113 地方特考三等 資訊處理 法學知識與英文（包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文） 考古題詳解

依司法院釋字第 690 號解釋，傳染病防治法制上宜明確規範強制隔離之最長期限，決定處置之組織與程序，建立司法救濟與合理補償之機制。上述要求主要是基於下列何種憲法原則而來？

憲法本文關於邊疆地區各民族之地位保障，係於何一章節中規定？

下列何者不屬於司法院大法官關於職業自由所建立的「三階段理論」內涵？

下列何一戶籍法之規定，因侵害人民隱私權、違反比例原則，遭司法院大法官於釋字第 603 號解釋宣告違憲？

依憲法增修條文之規定，總統、副總統彈劾之審理機關為下列何者？

依據憲法增修條文規定，關於行政院院長之不信任案，下列敘述何者錯誤？

關於憲法訴訟法施行後始送達之裁判，下列何者為人民得聲請憲法法庭判決之標的？

依憲法訴訟法規定，若地方議會制定之自治條例被行政院函告無效，應依據下列何種途徑提出釋憲聲請？

關於行政執行法明定之管收處分，依司法院釋字第 588 號解釋，下列敘述何者正確？

依司法院釋字第 745 號解釋，關於量能課稅原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？

有關公法與私法分類之敘述，下列何者錯誤？

依中央法規標準法規定，關於法規之廢止，下列敘述何者正確？

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非屬信賴利益保障應審酌之因素？

下列何者為刑法上的公務員？

甲、乙及丙等三位好友決定成立一家有限公司，有關有限公司之成立與組成，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依家庭暴力防治法之規定，下列何者非直轄市、縣（市）主管機關設置家庭暴力防治委員會之目的？

清帝國在 1902 年後著手制定現代化的新法，請問清朝末年留下的新法草案主要以下列何法系為學習對象？

依據行政程序法之規定，下列何者非屬行政機關之要件？

甲與丙成立連帶保證契約，擔保丙對乙所負之借款債務。下列敘述何者錯誤？

勞工甲於公司已經連續上班 10 年，期間公司持續投保勞工保險，後來發現自己懷孕，隨後於孕期 6 個月時感到不適，所以離職安胎並退出勞工保險，直到生產後均未再加保。請問甲是否可請領勞工保險之生育給付？

Everyone in the meeting was startled when they heard this ____ sound of a chair falling on the floor.

Grandma has been suffering from ____ back pain for many years.

At least a third of all Americans are battling obesity, and fast food is a leading ____.

The sad fact is that most college students have the ____ that “getting by” is good enough.

The size of a house or ____ significantly affects the size of its ecological footprint.

David’s colleagues think highly of him because he always takes the ____ in doing jobs and helping out.

The ____ of the old stone bridge has withstood centuries of weather and traffic.

To graduate, every student needs to take this course because it is ____.

Population growth may lead to geographic expansion of a society, military conflicts, and the ____ of cultures.

The evidence linking the suspect to the crime was ____ and lacked substantial proof.

Tom was excited because the ____ forecast predicted new job offers for him.

A ____ justice system deals with cases of crimes committed by young defendants who are under the age of 18.

Liability car insurance pays for your legal defense and judgments or ____ if you’re sued because of a car accident.

Facing decreasing numbers of incoming students, quite a few universities have turned their ____ teaching positions into contract-based or part-time positions.

None of the employees expected a pay raise for next year. ____ to what they thought, the boss announced a raise for all employees at the annual budget meeting.

The city council voted unanimously to ____ the use of plastic bags to reduce environmental pollution.

The aroma of freshly baked cookies ____ in the kitchen, tempting everyone to indulge.

Thanks to the frequent rainfall in spring, there should be an ____ supply of fresh water for the villagers this summer.

She won the speech contest because she ____ her thoughts with great clarity and precision.

Planting more trees can help ____ the effects of pollution on the environment.

【題組共用題幹】

Labor issues encompass a broad range of challenges that can have profound influences on many aspects. At the individual level, labor disputes can lead to job insecurity, financial strain, and emotional ____ for workers. Their livelihoods and overall well-being were hence seriously ____. Unfair labor practices, such as wage theft, discrimination, and unsafe working conditions, can further exacerbate these challenges, ____ workers’ health, dignity, and basic rights. From a business perspective, labor issues can disrupt operations, damage reputation, and incur significant financial costs like legal fees and lost productivity. Moreover, labor ____ can break relationships between employers and employees, eroding trust and cooperation, which are essential for a productive work environment. At a societal level, ____ labor issues can contribute to widening inequalities, social unrest, and economic instability. All the above underscore the importance of fair labor practices between employers and laborers.

