115 國際經濟商務人員三等 國際經濟商務人員類科英文組 外國文(英文) 考古題詳解

英譯中：請將下列這段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文。

The clock is ticking: the ongoing war involving Iran, Israel, and the United States is already threatening the world’s food security. As conflict disrupts major shipping routes and drives up energy prices, its repercussions are rippling far beyond the battlefield. Fertilizer, fuel, and grain have become increasingly expensive, placing farmers and consumers alike in a precarious position. For wealthy nations, higher grocery bills may be an unwelcome burden; for poorer countries, however, they can mean the difference between subsistence and starvation. The global food system, already stretched thin by climate change and economic instability, is now walking a tightrope. If supply chains continue to fracture, shortages could snowball into a full-blown humanitarian crisis. War rarely respects national borders: its shock waves travel across oceans, reminding us that when one link in the global food chain snaps, millions may feel the strain.

中譯英：請將下面這段中文譯成正確、流暢的英文。

長久以來，教育體制建立在一套相對固定的模式之上：學生依年齡分班，在相同時間學習相同內容，最後再以標準化考試衡量學習成果。然而，這套行之有年的制度正逐漸受到挑戰。隨著人工智慧、線上學習及數位科技快速發展，知識不再只由教師在教室裡單向傳授，學生也可以按照自己的程度、興趣與步調學習。教育的重心因此開始從「教了多少」轉向「學會了什麼」，學校的角色也隨之改變。未來的教師或許不再只是知識的傳遞者，而更像是學習的引導者。考試也可能不再是衡量能力的唯一標準，專題實作、團隊合作與解決問題的能力將受到更多重視。

英文作文：請根據下面的說明寫一篇約 300 字的英文作文。

Unlike lifespan, which refers simply to how long a person lives, healthspan focuses on how long they live in good health. With advances in medicine, nutrition, and technology, people today are not only living longer but also paying greater attention to the quality of their later years. Many invest considerable time and money in different aspects for the pursuit of a longer healthspan. Yet this pursuit also raises important questions.

Write an essay of approximately 300 words discussing the benefits and risks, the roles of lifestyle and technology in the pursuit of a longer healthspan, and its possible social impact. Use examples to support your views.

Researchers found that AI chatbots have a tendency to present false information as truth, so when a given sentence sounds ____, it may not guarantee its factuality.

Only a handful of the most skilled athletes were accepted into the country’s ____ training program.

She could clearly ____ the tension in the meeting room the moment she walked in.

The election campaign has entered its final and ____ phase.

Because of ignoring the safety rules and lacking proper training, Mark ____ a serious injury that required weeks of treatment and physical therapy.

To enhance local tourism and support small businesses, some cities provide ____ highlighting their famous landmarks, local cuisine, and popular tourist attractions for visitors.

When seeing her favorite idol, she became so ____; her eyes sparkled, her hands moved excitedly, and her voice got louder with enthusiasm.

Despite studying all night, Sarah couldn’t ____ the information; by the time the test started, her mind went blank.

She gave a(n) ____ nod of approval, barely noticeable but enough to convey her agreement.

The government is trying to ____ air pollution by encouraging people to use public transportation instead of cars.

【題組共用題幹】

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

【題組共用題幹】

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

【題組共用題幹】

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

【題組共用題幹】

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

【題組共用題幹】

There are a thousand little facts connected with dogs which all tend to develop their character. For instance, everyone knows the ____ of dogs for warmth, and that they never appear more ____ than when reposing on the rug before a good fire. If, however, I quit the room, my dog leaves his warm berth, and places himself at the door, where he can better hear my footsteps, and be ready to greet me when I re-enter. If I am preparing to take a walk, my dog is instantly aware of my intention. He frisks and jumps about, and is all eagerness to accompany me. If I am thoughtful or ____, he appears to sympathize with me. ____, when I am disposed to be merry, he shows by his manner that he rejoices with me. Furthermore, I have often watched the effect which a change in my countenance would produce. If I ____ or look severe, but without saying a word or uttering a sound, the effect is instantly seen by the ears dropping, and the eyes showing unhappiness, together with a doubtful movement of the tail.

