114 司法特考四等 監所管理員（男）類科 法學知識與英文（包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文） 考古題詳解

依司法院解釋意旨，下列何者並非以法治國原則為法理根據？

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭裁判，關於刑事被告之訴訟權保障，下列敘述何者正確？

依司法院大法官解釋，有關結社自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依憲法法庭判決，下列何者非屬資訊隱私權之保障範圍？

公職人員選舉罷免法第 67 條第 2 項規定，關於全國不分區立委選舉，若各該政黨之得票比率未達百分之 5 以上者，不予分配當選名額，可能與下列何選舉原則發生衝突？

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何項規定或措施，不涉及人民言論自由之干預？

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭判決，關於原住民狩獵文化權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依據司法院大法官釋憲實務，關於基本權利之適用範圍及主體，下列敘述何者正確？

M 公司係菸品業者，因以公司名義顯名贊助某演唱會活動，被主管機關以違反菸害防制法規定裁罰。依據司法院大法官釋憲實務，下列敘述何者正確？

依憲法與增修條文規定，總統發布之下列何種命令，無須副署？

憲法增修條文第 7 條第 2 項規定，監察委員由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之。關於立法院消極不行使同意權，致監察委員無從出任之爭議，司法院釋字第 632 號解釋採取下列何種立場？

依憲法及增修條文規定，關於立法院，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列何種案件得由普通法院聲請憲法法庭裁判？

下列何者得提起機關爭議訴訟，請求憲法法庭裁判？

有關中央與地方之關係，下列敘述何者正確？

下列何者非刑法上之易刑處分？

為打造友善育兒之職場環境，提高生育率並促進性別工作平等，懷孕婦女依性別平等工作法之規定可享有之權利，下列敘述何者正確？

關於刑法時之效力之敘述，下列何者錯誤？

下列何者屬於刑法上的公務員？

下列何者無法提出憲法訴訟之聲請？

有關公法上自治規章的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

甲、乙與丙共有 A 地，應有部分各三分之一。關於甲就 A 地之權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列關於工作規則之敘述，何者錯誤？

債法是何種法系之民法的最重要部分？

依據中央法規標準法第 24 條第 1 項規定，法律定有施行期限，但主管機關認為需要延長者，應以下列何種程序辦理？

關於大法庭裁定之效力，下列敘述何者正確？

司法院釋字第 75 號解釋表示：「查制憲國民大會，對於國民大會代表不得兼任官吏，及現任官吏不得當選為國民大會代表之主張均未採納」，因此國民大會代表非不得兼任官吏。於此，大法官主要採取下列何種解釋方法？

除所有權外，民法上物權依其功能區分為用益物權與擔保物權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

40 歲之甲男與乙女為夫妻，甲獨自登玉山山頂，言明 2 天回來，卻逾 2 週未歸，而被認定為失蹤。依民法有關死亡宣告之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？

甲創作一大型雕塑作品 A，由乙公司買入置於大廈門口作為公共空間造景，並對外公開展出。丙某日偶然行經此處，以該雕塑為背景進行人像攝影，創作照片 B 參賽獲獎。下列敘述何者正確？

To escape from the hustle and bustle of city life, the couple sold their house in the big city and decided to live in countryside for good.

Hand nerve repair surgery is a complex and ____ procedure that aims to reconnect any broken nerves.

The successful music festival ____ a variety of musical styles, as well as aboriginal foods, crafts, and drinks.

The firefighter rushed into the burning building to rescue the trapped occupants by ____, ignoring personal safety.

The mayor ____ questions about his scandal involving the actress.

To quickly gather the main ideas of the article, she decided to ____ through it before the meeting.

Hoping to ____ the country’s economy, the government is carrying out a new fiscal policy.

The charity deserves ____ for helping many poor families make ends meet during the recession.

The long-term ____ under the sun might cause serious damage to us such as aging, skin burns, or skin cancer.

Don’t put your wool sweater in the washing machine; it may ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel 41. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions of high-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.

Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that 42 their understanding and their desire to understand.

Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't mean you need to stay completely silent. If you do interject, 43, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

Another great way is 44 summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your 45 to talk. Finally, don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which can benefit the speaker as well.

41. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel 41. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions of high-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.

Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that 42 their understanding and their desire to understand.

Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't mean you need to stay completely silent. If you do interject, 43, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

Another great way is 44 summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your 45 to talk. Finally, don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which can benefit the speaker as well.

42. Good listeners also use questions and body language that ____ their understanding and their desire to understand.

【題組共用題幹】

Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel 41. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions of high-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.

Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that 42 their understanding and their desire to understand.

Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't mean you need to stay completely silent. If you do interject, 43, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

Another great way is 44 summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your 45 to talk. Finally, don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which can benefit the speaker as well.

43. If you do interject, ____, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

【題組共用題幹】

Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel 41. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions of high-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.

Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that 42 their understanding and their desire to understand.

Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't mean you need to stay completely silent. If you do interject, 43, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

Another great way is 44 summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your 45 to talk. Finally, don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which can benefit the speaker as well.

44. Another great way is ____ summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything.

【題組共用題幹】

Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is about being interested in another person and making them feel 41. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions of high-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.

Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that 42 their understanding and their desire to understand.

Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't mean you need to stay completely silent. If you do interject, 43, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions that help the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.

Another great way is 44 summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your 45 to talk. Finally, don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which can benefit the speaker as well.

45. This would show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your ____ to talk.

【題組共用題幹】

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.

By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species, supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.

But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversity within captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.

In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

46. What is the main idea of this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.

By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species, supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.

But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversity within captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.

In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

47. According to the advocates, which of the following is the benefit of the zoo?

【題組共用題幹】

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.

By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species, supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.

But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversity within captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.

In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

48. Why do animal rights activists oppose the existence of zoos?

【題組共用題幹】

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.

By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species, supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.

But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversity within captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.

In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

49. According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “exotic”?

【題組共用題幹】

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.

By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species, supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.

But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversity within captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.

In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

50. What can be inferred about the author's belief in zoos?