108 一般警察特考四等 水上警察人員輪機組 英文 考古題詳解
第 1 題
John is a ____ worker. He arrives on time and leaves no mess behind.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義辨析。句意是:「John 是一位__的員工。他準時到達,離開時也不留下髒亂。」後一句描述他做事準時、負責且周到,因此空格應填 conscientious,表示「認真負責的、盡責的」。
解題方法
先根據第二句抓出線索:準時上班、工作後收拾整潔,都是員工具有責任感、做事細心的表現。再比對各選項的意思,選出最符合「盡責」的形容詞。
選項分析
- (A) conceited:自負的、驕傲自大的。描述一個人過度看重自己,與準時、整潔的工作習慣無關。
- (B) confident:有信心的、自信的。
第 2 題
We will be grateful if you ____ receipt of this message at your earliest convenience.
核心觀念
本題考常見商務英文搭配:acknowledge receipt of a message,意為「確認收到訊息」或「回覆告知已收悉」。句中的 receipt 是名詞,表示「收到、收件」,前面需要能表達「確認收到」的動詞。
解題方法
先看句意:We will be grateful if you ____ receipt of this message at your earliest convenience. 「若您能在方便時儘早__本訊息的收件情形,我們將不勝感激。」
依語意,空格應填「確認、告知已收到」。acknowledge receipt of ... 是固定且正式的用法,因此選 acknowledge。
選項分析
第 3 題
Wrong combinations of food can be not only unhealthy but ____.
核心觀念
本題考字義與語境判斷。句意為:「食物搭配不當不但不健康,還可能__。」空格應填入與「unhealthy(不健康)」語意相近、能形容不當食物搭配所造成危害的形容詞。
解題方法
先抓句型中的 not only A but also B(不但……而且……)。前後兩部分都在描述錯誤食物搭配的負面影響,因此空格應選帶有危害意味的字。
選項分析
- (A) pointless:無意義的、沒有用處的。通常形容行為、計畫或努力,與食物搭配造成的健康危害不合。
- (B) tempting:誘人的、吸引人的。
第 4 題
Sam felt a sudden ____ to get a run, so he put on the sneakers and set out.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞/形容詞搭配名詞」的字義判斷。句子描述 Sam 突然想去跑步,於是穿上運動鞋出門;空格應填表示「一時衝動、突然興起的念頭」的名詞。常見搭配為 feel an impulse to do something,意為「突然想做某事」。
解題方法
先看空格前的 a sudden(突然的),再看後面的 to get a run(去跑步)。前後語意顯示,Sam 忽然有了去跑步的念頭,因此選擇符合「突然的衝動」之意的 impulse。
整句可譯為:「Sam 突然想去跑步,於是穿上運動鞋出門了。」
選項分析
- (A) impulse:意為「衝動、一時興起的念頭」。a sudden impulse to do something 是自然搭配,符合句意,正確。
第 5 題
The whole country was in a state of shock when the national football team was ____ from the World Cup right after the first game.
核心觀念
本題考「世界盃淘汰出局」的語意,以及動詞與介系詞 from 的搭配。句意是:國家足球隊在第一場比賽後就被淘汰出世界盃,全國因此震驚。
eliminate 可表示「淘汰、使出局」;被動語態 be eliminated from a competition 即「在某項比賽中遭到淘汰」。
解題方法
先看空格後的 from the World Cup。句子描述球隊失去參賽資格、無法繼續競賽,因此應填入表示「淘汰」的 eliminated。此外,球隊是「被淘汰」,所以要用被動語態 was eliminated。
選項分析
第 6 題
Many plants ____ water through their roots from the soil and emit it from their leaves into atmosphere.
核心觀念
本題考植物從土壤吸收水分的過程,重點是動詞的字義與句意搭配。植物的根會從土壤「吸收」水分,再將水分由葉片散出;因此空格應填表示「吸收」的動詞。
解題方法
句意為:「許多植物透過根部從土壤中 ____ 水分,並將其由葉片散發到大氣中。」
後半句的 emit 是「散發、排出」,與前半句形成水分進入植物、再由葉片散出的流程。從土壤取得水分,最貼切的動詞是 absorb(吸收)。
選項分析
- (A) convey:傳送、運送。可描述水分在植物體內被運送,但不表示植物從土壤取得水分,與 through their roots from the soil 的語
第 7 題
For all the comfort that air-conditioning provides, home air conditioning is a(n) ____ in hot climates.
核心觀念
本題考名詞字義與語意搭配。空格前有不定冠詞 a(n),表示要填入單數可數名詞;句意則是「在炎熱氣候中,居家空調是__」。因此,應選出表示生活必需品的字。
解題方法
句首 For all the comfort that air-conditioning provides 表示「儘管空調帶來各種舒適」。後半句 home air conditioning is a(n) ____ in hot climates 說明炎熱地區的居家空調具有什麼地位。前後句意形成「雖然能帶來舒適,但在炎熱氣候中更是不可或缺」的語意,故空格應填 necessity(必需品、必要之物)。
選項分析
第 8 題
I ordered the latest edition of a pronunciation handbook, but I received an old ____ of it instead.
核心觀念
本題考字義辨析與語境搭配。version 是「版本、型式」,常用來指書籍、軟體或文件的不同版本。句中提到訂購最新版的發音手冊,卻收到一本舊版,因此空格應填 version。
解題方法
先找句中的對比線索:the latest edition(最新版)與 old ____(舊的……)形成「新版與舊版」的對比。再確認空格需要表示手冊的「版本」,所以選 version。
句意:我訂購了最新版的發音手冊,收到的卻是它的舊版本。
選項分析
- (A) version:正確。 意為「版本」,an old version of it 即「它的舊版本」,符合句意與搭配。
第 9 題
Lake Baikal, famous for its ____ winter scenery, is one of the most beautiful places on the planet.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義判讀。空格位於所有格形容詞 its 與名詞片語 winter scenery 之間,應填入能形容冬季景色的形容詞。句意為:「貝加爾湖以其__的冬季景色聞名,是地球上最美麗的地方之一。」
解題方法
先看句子後半的 one of the most beautiful places on the planet(地球上最美麗的地方之一),可知前文描述的是湖泊景色的正面特色。四個選項中,只有 magnificent 表示「壯麗的、宏偉的、極美的」,與景色搭配自然,句意也前後呼應。
選項分析
第 10 題
Optimists are more likely to see good and bad events occurring in their lives as being ____ rather than permanent.