【題組共用題幹】

The concept of speed reading has long been promoted as a method to dramatically increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Numerous programs and apps claim to help individuals read at rates far beyond the average 200–400 words per minute without sacrificing understanding. However, neuroscientific research suggests otherwise. While speed reading techniques may allow for faster word recognition, they come at the cost of comprehension and retention.

One of the most common speed reading techniques involves reducing subvocalization, or the internal voice that naturally accompanies reading. While limiting this may slightly increase speed, it also impairs comprehension, as language processing heavily relies on phonological (sound-based) encoding. Simply put, understanding text without subvocalization is extremely difficult because the brain processes written words in a way that is inherently linked to spoken language.

Despite bold claims, research consistently discredits speed reading courses. One famous study involved two individuals who claimed to read at over 100,000 words per minute. When tested in a laboratory setting, they were able to scan pages at lightning speed, but their comprehension scores were almost non-existent. The only skill they demonstrated was an impressive ability to turn pages quickly. Another approach commonly found in speed reading apps is Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, in which words appear one at a time in a fixed position. This method eliminates eye movement, which proponents claim is unnecessary. However, as reading speed increases, comprehension drops sharply. Studies indicate that readers struggle to process meaning when words are flashed too quickly, reinforcing the idea that natural reading processes cannot be bypassed.

Neuroscience debunks speed reading as an effective tool for comprehension. While individuals may train themselves to read slightly faster, true mastery of reading comes from consistent practice, enhanced vocabulary, and focused engagement. Just as musicians or athletes refine their craft through years of practice, reading is a skill that must be developed over time. The reality is clear: there are no shortcuts to deep comprehension.

What is the main argument of the passage?

【題組共用題幹】

The concept of speed reading has long been promoted as a method to dramatically increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Numerous programs and apps claim to help individuals read at rates far beyond the average 200–400 words per minute without sacrificing understanding. However, neuroscientific research suggests otherwise. While speed reading techniques may allow for faster word recognition, they come at the cost of comprehension and retention.

One of the most common speed reading techniques involves reducing subvocalization, or the internal voice that naturally accompanies reading. While limiting this may slightly increase speed, it also impairs comprehension, as language processing heavily relies on phonological (sound-based) encoding. Simply put, understanding text without subvocalization is extremely difficult because the brain processes written words in a way that is inherently linked to spoken language.

Despite bold claims, research consistently discredits speed reading courses. One famous study involved two individuals who claimed to read at over 100,000 words per minute. When tested in a laboratory setting, they were able to scan pages at lightning speed, but their comprehension scores were almost non-existent. The only skill they demonstrated was an impressive ability to turn pages quickly. Another approach commonly found in speed reading apps is Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, in which words appear one at a time in a fixed position. This method eliminates eye movement, which proponents claim is unnecessary. However, as reading speed increases, comprehension drops sharply. Studies indicate that readers struggle to process meaning when words are flashed too quickly, reinforcing the idea that natural reading processes cannot be bypassed.

Neuroscience debunks speed reading as an effective tool for comprehension. While individuals may train themselves to read slightly faster, true mastery of reading comes from consistent practice, enhanced vocabulary, and focused engagement. Just as musicians or athletes refine their craft through years of practice, reading is a skill that must be developed over time. The reality is clear: there are no shortcuts to deep comprehension.

According to the passage, which of the following is true about subvocalization?

【題組共用題幹】

The concept of speed reading has long been promoted as a method to dramatically increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Numerous programs and apps claim to help individuals read at rates far beyond the average 200–400 words per minute without sacrificing understanding. However, neuroscientific research suggests otherwise. While speed reading techniques may allow for faster word recognition, they come at the cost of comprehension and retention.

One of the most common speed reading techniques involves reducing subvocalization, or the internal voice that naturally accompanies reading. While limiting this may slightly increase speed, it also impairs comprehension, as language processing heavily relies on phonological (sound-based) encoding. Simply put, understanding text without subvocalization is extremely difficult because the brain processes written words in a way that is inherently linked to spoken language.