【題組共用題幹】

Labor issues encompass a broad range of challenges that can have profound influences on many aspects. At the individual level, labor disputes can lead to job insecurity, financial strain, and emotional ____ for workers. Their livelihoods and overall well-being were hence seriously ____. Unfair labor practices, such as wage theft, discrimination, and unsafe working conditions, can further exacerbate these challenges, ____ workers’ health, dignity, and basic rights. From a business perspective, labor issues can disrupt operations, damage reputation, and incur significant financial costs like legal fees and lost productivity. Moreover, labor ____ can break relationships between employers and employees, eroding trust and cooperation, which are essential for a productive work environment. At a societal level, ____ labor issues can contribute to widening inequalities, social unrest, and economic instability. All the above underscore the importance of fair labor practices between employers and laborers.

【題組共用題幹】

Labor issues encompass a broad range of challenges that can have profound influences on many aspects. At the individual level, labor disputes can lead to job insecurity, financial strain, and emotional ____ for workers. Their livelihoods and overall well-being were hence seriously ____. Unfair labor practices, such as wage theft, discrimination, and unsafe working conditions, can further exacerbate these challenges, ____ workers’ health, dignity, and basic rights. From a business perspective, labor issues can disrupt operations, damage reputation, and incur significant financial costs like legal fees and lost productivity. Moreover, labor ____ can break relationships between employers and employees, eroding trust and cooperation, which are essential for a productive work environment. At a societal level, ____ labor issues can contribute to widening inequalities, social unrest, and economic instability. All the above underscore the importance of fair labor practices between employers and laborers.

【題組共用題幹】

Labor issues encompass a broad range of challenges that can have profound influences on many aspects. At the individual level, labor disputes can lead to job insecurity, financial strain, and emotional ____ for workers. Their livelihoods and overall well-being were hence seriously ____. Unfair labor practices, such as wage theft, discrimination, and unsafe working conditions, can further exacerbate these challenges, ____ workers’ health, dignity, and basic rights. From a business perspective, labor issues can disrupt operations, damage reputation, and incur significant financial costs like legal fees and lost productivity. Moreover, labor ____ can break relationships between employers and employees, eroding trust and cooperation, which are essential for a productive work environment. At a societal level, ____ labor issues can contribute to widening inequalities, social unrest, and economic instability. All the above underscore the importance of fair labor practices between employers and laborers.

【題組共用題幹】

Labor issues encompass a broad range of challenges that can have profound influences on many aspects. At the individual level, labor disputes can lead to job insecurity, financial strain, and emotional ____ for workers. Their livelihoods and overall well-being were hence seriously ____. Unfair labor practices, such as wage theft, discrimination, and unsafe working conditions, can further exacerbate these challenges, ____ workers’ health, dignity, and basic rights. From a business perspective, labor issues can disrupt operations, damage reputation, and incur significant financial costs like legal fees and lost productivity. Moreover, labor ____ can break relationships between employers and employees, eroding trust and cooperation, which are essential for a productive work environment. At a societal level, ____ labor issues can contribute to widening inequalities, social unrest, and economic instability. All the above underscore the importance of fair labor practices between employers and laborers.

【題組共用題幹】

While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye.

The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments.

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

46. What is the main idea of this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye.

The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments.

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

47. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “impairments”?

【題組共用題幹】

While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye.

The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments.

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

48. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

【題組共用題幹】

While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye.

The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments.

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

49. According to the passage, why do plastics end up being the cause of Great Pacific Garbage Patch?

【題組共用題幹】

While “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” is a term often used by the media, it does not paint an accurate picture of the marine debris problem in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris concentrates in various regions of the North Pacific, not just in one area. The exact size, content, and location of the “garbage patches” are difficult to accurately predict. The name “Pacific Garbage Patch” is not visible with satellite or aerial photographs. While higher concentrations of litter items can be found in this area, much of the debris is actually small pieces of floating plastic that are not immediately evident to the naked eye.

The entire Great Pacific Garbage Patch is bounded by the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The circular motion of the gyre draws debris into this stable center, where it becomes trapped. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris for two reasons. First, plastic’s durability, low cost, and malleability mean that it’s being used in more and more consumer and industrial products. Second, plastic goods do not biodegrade but instead, break down into smaller pieces. It is possible to sail through “garbage patch” areas in the Pacific and see very little or no debris on the water’s surface. Debris found in any region of the ocean can easily be ingested by marine species causing choking, starvation, and other impairments.

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider. Besides, it is not likely that any country will pay the expensive bill.

50. According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the route through the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?