核心觀念
本題考字義辨析與語意對比。句中的 rather than permanent(而非永久的)提示前面的空格要填入與 permanent(永久的、持久的)相反或相對的詞。
句意為:樂觀的人較可能將生活中發生的好事與壞事視為__,而非永久的。
解題方法
先抓出 rather than 所連接的對比:空格所填的詞須與 permanent 意思相對。能表示「暫時的、短暫的」是 temporary,放入句中語意通順。
選項分析
第 11 題
The only ____ of the car crash was a little boy and all the other passengers got killed on the spot.
核心觀念
本題考查名詞字義與上下文判讀。survivor 指「倖存者、生還者」;句中提到車禍發生後,其他乘客都當場死亡,因此空格應填表示「唯一生還者」的人。
解題方法
先看句意:「車禍中唯一的 ____ 是一名小男孩,其他乘客都當場死亡。」前後形成「一人存活、其他人死亡」的對比,空格需要填入表示「倖存者」的名詞。the only survivor 即「唯一的倖存者」。
選項分析
- (A) survivor(倖存者、生還者):符合句意。
The only survivor of the car crash表示「這場車禍中唯一的生還者」。
第 12 題
Students in Taiwan usually take a short nap after lunch to ____ themselves.
核心觀念
本題考查動詞的語意與常見搭配。句意是「台灣的學生通常午餐後小睡片刻,讓自己恢復精神」,空格應填入表示「使恢復精神、使振作」的動詞。
解題方法
先看句意:「午餐後小睡」通常是為了讓自己恢復精力,因此應選語意符合「恢復精神」的 refresh。句中的 themselves 是反身代名詞,指學生讓自己恢復精神;常見搭配為 refresh oneself。
選項分析
第 13 題
Roger likes to go to see a movie to get relaxed in his ____ time.
核心觀念
本題考 spare time 的固定搭配,意思是「空閒時間」。判斷時要看空格前的限定詞 his 和後面的 time,再選出能自然修飾 time 的字。
解題方法
句意是:「Roger 喜歡在他的空閒時間去看電影放鬆。」
英文常用 in one’s spare time 表示「在某人的空閒時間」,因此空格應填 spare:
Roger likes to go to see a movie to get relaxed in his spare time.
選項分析
第 14 題
The workers should be very ____ when they handle flammable gas.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與搭配。句意是:「工人處理易燃氣體時應該非常__。」空格需要表示處理危險物品時應有的「小心、謹慎」。
解題方法
先看語意線索 flammable gas(易燃氣體)。處理易燃氣體需要謹慎,因此應選 cautious(小心的、謹慎的)。句型 be cautious when ... 表示「在……時要小心」,符合文意與用法。
選項分析
- (A) cautious:正確。 意為「小心的、謹慎的」,符合處理易燃氣體的情境。
- (B) conscious:錯誤。 意為「有意識的、神志清醒的」;
第 15 題
Empathy and patience are crucial when we console those who are in the midst of ____ over the loss of their loved ones.
核心觀念
本題考單字語意與固定搭配。句意是:「當我們安慰那些因摯愛離世而正處於__中的人時,同理心與耐心至關重要。」空格應填入表示「哀悼、悲傷」的字。
in the midst of 意為「正處於……之中」,後面接名詞或動名詞;grieve over 意為「因……而悲傷、哀悼」。
解題方法
先看句尾 over the loss of their loved ones(因摯愛離世),可知空格須表達面對喪親時的情緒或狀態。再確認搭配:grieving over the loss 表示「因失去摯愛而悲傷」,符合語意;grieving 是動詞 grieve 的動名詞形式,適合置於 in the midst of 之後。
選項分析
- (A) grieving:正確。grieve over 表示「因……而悲傷、哀悼」;in the midst of grieving over the loss 即「正處於因失去摯愛而悲傷的過程中」。
第 16 題
Dozens of buildings in the town were destroyed in the earthquake; fortunately the 100-year-old church remained ____.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與上下文判斷。句意是:「鎮上數十棟建築在地震中被摧毀;幸運的是,這座百年教堂仍然 ____。」空格需要填入表示教堂在地震後仍保持完好、未受損的形容詞。
解題方法
先看前後語意:前半句說許多建築被地震摧毀,分號後的 fortunately(幸運的是)表示後半句是值得慶幸的結果。因此,教堂應是地震後仍然「完整無損」,與 remained(仍然保持)搭配,選擇表示完好狀態的形容詞。
選項分析
第 17 題
You ____ take care of that cut on your hand soon, or it will get infected.
核心觀念
本題考查表示「最好、應該」的建議句型 had better + 原形動詞。had better 用來提醒或勸告對方採取某個行動,語氣比一般的 should 強,常帶有不照做可能產生不良後果的意味。句中的 or it will get infected(否則傷口會感染)正是警告可能後果。
解題方法
空格後接原形動詞 take,符合 had better + 原形動詞 的結構。整句意為:「你最好儘快處理手上的那道傷口,否則它會感染。」
選項分析
第 18 題
Learning that he was ____ to Harvard University, Shawn didn’t show any sign of excitement but worry because he couldn’t afford it.
核心觀念
本題考「錄取、獲准入學」的動詞搭配。表示被大學錄取,常用 be admitted to + 學校,其中 admit 是「准許進入、錄取」的意思。
解題方法
句意是:「得知自己被哈佛大學錄取後,Shawn 沒有表現出興奮,反而擔心,因為他負擔不起學費。」空格後接 to Harvard University,應填入能與 to 搭配、且符合「錄取」語意的過去分詞。主詞 he 是被錄取者,因此用被動語態 was admitted。
選項分析
- (A) transmitted:「傳送、傳播」。be transmitted to 可表示「被傳送到」,但不能表達被大學錄取。
- (B) permitted:「允許」。
第 19 題
The super model has extremely rigorous exercise habits. Her apartment is even ____ with a gymnasium.
