111 移民特考三等 移民行政(選試法文) 外國文(法文兼試移民專業英文) 考古題詳解

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Hier concentrés dans quelques mégapoles, les effets de la mondialisation redessinent aujourd’hui des centaines de villes. Et font des métropoles de nouveaux acteurs, majeurs, des politiques sociales, environnementales ou culturelles.

Toute ville mondialisée, ou qui aspire à l’être, travaille sur un ou plusieurs grands projets architecturaux, urbains, culturels : grands musées, marinas, tours de grande hauteur, palais des sports ou stades spectaculaires… Pour devenir une ville mondiale, il faut le signaler au monde, et pour le signaler au monde, il n’y a rien de mieux qu’un grand projet architectural. Le Guggenheim à Bilbao en est un des exemples les plus emblématiques.

De même, toutes les villes-mondes essaient de développer des événements sportifs ou culturels, cherchant à devenir un pôle vers qui les regards et les touristes convergent. Quand la Chine veut signifier au monde que ses villes ne sont plus simplement des agrégats de population informes, elle organise en 2008 les Jeux olympiques à Pékin, en 2010 l’Exposition universelle à Shanghai, en 2011 les Championnats mondiaux universitaires (quatrième grand événement sportif planétaire) à Shenzhen et en 2022 les Jeux olympiques d’hiver à Pékin. Les villes sont aujourd’hui en compétition pour organiser de grands événements.

Les universités sont elles-mêmes devenues des attracteurs mondiaux : elles permettent à une ville de montrer qu’elle est connectée aux flux mondiaux de la créativité technologique et de l’innovation scientifique. En témoigne l’importance que prennent les classements d’universités.

Composition française

Quelle est l’importance de la diversité culturelle ?

(Exprimez votre point de vue en un texte de dix à douze lignes.)

A new economic immigration bill was passed in 2018 to recruit foreign workers and talent necessary for Taiwan’s national development without affecting ____ job opportunities and wage level.

Interpol is an international organization that ____ worldwide police cooperation and crime control.

The law provides that an asylum seeker, a recognized refugee, or a person under humanitarian protection may not be ____ to the situation which would threaten his/her life or freedom.

Under the Level 3 epidemic alert, the visa extension will be automatically ____ on the agency’s computer system. Visitors who would like formal documentation can have their passports stamped at the service stations as well.

The Coast Guard Administration seized thousands of packs of ____ cigarettes, which had a street value of 14 million NTD, from a fishing boat in Keelung.

While some immigrants are able to hold dual or multiple citizenship, others are required to ____ their original citizenship if they officially change their nationality.

Tennis star Novak Djokovic faced deportation after the Australian government ____ his visa on public interest grounds, three days before the Australian Open was to begin.

The digital environment opens new channels for education; however, children can also come across harmful and violent content or ____ of information online.

Inspired by Malala’s courage, many young people all over the globe are joining her ____ to combat gender discrimination.

The chapters in this book combine theory and extensive empirical data to provide a balanced account of government performance under the president’s ____.

【題組共用題幹】

For more than ten years, sociologist Martin Jankowski did participant observation of thirty-seven gangs in Boston, Los Angeles, and New York City. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home because there were as many members from ____ as from broken homes. Neither did Jankowski find that they joined to seek a substitute family since as many boys said they were close to their families as said they were not. Rather, the boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs, to maintain anonymity in committing crimes, to get protection, and to help the community. This last reason may seem surprising, but in some neighborhoods, gangs protect residents from outsiders. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs. On the one hand, they fear the violence. On the other hand, many adults once belonged to gangs, and stated that since gang members are the children of people who live in the neighborhood, they often provide better protection than the police.

11. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home.

【題組共用題幹】

For more than ten years, sociologist Martin Jankowski did participant observation of thirty-seven gangs in Boston, Los Angeles, and New York City. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home because there were as many members from ____ as from broken homes. Neither did Jankowski find that they joined to seek a substitute family since as many boys said they were close to their families as said they were not. Rather, the boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs, to maintain anonymity in committing crimes, to get protection, and to help the community. This last reason may seem surprising, but in some neighborhoods, gangs protect residents from outsiders. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs. On the one hand, they fear the violence. On the other hand, many adults once belonged to gangs, and stated that since gang members are the children of people who live in the neighborhood, they often provide better protection than the police.

12. There were as many members from ____ as from broken homes.

【題組共用題幹】

For more than ten years, sociologist Martin Jankowski did participant observation of thirty-seven gangs in Boston, Los Angeles, and New York City. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home because there were as many members from ____ as from broken homes. Neither did Jankowski find that they joined to seek a substitute family since as many boys said they were close to their families as said they were not. Rather, the boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs, to maintain anonymity in committing crimes, to get protection, and to help the community. This last reason may seem surprising, but in some neighborhoods, gangs protect residents from outsiders. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs. On the one hand, they fear the violence. On the other hand, many adults once belonged to gangs, and stated that since gang members are the children of people who live in the neighborhood, they often provide better protection than the police.

