114 司法特考三等 觀護人（選試少年事件處理法）類科 法學知識與英文（包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文） 考古題詳解

關於修憲程序，下列敘述何者正確？

依憲法規定，已逾學齡未受基本教育之國民，如何受補習教育？

憲法第 16 條保障人民之訴訟權，依司法院大法官解釋與憲法法庭判決之意旨，下列敘述何者錯誤？

國家基於犯罪偵查之目的，對被告或犯罪嫌疑人進行通訊監察，並未直接影響受監察人下列何種權利？

依司法院大法官解釋，關於原住民文化權及身分認同權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，有關人身自由之保障，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依憲法及相關法律規定、司法院大法官解釋意旨，有關立法院審查預算案，下列敘述何者正確？

下列何種事項，行政院院長無須提交行政院會議議決？

依憲法訴訟法規定，下列案件之判決，何者應本於言詞辯論為之？

憲法增修條文第 4 條規定單一選區兩票制、政黨比例代表席次及政黨門檻。下列敘述何者錯誤？

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭裁判，關於土地徵收制度，下列敘述何者正確？

憲法第 19 條規定：「人民有依法律納稅之義務。」下列關於租稅之敘述，何者正確？

下列何者並非現行憲法規定之立法院職權？

有關我國法律違憲審查制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？

有關地方制度之立法，下列何者為憲法所不許？

乙受僱於甲公司，關於各項請求權消滅時效，下列敘述何者正確？

下列關於性傾向在憲法上之評價，何者錯誤？

依憲法本文規定，若院與院間發生爭執，何者得召集有關各院院長會商解決之？

有關刑法第 131 條公務員圖利罪，下列敘述何者錯誤？

有關未遂犯，下列敘述何者錯誤？

有關「原因自由行為」，下列敘述何者錯誤？

A 公司擬和 B 公司合併，A 公司想了解公司法中有關公司合併之限制，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列何種行為屬於處分行為？

甲將所有之 A 屋出租於乙，雙方口頭約定租期自下個月初起 2 年，租金每月新臺幣 3 萬元。下列敘述何者正確？

關於我國民法規定之習慣法，下列敘述何者正確？

臺灣街頭常見「二胎借款」的廣告，「二胎」的意思是「第二順位抵押權」，其乃源自於傳統漢人的「胎借」習慣名稱，加上自日治時期導入的近代抵押權之效力，可謂傳統習慣與近代西方法律交匯後之產物。對此社會現象，下列敘述何者正確？

關於行政命令，下列敘述何者正確？

行政機關藉由立法制定當時的相關立法文件，探究行政法規之規範意旨，此係運用何種解釋方法？

依我國著作權法規定，有關著作權的敘述，下列何者正確？

A 公司職員甲於開車送貨途中因過失與乙發生車禍，下列敘述何者正確？

Her art exhibit was a ____ of imaginative sculptures and paintings that captured the audience’s imagination.

The generous host provided a/an ____ amount of food and drinks for all the guests at the party.

After I submitted the receipt, the company agreed to ____ me for the travel expenses incurred during the business trip.

Even with proper training and care, some wild animals cannot become ____ and affectionate companions.

Working in ____ often leads to mistakes that could have been avoided with a more careful approach.

The team members worked together to ____ their efforts, each contributing their skills and expertise to achieve a common goal efficiently and effectively.

The old man is as ____ as a mule; he never listens to others’ opinions.

My three-year-old niece ____ showed off the birthday present that she liked very much.

All students were ____ by the puzzle given by the instructor as none of them was able to solve it.

The imminent threat of a thunderstorm ____ us to quickly gather our belongings and seek shelter indoors before the rain started pouring down.

【題組共用題幹】

The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In order to let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government ____ the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning from April 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage” with its ____ of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engage themselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become ____ and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. The origin of Songkran Festival can be ____ back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city of Sukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people were sinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by having them ____ by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.

Which word best fits the first blank?

【題組共用題幹】

The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In order to let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government ____ the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning from April 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage” with its ____ of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engage themselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become ____ and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. The origin of Songkran Festival can be ____ back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city of Sukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people were sinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by having them ____ by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.

Which word best fits the second blank?

【題組共用題幹】

The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In order to let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government ____ the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning from April 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage” with its ____ of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engage themselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become ____ and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. The origin of Songkran Festival can be ____ back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city of Sukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people were sinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by having them ____ by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.

Which word best fits the third blank?

【題組共用題幹】

The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In order to let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government ____ the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning from April 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage” with its ____ of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engage themselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become ____ and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. The origin of Songkran Festival can be ____ back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city of Sukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people were sinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by having them ____ by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.

Which word best fits the fourth blank?

【題組共用題幹】

The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In order to let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government ____ the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning from April 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage” with its ____ of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engage themselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become ____ and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. The origin of Songkran Festival can be ____ back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city of Sukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people were sinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by having them ____ by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.

Which word best fits the fifth blank?

【題組共用題幹】

Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.

Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.

Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.

However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.

It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

Which of the following titles best describes this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.

Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.

Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.

However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.

It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

What is the main idea of the third paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.

Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.

Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.

However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.

It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

【題組共用題幹】

Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.

Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.

Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.

However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.

It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

Which of the following best replaces “disturbances” in the second paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production. Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stability and agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which has captured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.

Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their natural habitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’ habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature and rainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.

Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviews important agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, the researchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication when tackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.

However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Not until recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservation strategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial and natural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility to pathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.

It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged, including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees through appropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators. Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategies to reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?