核心觀念
本題考「形容詞/過去分詞 + with」的搭配。句意是:這位超級名模有非常嚴格的運動習慣,她的公寓甚至還設有健身房。表示「配備、裝設」時,常用 be equipped with + 設備或物品。
解題方法
先看空格後的 with a gymnasium。若公寓「配備了健身房」,句型正是 be equipped with。前句提到名模有嚴格的運動習慣,也與公寓設有健身房的內容相呼應,因此選 equipped。
選項分析
- (A) acquainted:be acquainted with 表示「熟悉、認識」。例如 She is acquainted with the rules.(她熟悉這些規則。)不能表示公寓裝設了健身房。
第 20 題
The salesperson ____ Mom to buy a new pot which she didn’t need.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞搭配」與句意判斷。persuade 表示「說服」,常用句型為:
persuade + 人 + to + 原形動詞:說服某人去做某事persuade + 人 + into + V-ing:說服某人做某事
句中的 Mom to buy a new pot 符合第一種句型;which she didn’t need 表示媽媽其實不需要這個新鍋子,補充說明推銷員說服她購買的結果。
解題方法
先看空格後的結構:____ Mom to buy ...。to buy 前有受詞 Mom,因此應選能接「人 + to + 原形動詞」的動詞。再依語意,推銷員使媽媽去買鍋子,正是「說服」她購買。
全句意為:「推銷員說服媽媽買了一個她不需要的新鍋子。」
選項分析
第 21 題
Jack pursues his wealth and fame at the ____ of his health and family.
核心觀念
本題考固定搭配 at the expense of,意為「以……為代價;犧牲……」。句中 Jack 為了追求財富與名聲,犧牲了健康與家庭,因此應選能構成此慣用語的 expense。
解題方法
先看空格前後的結構:at the ____ of his health and family。片語 at the expense of + 名詞 表示某事的取得或進行,是以損害、犧牲後面的事物為代價。
全句可譯為:「傑克追求財富與名聲,代價是他的健康與家庭。」
選項分析
第 22 題
It is not easy to ____ tigers from leopards. They look so similar.
核心觀念
本題考「區分、辨別」的動詞用法。句意是:「要把老虎和豹區分開來並不容易,牠們看起來很相似。」空格後的 tigers from leopards 提示要從兩種相似的動物中辨別出差異,常用搭配是 distinguish A from B,表示「把 A 和 B 區分開來」。
解題方法
先看句意與搭配:後一句說兩種動物「看起來很相似」,因此前一句應表達「不容易辨別老虎和豹」。符合此意的句型是:
distinguish A from B=「區分 A 與 B」。
代入後為:It is not easy to distinguish tigers from leopards. 也就是「要區分老虎和豹並不容易。」
選項分析
第 23 題
The design of the new sneakers ____ to teenagers. Everyone wants to buy a pair.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞的語意與慣用搭配」。句意是「這款新運動鞋的設計很受青少年喜愛,大家都想買一雙。」關鍵搭配為 appeal to + 人,表示「吸引某人、使某人感興趣」。
解題方法
先看句型:主詞是 The design,空格後接 to teenagers。若表達「設計吸引青少年」,可用 appeal to;後句 Everyone wants to buy a pair. 也呼應這款鞋受到青少年喜愛,因此選 appeals。
選項分析
- (A) resorts:resort to 表示「訴諸、採取(某手段)」,例如 resort to violence(訴諸暴力)。不符合「設計吸引青少年」的語意。
第 24 題
If an earthquake occurs while you are driving, the standard operating ____ to be followed is to stop the car and stay in it until the shaking stops.
核心觀念
本題考「固定搭配」與上下文詞義。句中 standard operating ____ to be followed 表示「應遵循的標準作業程序」,其中固定用語是 standard operating procedure,簡稱 SOP。
解題方法
先看空格前的 standard operating。這兩字通常與 procedure 搭配,意為「標準作業程序」。後面的 to be followed(應遵循)也呼應「程序、步驟」的語意。句意是:開車時若發生地震,應遵循的標準作業程序是停車並留在車內,直到搖晃停止。
選項分析
- (A) potential:意為「潛力、可能性」,常見搭配如 potential risk(潛在風險),不能表示應遵循的作業步驟。
- (B) precaution:意為「預防措施、防備」,常見搭配如 take precautions(採取預防措施)。
第 25 題
House cats like to sleep in the sun because they like to feel warm and secure before they fall to sleep, ____ cats in the wild.
核心觀念
本題考「肯定句的附和句型」:要表示「……也一樣」,可用 and so + 助動詞/be 動詞 + 主詞。句中的 so 表示「也如此」,後面必須倒裝,將助動詞放在主詞之前。
解題方法
前半句主詞是 House cats,動詞是 like to sleep。後半句要表達「野外的貓也喜歡在陽光下睡覺」,因此用附和句型:
and so do cats in the wild
此處以助動詞 do 代替前文的動詞片語 like to sleep in the sun,形成「and so + do + 主詞」的語序。整句意為:家貓喜歡在陽光下睡覺,因為牠們喜歡在入睡前感到溫暖而安心,野外的貓也是如此。
選項分析
- (A) and do so:do so 可表示「那樣做」,但此處缺少能承接 do so 的主詞,且無法形成表示「野外的貓也如此」的附和句型。
第 26 題
Amanda Johnson, ____, grows beautiful roses in her front yard.
核心觀念
本題考「同位語」:名詞或名詞片語可放在另一個名詞後,用來補充說明其身分或關係。逗號隔開的同位語不需要再接一個有主詞、動詞的子句。
解題方法
句子的主要結構是:
Amanda Johnson, ____, grows beautiful roses in her front yard.