13. The boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs.

【題組共用題幹】

For more than ten years, sociologist Martin Jankowski did participant observation of thirty-seven gangs in Boston, Los Angeles, and New York City. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home because there were as many members from ____ as from broken homes. Neither did Jankowski find that they joined to seek a substitute family since as many boys said they were close to their families as said they were not. Rather, the boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs, to maintain anonymity in committing crimes, to get protection, and to help the community. This last reason may seem surprising, but in some neighborhoods, gangs protect residents from outsiders. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs. On the one hand, they fear the violence. On the other hand, many adults once belonged to gangs, and stated that since gang members are the children of people who live in the neighborhood, they often provide better protection than the police.

14. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

【題組共用題幹】

For more than ten years, sociologist Martin Jankowski did participant observation of thirty-seven gangs in Boston, Los Angeles, and New York City. ____ stereotypes, Jankowski did not find that the motive for joining was to escape from a broken home because there were as many members from ____ as from broken homes. Neither did Jankowski find that they joined to seek a substitute family since as many boys said they were close to their families as said they were not. Rather, the boys joined to gain access to money, to have ____, such as girls and drugs, to maintain anonymity in committing crimes, to get protection, and to help the community. This last reason may seem surprising, but in some neighborhoods, gangs protect residents from outsiders. The boys also saw the gang as a(n) ____ to the dead-end jobs held by their parents.

Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs. On the one hand, they fear the violence. On the other hand, many adults once belonged to gangs, and stated that since gang members are the children of people who live in the neighborhood, they often provide better protection than the police.

15. Neighborhood residents are ____ about gangs.

【題組共用題幹】

College classrooms are often drab and dreary places. Walls are painted a variation of “institutional gray”; furniture is easy to clean, but uncomfortable and unattractive. Chairs are lined up in straight rows facing the teacher’s desk or lectern. In one study, over 80% of university students rated their classrooms negatively, describing them as ugly, cramped, stuffy, and uncomfortable. The research by environmental psychologists is beginning to show that unattractive classrooms are not only unappealing; they may also adversely affect academic performance.

A more carefully controlled study of classroom environments was conducted a few years ago. The researchers selected two identical classrooms located side by side in the psychology building. The control classroom, which they called the “sterile classroom,” had white walls, a gray carpet, and rows of plastic desks. Besides, an alcohol-based beautiful hand sanitizer was placed in the room for students to use. The experimental classroom, which they called the “friendly classroom,” was redecorated with the help of a design consultant. Several walls were painted bright colors, art posters hung on the walls, large plants added to the room, and colorful Chinese kites hung from the ceiling. In addition to traditional desks, a part of the room was outfitted with area rugs, color-coordinated cushions, and wooden cubes to provide nontraditional seating.

The researchers investigated how these two different environments affected performance in actual college classes. Two professors teaching introductory psychology agreed to participate in the study although they were not informed of the purpose of the research. When school began, each class was randomly assigned to one of the two rooms. Halfway through the term, the classes switched rooms. Thus, students in both classes spent half the term in the control room and half in the experimental room. Students were not told they were being studied; the switch in rooms was explained as occurring because the original room was needed for videotaping. The most striking finding from this study was that students performed significantly better on regular course exams when they were in the friendly rather than the sterile room.

16. According to this passage, the word “sterile” means ____.

【題組共用題幹】

College classrooms are often drab and dreary places. Walls are painted a variation of “institutional gray”; furniture is easy to clean, but uncomfortable and unattractive. Chairs are lined up in straight rows facing the teacher’s desk or lectern. In one study, over 80% of university students rated their classrooms negatively, describing them as ugly, cramped, stuffy, and uncomfortable. The research by environmental psychologists is beginning to show that unattractive classrooms are not only unappealing; they may also adversely affect academic performance.

A more carefully controlled study of classroom environments was conducted a few years ago. The researchers selected two identical classrooms located side by side in the psychology building. The control classroom, which they called the “sterile classroom,” had white walls, a gray carpet, and rows of plastic desks. Besides, an alcohol-based beautiful hand sanitizer was placed in the room for students to use. The experimental classroom, which they called the “friendly classroom,” was redecorated with the help of a design consultant. Several walls were painted bright colors, art posters hung on the walls, large plants added to the room, and colorful Chinese kites hung from the ceiling. In addition to traditional desks, a part of the room was outfitted with area rugs, color-coordinated cushions, and wooden cubes to provide nontraditional seating.

The researchers investigated how these two different environments affected performance in actual college classes. Two professors teaching introductory psychology agreed to participate in the study although they were not informed of the purpose of the research. When school began, each class was randomly assigned to one of the two rooms. Halfway through the term, the classes switched rooms. Thus, students in both classes spent half the term in the control room and half in the experimental room. Students were not told they were being studied; the switch in rooms was explained as occurring because the original room was needed for videotaping. The most striking finding from this study was that students performed significantly better on regular course exams when they were in the friendly rather than the sterile room.

