-art。
解題方法
先看單字所在句:「Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.」句中提到 TSMC 的廠房在研究、開發與生產方面居於領先地位,因此 cutting-edge plants 指採用先進技術與設備的廠房。
選項分析
- (A) Not exercising political or economic influence.「沒有行使政治或經濟影響力」是描述影響力,與形容廠房技術水準的 cutting-edge 不符。
第 49 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest contract manufacturer of semiconductor chips. Located in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan, TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang. TSMC went public in Taiwan’s stock market in 1994. As of 2021, it has become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Most of the leading technological companies are customers of TSMC, including AMD, Apple, Intel, MediaTek, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm, to name but a few. Today TSMC controls more than half the global market for made-to-order chips. Products such as iPhones, automobiles, and supercomputers are all dependent on TSMC for making their chips. It is widely acknowledged that most of the credit goes to Morris Chang in TSMC’s success story.
Born in 1931, Chang had originally planned to become a writer. However, his father convinced him that engineering would be a more stable career. In 1949, Chang moved to the United States to attend Harvard University. Later, he transferred to MIT, where he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Then in 1964, Chang earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. From 1958 to 1983, Chang worked for Texas Instruments, responsible for the company’s semiconductor business. To promote technological development in Taiwan, Chang founded TSMC. Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.
In 1998, Businessweek selected Chang as one of the top 25 managers of the year. Later the same year, he was named by Bancamerica as one of the most significant contributors in the fifty years of semiconductor industry. In 2018, Chang formally announced his retirement. Reflecting upon the wisdom he has gained as CEO of TSMC, Chang remarked that everything in a company must constantly be made anew for that is the only way to make a difference.
Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?
核心觀念
本題考英文閱讀理解,重點是從文章中定位人物經歷與獲獎資訊,並比對選項敘述是否與原文一致。作答時要留意年份、學位授予學校及工作經歷等細節。
解題方法
先找出各選項對應的段落,再核對原文:
- 第一段交代 TSMC 成立與上市年份。
- 第二段說明張忠謀的求學及工作經歷。
- 第三段介紹他獲得的肯定與退休。
將選項敘述與原文逐項比對,選出內容相符者。
選項分析
- (A) 錯誤。 原文指出 TSMC 於 1987 年成立,1994 年在台灣股票市場上市。兩者相隔七年,並非十年。
- (B) 錯誤。 原文列出的 TSMC 客戶包括 Apple、Intel 等公司;
第 50 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, or TSMC, is the world’s largest contract manufacturer of semiconductor chips. Located in Hsinchu Science Park in Taiwan, TSMC was founded in 1987 by Morris Chang. TSMC went public in Taiwan’s stock market in 1994. As of 2021, it has become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Most of the leading technological companies are customers of TSMC, including AMD, Apple, Intel, MediaTek, NVIDIA, and Qualcomm, to name but a few. Today TSMC controls more than half the global market for made-to-order chips. Products such as iPhones, automobiles, and supercomputers are all dependent on TSMC for making their chips. It is widely acknowledged that most of the credit goes to Morris Chang in TSMC’s success story.
Born in 1931, Chang had originally planned to become a writer. However, his father convinced him that engineering would be a more stable career. In 1949, Chang moved to the United States to attend Harvard University. Later, he transferred to MIT, where he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Then in 1964, Chang earned his doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. From 1958 to 1983, Chang worked for Texas Instruments, responsible for the company’s semiconductor business. To promote technological development in Taiwan, Chang founded TSMC. Under his leadership, TSMC has constructed cutting-edge plants taking the lead in research, development, and production.
In 1998, Businessweek selected Chang as one of the top 25 managers of the year. Later the same year, he was named by Bancamerica as one of the most significant contributors in the fifty years of semiconductor industry. In 2018, Chang formally announced his retirement. Reflecting upon the wisdom he has gained as CEO of TSMC, Chang remarked that everything in a company must constantly be made anew for that is the only way to make a difference.
Which of the following words best describes the overall tone of this passage?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀中的「文章語氣」判斷。判斷時要看作者如何呈現資訊,以及是否流露寬容、懷疑或悲觀等情緒;文章內容正面,並不代表語氣一定帶有強烈情感。
解題方法
文章以 TSMC 的發展和張忠謀的經歷為主軸,列出創立時間、求學與工作背景、公司地位、客戶,以及退休等事實。作者也提到 TSMC 的成就與張忠謀的貢獻,但主要是在介紹和整理資訊,沒有以懷疑、悲觀或寬容的態度評論人物或事件。
因此,整體語氣是「客觀」(objective)。
選項分析
- (A) Tolerant(寬容的):寬容語氣通常出現在作者談及他人的錯誤、缺點或不同觀點時,表達接納或不苛責。本文沒有這類評價,故不適合。