主詞是 Amanda Johnson,主要動詞是 grows。空格位於主詞與主要動詞之間,且前後以逗號隔開,因此適合填入補充說明 Amanda 身分的名詞片語。my next-door neighbor(我隔壁的鄰居)是名詞片語,可作為 Amanda Johnson 的同位語。
句意:Amanda Johnson,我隔壁的鄰居,在她家前院種了漂亮的玫瑰。
選項分析
- (A) my next-door neighbor:正確。名詞片語作同位語,補充說明 Amanda Johnson 的身分;
第 27 題
With his outstanding skills and extraordinary physical strength, the young basketball player will ____ become a super star someday.
核心觀念
本題考副詞的語意與句意搭配。空格位於助動詞 will 與動詞 become 之間,適合填入修飾整個動作、表達說話者對結果判斷的副詞。
解題方法
句意是:「憑著他出色的技巧和驚人的體能,這位年輕籃球員有朝一日將會 ____ 成為超級巨星。」前半句提出他具備的優勢,後半句則預測他未來的成就,因此空格應填「毫無疑問地」,讓語意前後相合。
選項分析
- (A) fortunately:幸運地。表示事情發生得幸運,與前述技巧和體能所支持的成就預測不相符。
- (B) generally:通常、大致上。
第 28 題
Jenny believed that it was her ____, not a mere coincidence, that she had come all the way to this faraway place to meet and marry her husband.
核心觀念
本題考單字辨義與語意搭配。句中 not a mere coincidence(不是單純的巧合)與後面的 come all the way to this faraway place to meet and marry her husband(遠赴此地與丈夫相遇並結婚),共同帶出「命中注定」的意思。
解題方法
先看空格後的對比:Jenny 相信這趟遠行並非偶然,而是有某種命運安排。四個選項中,只有 destiny 表示「命運、天命」,符合句意。句中的 her destiny 即「她的命運」。
選項分析
第 29 題
【題組共用題幹】
In June of 1991, the Economist magazine reported that “a pair of Nike sports shoes that sells for $150 in the United States is made by Indonesian women paid the ____ of 58 cents a day.”
核心觀念
本題考字義與語境判斷。句中的 the ____ of 58 cents a day 表示「每天 58 美分的等值工資」,應填入表示「等值、相當物」的名詞 equivalent。
解題方法
先抓出空格前後的結構:paid the ____ of 58 cents a day,意思是「每天只領相當於 58 美分的報酬」。空格後的金額是用來說明工資的數值,因此應選能表達「等值」的字。
選項分析
- (A) balance:意為「餘額、平衡」。the balance of 58 cents a day 不表示「相當於每天 58 美分」,與句意不合。
第 30 題
【題組共用題幹】
In June of 1991, the Economist magazine reported that “a pair of Nike sports shoes that sells for $150 in the United States is made by Indonesian women paid the equivalent of 58 cents a day.” The British weekly noted that ____ women on the line seemed glad for their jobs, the Indonesian government manpower minister had admitted that the nation’s official minimum ____ was below what was needed to make a living.
核心觀念
本題考讓步連接詞與句意轉折。題幹先說,生產線上的女性似乎很慶幸有工作;接著指出,印尼政府部長承認法定最低工資低於維持生活所需。前後形成「雖然……但是……」的讓步關係。
解題方法
空格後的句子主詞是 the Indonesian government manpower minister,動詞是 had admitted。前半句描述女性似乎樂於工作,後半句補充低工資不足以維生,兩者語意相反,因此應選表示「雖然、儘管」的 though。
可將句意理解為:「雖然生產線上的女性似乎很高興有工作,但印尼政府的勞動部長承認,該國的法定最低工資低於維持生計所需的水準。」
選項分析
第 31 題
【題組共用題幹】
In June of 1991, the Economist magazine reported that “a pair of Nike sports shoes that sells for $150 in the United States is made by Indonesian women paid the equivalent of 58 cents a day.” The British weekly noted that though women on the line seemed glad for their jobs, the Indonesian government manpower minister had admitted that the nation’s official minimum ____ was below what was needed to make a living.
核心觀念
本題考字義與搭配詞。minimum wage 是固定搭配,意思是「最低工資」;official minimum wage 即「官方規定的最低工資」。句意提到印尼政府的人力部長承認,當地的官方最低工資低於維持生活所需的金額。
解題方法
先看空格前的 official minimum,再看後文的 was below what was needed to make a living(低於維持生活所需)。這裡談的是工作者的最低薪資,因此應填 wage,形成 official minimum wage。
選項分析
第 32 題
【題組共用題幹】
In many American cities public transportation is a political issue. So many people live in these cities that it is impossible for them all to drive cars. Besides, many of them cannot afford cars. Many people want to ride fast subways and clean buses, ____ nobody wants to pay for them. This is a problem for city politicians, who want to be elected and reelected. Some cities pay for part of the cost of public transportation from taxes. However, the costs ____ as the price of fuel increases, and the politicians do not want to increase taxes. The rest of the cost has to come from fares that the passengers pay.
The fare system ____ from city to city. In some, such as New York, every passenger pays the same amount ____ he or she takes a short ride or a long one. In other cities, such as Washington, there is a system of zones. A passenger who only wants to go a short distance pays one amount. A passenger who goes through more zones pays more.
In all systems, passengers complain that politicians let fares get too high. Other people complain that politicians let taxes get too high. Everybody blames the politicians.
Many people want to ride fast subways and clean buses, ____ nobody wants to pay for them.