17. The main pattern of organization of the second paragraph is ____.

【題組共用題幹】

College classrooms are often drab and dreary places. Walls are painted a variation of “institutional gray”; furniture is easy to clean, but uncomfortable and unattractive. Chairs are lined up in straight rows facing the teacher’s desk or lectern. In one study, over 80% of university students rated their classrooms negatively, describing them as ugly, cramped, stuffy, and uncomfortable. The research by environmental psychologists is beginning to show that unattractive classrooms are not only unappealing; they may also adversely affect academic performance.

A more carefully controlled study of classroom environments was conducted a few years ago. The researchers selected two identical classrooms located side by side in the psychology building. The control classroom, which they called the “sterile classroom,” had white walls, a gray carpet, and rows of plastic desks. Besides, an alcohol-based beautiful hand sanitizer was placed in the room for students to use. The experimental classroom, which they called the “friendly classroom,” was redecorated with the help of a design consultant. Several walls were painted bright colors, art posters hung on the walls, large plants added to the room, and colorful Chinese kites hung from the ceiling. In addition to traditional desks, a part of the room was outfitted with area rugs, color-coordinated cushions, and wooden cubes to provide nontraditional seating.

The researchers investigated how these two different environments affected performance in actual college classes. Two professors teaching introductory psychology agreed to participate in the study although they were not informed of the purpose of the research. When school began, each class was randomly assigned to one of the two rooms. Halfway through the term, the classes switched rooms. Thus, students in both classes spent half the term in the control room and half in the experimental room. Students were not told they were being studied; the switch in rooms was explained as occurring because the original room was needed for videotaping. The most striking finding from this study was that students performed significantly better on regular course exams when they were in the friendly rather than the sterile room.

18. We can conclude from the passage that the two professors might have guessed the purpose of the study they were in because ____.

【題組共用題幹】

College classrooms are often drab and dreary places. Walls are painted a variation of “institutional gray”; furniture is easy to clean, but uncomfortable and unattractive. Chairs are lined up in straight rows facing the teacher’s desk or lectern. In one study, over 80% of university students rated their classrooms negatively, describing them as ugly, cramped, stuffy, and uncomfortable. The research by environmental psychologists is beginning to show that unattractive classrooms are not only unappealing; they may also adversely affect academic performance.

A more carefully controlled study of classroom environments was conducted a few years ago. The researchers selected two identical classrooms located side by side in the psychology building. The control classroom, which they called the “sterile classroom,” had white walls, a gray carpet, and rows of plastic desks. Besides, an alcohol-based beautiful hand sanitizer was placed in the room for students to use. The experimental classroom, which they called the “friendly classroom,” was redecorated with the help of a design consultant. Several walls were painted bright colors, art posters hung on the walls, large plants added to the room, and colorful Chinese kites hung from the ceiling. In addition to traditional desks, a part of the room was outfitted with area rugs, color-coordinated cushions, and wooden cubes to provide nontraditional seating.

The researchers investigated how these two different environments affected performance in actual college classes. Two professors teaching introductory psychology agreed to participate in the study although they were not informed of the purpose of the research. When school began, each class was randomly assigned to one of the two rooms. Halfway through the term, the classes switched rooms. Thus, students in both classes spent half the term in the control room and half in the experimental room. Students were not told they were being studied; the switch in rooms was explained as occurring because the original room was needed for videotaping. The most striking finding from this study was that students performed significantly better on regular course exams when they were in the friendly rather than the sterile room.

19. The sentence “____” best expresses the central point of this passage.

【題組共用題幹】

College classrooms are often drab and dreary places. Walls are painted a variation of “institutional gray”; furniture is easy to clean, but uncomfortable and unattractive. Chairs are lined up in straight rows facing the teacher’s desk or lectern. In one study, over 80% of university students rated their classrooms negatively, describing them as ugly, cramped, stuffy, and uncomfortable. The research by environmental psychologists is beginning to show that unattractive classrooms are not only unappealing; they may also adversely affect academic performance.

A more carefully controlled study of classroom environments was conducted a few years ago. The researchers selected two identical classrooms located side by side in the psychology building. The control classroom, which they called the “sterile classroom,” had white walls, a gray carpet, and rows of plastic desks. Besides, an alcohol-based beautiful hand sanitizer was placed in the room for students to use. The experimental classroom, which they called the “friendly classroom,” was redecorated with the help of a design consultant. Several walls were painted bright colors, art posters hung on the walls, large plants added to the room, and colorful Chinese kites hung from the ceiling. In addition to traditional desks, a part of the room was outfitted with area rugs, color-coordinated cushions, and wooden cubes to provide nontraditional seating.

The researchers investigated how these two different environments affected performance in actual college classes. Two professors teaching introductory psychology agreed to participate in the study although they were not informed of the purpose of the research. When school began, each class was randomly assigned to one of the two rooms. Halfway through the term, the classes switched rooms. Thus, students in both classes spent half the term in the control room and half in the experimental room. Students were not told they were being studied; the switch in rooms was explained as occurring because the original room was needed for videotaping. The most striking finding from this study was that students performed significantly better on regular course exams when they were in the friendly rather than the sterile room.

20. The sentence “____” is NOT relevant support for the setting of the two classrooms designed by the researchers.