Despite bold claims, research consistently discredits speed reading courses. One famous study involved two individuals who claimed to read at over 100,000 words per minute. When tested in a laboratory setting, they were able to scan pages at lightning speed, but their comprehension scores were almost non-existent. The only skill they demonstrated was an impressive ability to turn pages quickly. Another approach commonly found in speed reading apps is Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, in which words appear one at a time in a fixed position. This method eliminates eye movement, which proponents claim is unnecessary. However, as reading speed increases, comprehension drops sharply. Studies indicate that readers struggle to process meaning when words are flashed too quickly, reinforcing the idea that natural reading processes cannot be bypassed.

Neuroscience debunks speed reading as an effective tool for comprehension. While individuals may train themselves to read slightly faster, true mastery of reading comes from consistent practice, enhanced vocabulary, and focused engagement. Just as musicians or athletes refine their craft through years of practice, reading is a skill that must be developed over time. The reality is clear: there are no shortcuts to deep comprehension.

According to the passage, what does “natural reading processes cannot be bypassed” most likely mean?

【題組共用題幹】

The concept of speed reading has long been promoted as a method to dramatically increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Numerous programs and apps claim to help individuals read at rates far beyond the average 200–400 words per minute without sacrificing understanding. However, neuroscientific research suggests otherwise. While speed reading techniques may allow for faster word recognition, they come at the cost of comprehension and retention.

One of the most common speed reading techniques involves reducing subvocalization, or the internal voice that naturally accompanies reading. While limiting this may slightly increase speed, it also impairs comprehension, as language processing heavily relies on phonological (sound-based) encoding. Simply put, understanding text without subvocalization is extremely difficult because the brain processes written words in a way that is inherently linked to spoken language.

Despite bold claims, research consistently discredits speed reading courses. One famous study involved two individuals who claimed to read at over 100,000 words per minute. When tested in a laboratory setting, they were able to scan pages at lightning speed, but their comprehension scores were almost non-existent. The only skill they demonstrated was an impressive ability to turn pages quickly. Another approach commonly found in speed reading apps is Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, in which words appear one at a time in a fixed position. This method eliminates eye movement, which proponents claim is unnecessary. However, as reading speed increases, comprehension drops sharply. Studies indicate that readers struggle to process meaning when words are flashed too quickly, reinforcing the idea that natural reading processes cannot be bypassed.

Neuroscience debunks speed reading as an effective tool for comprehension. While individuals may train themselves to read slightly faster, true mastery of reading comes from consistent practice, enhanced vocabulary, and focused engagement. Just as musicians or athletes refine their craft through years of practice, reading is a skill that must be developed over time. The reality is clear: there are no shortcuts to deep comprehension.

Why do speed reading apps using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation fail to improve comprehension?

【題組共用題幹】

The concept of speed reading has long been promoted as a method to dramatically increase reading speed while maintaining comprehension. Numerous programs and apps claim to help individuals read at rates far beyond the average 200–400 words per minute without sacrificing understanding. However, neuroscientific research suggests otherwise. While speed reading techniques may allow for faster word recognition, they come at the cost of comprehension and retention.

One of the most common speed reading techniques involves reducing subvocalization, or the internal voice that naturally accompanies reading. While limiting this may slightly increase speed, it also impairs comprehension, as language processing heavily relies on phonological (sound-based) encoding. Simply put, understanding text without subvocalization is extremely difficult because the brain processes written words in a way that is inherently linked to spoken language.

Despite bold claims, research consistently discredits speed reading courses. One famous study involved two individuals who claimed to read at over 100,000 words per minute. When tested in a laboratory setting, they were able to scan pages at lightning speed, but their comprehension scores were almost non-existent. The only skill they demonstrated was an impressive ability to turn pages quickly. Another approach commonly found in speed reading apps is Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, in which words appear one at a time in a fixed position. This method eliminates eye movement, which proponents claim is unnecessary. However, as reading speed increases, comprehension drops sharply. Studies indicate that readers struggle to process meaning when words are flashed too quickly, reinforcing the idea that natural reading processes cannot be bypassed.

Neuroscience debunks speed reading as an effective tool for comprehension. While individuals may train themselves to read slightly faster, true mastery of reading comes from consistent practice, enhanced vocabulary, and focused engagement. Just as musicians or athletes refine their craft through years of practice, reading is a skill that must be developed over time. The reality is clear: there are no shortcuts to deep comprehension.

According to the passage, what is the author’s attitude towards speed reading courses?