核心觀念
本題考查對等連接詞的語意判斷。but 表示轉折,連接兩個意思相反或形成對比的子句;so 表示結果,or 表示選擇或否則,for 表示原因。
解題方法
句子前半說,許多人想搭乘快速的地鐵和乾淨的公車;後半說,沒有人想為這些服務付費。兩者形成「想享受服務,卻不願負擔費用」的對比,因此需要表示轉折的連接詞。
填入 but 後,句意為:「許多人想搭乘快速的地鐵和乾淨的公車,但沒有人想付費。」前後語意銜接自然,也符合文章所談的大眾運輸費用與政治爭議。
選項分析
第 33 題
【題組共用題幹】
In many American cities public transportation is a political issue. So many people live in these cities that it is impossible for them all to drive cars. Besides, many of them cannot afford cars. Many people want to ride fast subways and clean buses, but nobody wants to pay for them. This is a problem for city politicians, who want to be elected and reelected. Some cities pay for part of the cost of public transportation from taxes. However, the costs ____ as the price of fuel increases, and the politicians do not want to increase taxes. The rest of the cost has to come from fares that the passengers pay.
The fare system varies from city to city. In some, such as New York, every passenger pays the same amount whether he or she takes a short ride or a long one. In other cities, such as Washington, there is a system of zones. A passenger who only wants to go a short distance pays one amount. A passenger who goes through more zones pays more.
In all systems, passengers complain that politicians let fares get too high. Other people complain that politicians let taxes get too high. Everybody blames the politicians.
However, the costs ____ as the price of fuel increases.
核心觀念
本題考查片語動詞 go up 的意思。go up 可表示「上升、增加」,常用來描述價格、成本、數量或程度變高。句中提到燃料價格上漲(as the price of fuel increases),因此公共運輸成本也「上升」。
解題方法
先看空格所在句子的語意:燃料價格增加,會使公共運輸的成本增加;符合「上升、增加」的片語是 go up。句子的主詞 the costs 是複數,因此使用原形動詞 go,完成句子為:
However, the costs go up as the price of fuel increases. 然而,燃料價格上漲時,成本也會上升。
選項分析
第 34 題
【題組共用題幹】
In many American cities public transportation is a political issue. So many people live in these cities that it is impossible for them all to drive cars. Besides, many of them cannot afford cars. Many people want to ride fast subways and clean buses, but nobody wants to pay for them. This is a problem for city politicians, who want to be elected and reelected. Some cities pay for part of the cost of public transportation from taxes. However, the costs go up as the price of fuel increases, and the politicians do not want to increase taxes. The rest of the cost has to come from fares that the passengers pay.
The fare system ____ from city to city. In some, such as New York, every passenger pays the same amount whether he or she takes a short ride or a long one. In other cities, such as Washington, there is a system of zones. A passenger who only wants to go a short distance pays one amount. A passenger who goes through more zones pays more.
In all systems, passengers complain that politicians let fares get too high. Other people complain that politicians let taxes get too high. Everybody blames the politicians.
核心觀念
本題考「描述事物在不同情況下有所不同」的動詞用法。空格所在句為:
The fare system ____ from city to city. 票價制度因城市而異。
表示「因地而異、各有不同」時,常用 vary from A to B 或 vary from place to place。因此應選 varies。主詞 The fare system 是第三人稱單數,動詞須加 -s。
解題方法
先看空格後的 from city to city,再用下文確認語意:紐約採每位乘客支付相同票價的制度;華盛頓則依行經的區域數收費。文章是在說不同城市的票價制度不一樣,正好符合 vary from city to city。
選項分析
- (A) ranges:range from A to B 表示「範圍從 A 到 B」,通常搭配兩個範圍端點,例如 Prices range from 20. 本句沒有列出票價
第 35 題
【題組共用題幹】
In many American cities public transportation is a political issue. So many people live in these cities that it is impossible for them all to drive cars. Besides, many of them cannot afford cars. Many people want to ride fast subways and clean buses, but nobody wants to pay for them. This is a problem for city politicians, who want to be elected and reelected. Some cities pay for part of the cost of public transportation from taxes. However, the costs go up as the price of fuel increases, and the politicians do not want to increase taxes. The rest of the cost has to come from fares that the passengers pay.
The fare system varies from city to city. In some, such as New York, every passenger pays the same amount ____ he or she takes a short ride or a long one. In other cities, such as Washington, there is a system of zones. A passenger who only wants to go a short distance pays one amount. A passenger who goes through more zones pays more.
In all systems, passengers complain that politicians let fares get too high. Other people complain that politicians let taxes get too high. Everybody blames the politicians.
核心觀念
本題考 whether … or … 的對應用法,表示「不論是……還是……」。句中要比較乘客搭乘短程或長程時,是否支付相同票價,因此可用:
every passenger pays the same amount whether he or she takes a short ride or a long one. 每位乘客無論搭短程或長程,都支付相同金額。
解題方法
先看空格後方的結構:he or she takes a short ride or a long one。其中以 or 連接兩種情況:搭短程、搭長程。前文的 the same amount 說明這兩種情況下票價相同,因此空格應填入引導兩種選擇的 whether,構成 whether A or B。
選項分析
- (A) not only:通常搭配
but also,表示「不但……而且……」,例如not only A but also B。本句的or不符合這個搭配,意思也不是遞加兩項。
第 36 題
【題組共用題幹】
Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies ____ professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews ____ people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is ____ a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often ____ pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis. ____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.
Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies ____ professional journalists to supply them with news stories.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞片語」的語意與搭配。句意是:電視媒體仰賴專業記者提供新聞,因此要選出能表達「依靠、仰賴」的片語。
解題方法
空格後接受詞 professional journalists,而後面的 to supply them with news stories 說明媒體仰賴記者的目的:由記者提供新聞故事。前後語意相符的片語是 rely on,意為「依靠、仰賴」。
選項分析
- (A) rely on:正確。 意為「依靠、仰賴」,常用句型為 rely on + 人/事物。 rely on professional journalists 即「仰賴專業記者」,符合上下文。
第 37 題
【題組共用題幹】
Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies rely on professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews ____ people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is ____ a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often ____ pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis. ____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.
To do this, a journalist usually interviews ____ people.
核心觀念
本題考查表示「多樣、廣泛範圍」的名詞片語,以及其與動詞 interview 的語意搭配。記者為了掌握事件的完整面貌,會訪問來自不同背景或持有不同觀點的人。
解題方法
空格後接可數名詞複數 people,前文又說記者要蒐集大量資訊,才能呈現事件全貌,而非只呈現單一立場。因此空格應表達「各式各樣、廣泛範圍的」,最符合的是 a wide range of。
句意為:「記者通常會訪問各式各樣的人。」
選項分析
- (A) a herd of:意為「一群」,通常用於牛、羊等牲畜;用來指人不符合本句所需的「不同背景或觀點」之意。
第 38 題
【題組共用題幹】
Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies rely on professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews a wide range of people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is ____ a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often ____ pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis. ____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.
Besides, a good journalist is ____ a breaking news story as quickly as possible.
核心觀念
本題考查描述新聞採訪現場時的介系詞片語,以及搭配動詞的慣用語。句意是:好記者會盡可能迅速地「在突發新聞事件現場」採訪或報導。
解題方法
空格後接 a breaking news story,表示記者要趕到突發新聞事件發生的現場。on the scene of ... 意為「在……的現場」,符合上下文;後面的 as quickly as possible 則表示「盡可能快地」。
完整句意:「此外,好記者會盡可能迅速地趕到突發新聞事件現場。」
選項分析
- (A) behind the scene:
behind the scenes通常指「在幕後」,描述不公開或幕後進行的活動;此處談的是記者前往新聞現場,語意不合。常見形式為複數scenes。
第 39 題
【題組共用題幹】
Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies rely on professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews a wide range of people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is on the scene of a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often ____ pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis. ____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.
In fact, professional journalists often ____ pride in being the first to report a story.
核心觀念
本題考固定搭配 take pride in,意思是「以……為傲」。其中 take 是動詞原形,常見搭配如下:
- take pride in + 名詞/動名詞:以……為傲
- be proud of + 名詞/動名詞:以……為傲
句意是:「事實上,專業記者常以搶先報導一則新聞為傲。」
解題方法
先找句子的主詞與動詞。主詞 professional journalists 是複數,且前面有頻率副詞 often。頻率副詞修飾一般動詞,不會使動詞變成第三人稱單數或分詞;主詞為複數時,現在簡單式動詞用原形。因此空格填 take:
professional journalists often take pride in ...
選項分析
第 40 題
【題組共用題幹】
Television is a major source of news for many people. Media outlets such as TV broadcasting companies rely on professional journalists to supply them with news stories. So, what makes a good journalist? First, a good journalist should get a lot of information about an event or situation. To do this, a journalist usually interviews a wide range of people. This way, s/he can tell the whole story, and not just one side, or opinion of it. Besides, a good journalist is on the scene of a breaking news story as quickly as possible. This means the journalist can report the story as soon as possible. In fact, professional journalists often take pride in being the first to report a story. A journalist’s job can be very interesting and exciting because s/he often gets to travel around the world. However, it is important to point out that a journalist’s job can also be very dangerous. Reporting a breaking news story often means being in place where there are wars, earthquakes, or tsunamis. ____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed. Being a good journalist requires a lot of hard work, an ability to evaluate information carefully, a willingness to take risks.
核心觀念
本題考「動名詞片語作主詞」與「形容詞片語 aware of 的用法」。
空格所在句為:
____ the situation around them is crucial for journalists in order to avoid getting hurt or killed.
句子的主要動詞是 is,因此空格須填入能作主詞的片語。Being aware of the situation around them 意為「留意周遭情況」,整個動名詞片語作主詞,文法與語意皆通順。
解題方法
先找出句子的主要動詞 is,再判斷它前面的空格要填什麼句子成分。此處空格位於句首,須形成主詞;選項 (D) 的 Being aware of the situation around them 是動名詞片語,可作主詞。
句意是:「對記者而言,留意周遭情況對避免受傷或喪命至關重要。」前文提到記者會前往戰爭、地震或海嘯現場採訪,因此注意現場環境與危險狀況,正符合上下文。
選項分析
- (A) Beware:beware 是「當心、提防」,常用於祈使句,例如 Beware of the dog.(小心有狗)。
第 41 題
【題組共用題幹】
Do you DIY, upcycle or craft? If so, come get free materials from the Spokane City Center this Saturday on April 22. Let's celebrate the Earth Day by saving things from going to the dump!
If your sewing machine never gets tucked away, your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready for the next project, or you're just looking for some creative inspiration, we have you all covered.
We have collected expired and unwanted material samples for reuse and creative upcycling by educators, artists, DIY-ers, and crafters. Some of the things you might find include fabric, carpet, wall covering, wood, tile, stone, glass, rubber, and much more. Crafting with children is always fun, so there will be free activities for the kids too, such as bead crafts, clay modeling, collage, etc. Come join us!
The event goes from 9 am to 2 pm at FloForm, 5320 E. Sprague Ave., Spokane, WA.
NOTE: If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early. It's free, so what are you waiting for? Don't forget, the event is also BYOB — bring your own bag or box to carry your finds home.
What is the main purpose of this message?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀測驗中的「主旨判斷」。作答時要抓文章反覆強調的活動目的,而不是被活動中的材料種類或個別參與者吸引。
解題方法
文章邀請民眾免費領取過期或不需要的材料,供再利用與創意改造,並以「saving things from going to the dump」說明活動用意:讓材料不要被送進垃圾掩埋場。DIY 手作、親子活動與材料種類都是活動內容,主旨則是減少材料遭棄置、鼓勵再利用。
選項分析
-
(A) To ask people to clean up the trash in the city together. 錯誤。文章沒有號召民眾清理城市垃圾;活動是提供材料供民眾再利用。
-
(B) To support artists' new projects with waste materials. 錯誤。
第 42 題
【題組共用題幹】
Do you DIY, upcycle or craft? If so, come get free materials from the Spokane City Center this Saturday on April 22. Let's celebrate the Earth Day by saving things from going to the dump!
If your sewing machine never gets tucked away, your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready for the next project, or you're just looking for some creative inspiration, we have you all covered.
We have collected expired and unwanted material samples for reuse and creative upcycling by educators, artists, DIY-ers, and crafters. Some of the things you might find include fabric, carpet, wall covering, wood, tile, stone, glass, rubber, and much more. Crafting with children is always fun, so there will be free activities for the kids too, such as bead crafts, clay modeling, collage, etc. Come join us!
The event goes from 9 am to 2 pm at FloForm, 5320 E. Sprague Ave., Spokane, WA.
NOTE: If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early. It's free, so what are you waiting for? Don't forget, the event is also BYOB — bring your own bag or box to carry your finds home.
What should the participants do in order to get the best free materials?
核心觀念
本題考查公告與活動文案的細節理解,重點是分辨「想提早入場、優先挑選材料」必須採取的行動。文中 first dibs 指「優先挑選、先拿到好東西的機會」。
解題方法
先定位題目問的 get the best free materials,再回到公告尋找與「優先挑選」直接相關的資訊:
If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early.
意思是:若想優先挑選材料,必須在星期三下午 5 點前完成登記,才能提早 30 分鐘入場。因此應選擇「事先登記」的選項。
選項分析
- (A) To bring your own bag or box. 帶自己的袋子或箱子。文中說 BYOB 是 bring your own bag or box,用途是把挑選到的物品帶回家,並非取得優先挑選材料的資格。
第 43 題
【題組共用題幹】
Do you DIY, upcycle or craft? If so, come get free materials from the Spokane City Center this Saturday on April 22. Let's celebrate the Earth Day by saving things from going to the dump!
If your sewing machine never gets tucked away, your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready for the next project, or you're just looking for some creative inspiration, we have you all covered.
We have collected expired and unwanted material samples for reuse and creative upcycling by educators, artists, DIY-ers, and crafters. Some of the things you might find include fabric, carpet, wall covering, wood, tile, stone, glass, rubber, and much more. Crafting with children is always fun, so there will be free activities for the kids too, such as bead crafts, clay modeling, collage, etc. Come join us!
The event goes from 9 am to 2 pm at FloForm, 5320 E. Sprague Ave., Spokane, WA.
NOTE: If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early. It's free, so what are you waiting for? Don't forget, the event is also BYOB — bring your own bag or box to carry your finds home.
Which of the following is NOT likely to be available for people to take away in this activity?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀測驗中的細節辨識:從文章找出活動提供的材料,並區分「可供民眾帶走的材料」與「活動現場提供的工具或設備」。
解題方法
題目問哪一項「不太可能」提供參加者帶走。先定位文章列出的可再利用材料,再逐一比對選項:
文章明確列出布料、地毯、牆面覆材、木材、磁磚、石材、玻璃、橡膠等,供參加者取用。剪刀則出現在描述個人手邊工具的句子中:「your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready」,並非活動提供的材料。
選項分析
第 44 題
【題組共用題幹】
Do you DIY, upcycle or craft? If so, come get free materials from the Spokane City Center this Saturday on April 22. Let's celebrate the Earth Day by saving things from going to the dump!
If your sewing machine never gets tucked away, your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready for the next project, or you're just looking for some creative inspiration, we have you all covered.
We have collected expired and unwanted material samples for reuse and creative upcycling by educators, artists, DIY-ers, and crafters. Some of the things you might find include fabric, carpet, wall covering, wood, tile, stone, glass, rubber, and much more. Crafting with children is always fun, so there will be free activities for the kids too, such as bead crafts, clay modeling, collage, etc. Come join us!
The event goes from 9 am to 2 pm at FloForm, 5320 E. Sprague Ave., Spokane, WA.
NOTE: If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early. It's free, so what are you waiting for? Don't forget, the event is also BYOB — bring your own bag or box to carry your finds home.
Which of the following can be the best title for this message?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的「主旨與標題判斷」。標題應涵蓋訊息最主要的內容,而非只取文中某一項細節。
解題方法
先找出文章反覆強調的活動內容:主辦單位將免費提供過期或不需要的材料,供民眾再利用與創意改造;活動在本週六舉行,並有兒童手作活動。全文的核心資訊是「本週六可以領取免費材料」,因此選項應同時對應活動時間與主要提供內容。
選項分析
- (A) DIY and Save the Earth(自己動手做,拯救地球):文章提到 DIY 和 Earth Day,也鼓勵材料再利用;但這是活動的背景與理念,沒有點出最主要的免費材料資訊,因此不如 (B) 完整。
- (B) Get Free Materials This Saturday(本週六領取免費材料):符合文章主旨。
第 45 題
【題組共用題幹】
Do you DIY, upcycle or craft? If so, come get free materials from the Spokane City Center this Saturday on April 22. Let's celebrate the Earth Day by saving things from going to the dump!
If your sewing machine never gets tucked away, your toolbox, glue and scissors are always ready for the next project, or you're just looking for some creative inspiration, we have you all covered.
We have collected expired and unwanted material samples for reuse and creative upcycling by educators, artists, DIY-ers, and crafters. Some of the things you might find include fabric, carpet, wall covering, wood, tile, stone, glass, rubber, and much more. Crafting with children is always fun, so there will be free activities for the kids too, such as bead crafts, clay modeling, collage, etc. Come join us!
The event goes from 9 am to 2 pm at FloForm, 5320 E. Sprague Ave., Spokane, WA.
NOTE: If you want first dibs, you've got to register by 5 pm this Wednesday to get in the door 30 minutes early. It's free, so what are you waiting for? Don't forget, the event is also BYOB — bring your own bag or box to carry your finds home.
What does the word “upcycle” mean in the passage?
核心觀念
本題考字義推論,重點是根據上下文判斷 upcycle 的意思。文中提到主辦單位收集「過期且不再需要的材料」,供人們重新利用與創意改造;材料包括布料、地毯、木材、磁磚、石材、玻璃和橡膠等。可知 upcycle 是把原本閒置或不需要的材料,改造成用途或價值更高的物品。
解題方法
先看 upcycle 出現的語境:文章邀請 DIY 愛好者、藝術家及手作人士取用廢棄材料,並用於創作。接著對照選項,找出「提升材料用途」的意思。
英文 upcycle 由 up(提升)與 recycle(回收再利用)組成,指將舊物或廢棄材料改造、再利用,使其具有新的用途或更高價值。因此選項 (B) 符合文意。
選項分析
- (A) To update the recent information. 意為「更新近期資訊」。這是在更新消息或資料,與文中把材料改造成新物品的意思無關。
第 46 題
【題組共用題幹】
London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services.
The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value. But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85% of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card.
The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.
Which of the following is the passage most likely to be taken from?
核心觀念
本題考「文章來源判斷」,要根據文章的主題、內容與寫作目的,判斷它最可能刊載於哪一類出版品。
解題方法
先抓全文主旨:文章介紹倫敦交通卡 Oyster card,包括卡片的用途、名稱由來、使用普及程度、退費方式,以及搭乘地鐵、鐵路和公車時的使用方法。這些資訊能協助旅客在倫敦規劃交通、節省時間與費用,符合城市旅遊指南的內容與目的。
選項分析
- (A) A city guidebook. 城市旅遊指南:正確。文章介紹倫敦交通選擇與 Oyster card 的使用方式,提供旅客實用的城市交通資訊。
- (B) A technology magazine. 科技雜誌:錯誤。
第 47 題
【題組共用題幹】
London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services.
The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value. But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85% of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card.
The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.
Which of the following is the best definition of the word “expire” in the passage?
核心觀念
本題考英文單字的上下文詞義。判斷 expire 時,要看它在文章中的語境,而不是只憑字形聯想。文中說 Oyster card「never expires」,接著補充「It can be used after any length of time」,意指這張卡不會因時間經過而失效,可以隔很久再使用。
解題方法
將前後句合併理解:「卡片永不 expire;經過任何長度的時間後,仍然可以使用。」由「仍可使用」可知,expire 在此表示「到期、失效、結束」。最符合的選項是 to come to an end(結束)。
選項分析
第 48 題
【題組共用題幹】
London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services.
The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value. But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85% of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card.
The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.
What does a passenger have to do when taking the bus with an Oyster card?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解,重點是辨認文章對搭乘公車時如何使用 Oyster card 的明確說明。
解題方法
先定位文章中提到公車的段落。文中指出,搭乘公車時,乘客只需在上車開始行程時將卡片靠近感應器一次;下車時若再次感應,反而會被加收額外車資。因此,搭公車只需感應一次。
選項分析
-
(A) To touch the reader only once.(只感應一次。) 正確。文章明確說明,搭乘公車只需在上車時感應讀卡器。
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(B) To wait for the green light to show.(等待綠燈亮起。) 錯誤。綠燈與紅燈的說明針對倫敦地鐵及鐵路系統;題目問的是搭公車。
第 49 題
【題組共用題幹】
London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services.
The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value. But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85% of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card.
The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.
According to the passage, in what way is an Oyster card a better choice than a paper ticket?
核心觀念
本題測驗閱讀理解與細節比對。作答時要找出文章明確提到的 Oyster card 相較紙本車票的優點,並確認選項沒有加入文章未提及的資訊。
解題方法
第三段指出,使用 Oyster card「每分鐘可讓 40 人通過驗票閘門」,比使用紙本車票「多 15 人」;因此刷卡通過閘門較快,能節省乘客通過閘門的時間。這與選項 (C) 相符。
選項分析
-
(A) It prevents passengers from being charged twice. 錯誤。文章沒有說 Oyster card 能避免重複收費;反而提醒搭乘固定票價的公車時,下車若再次感應讀卡機,會被加收車資。
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(B) The electronic ticket is more environmentally friendly. 錯誤。
第 50 題
【題組共用題幹】
London is one of the top travel destinations in the world, but for a first time visitor, navigating this large city can be overwhelming. Using an Oyster card is an easy way to save time and money if you are planning to use public transportation in London. An Oyster card is a blue credit-card-sized contactless smartcard that can be used on every form of public transportation within London, including public bus, underground, railway, and some river boat services.
The Oyster card was first issued on June 30, 2003. The name was decided after a lengthy discussion. Two other proposed names were “Pulse” and “Gem.” “Oyster” was chosen because it sounded like a fresh name that was not directly linked to transportation; also, the hard shell of an oyster and the concealed pearl symbolize security and value. But perhaps the best reason is William Shakespeare’s quote “The world is your oyster,” which means one has the ability and freedom to do anything or go anywhere. So far more than 60 million cards have been issued and over 85% of rail and bus travel in London is paid by using an Oyster card. The card never expires. It can be used after any length of time. Besides, deposits can be refunded on return of the card.
The best reason to get an Oyster card is cost savings and convenience. It is cheaper to travel in London with this card than it is to purchase individual paper tickets for each trip. The card allows 40 people to pass through a ticket gate per minute, 15 more than with paper tickets, and also makes boarding a bus three times faster. For London Underground and the railway system, passengers have to touch the card on an electronic reader when entering and leaving the transport system. The reader will show either a green or a red light. The former indicates that you have sufficient credit for your journey while the latter indicates you do not have enough credit and you have to purchase more credit before you can continue your journey. For the public bus service, which has fixed price, passengers only need to touch the reader at the start of the journey when boarding. If you touch the reader again when you get off the bus, you will be charged an additional fare.
Which of the following statements about the Oyster card is correct?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,重點是從文章中找出與選項意思相符的資訊,並辨別同義改寫與細節錯置。
解題方法
先定位文章介紹 Oyster card 名稱由來的段落。文中指出,選擇「Oyster」這個名稱的原因之一,是莎士比亞名句 “The world is your oyster”;這句話表示一個人有能力和自由去做任何事或前往任何地方。據此判斷與名稱來源相關的選項。
選項分析
-
(A) The card cannot be returned. 錯誤。文章說明,卡片歸還時可以退還押金(“deposits can be refunded on return of the card”),因此卡片可以歸還。
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(B) The name “Oyster” is associated with efficiency. 錯誤。