113 一般警察特考四等 行政警察人員 英文 考古題詳解
第 1 題2 分
John was angry because one of his colleagues took the ____ of using his computer.
核心觀念
本題考固定用法 take the liberty of + V-ing,意思是「擅自做某事」或「冒昧做某事」。句中 John 因為同事未經同意就使用他的電腦而生氣,符合「擅自使用」的語意。
解題方法
先看空格後的結構:空格後是 of using,因此要找能與 take ... of + 動名詞 搭配、且符合上下文語意的字。固定片語 take the liberty of doing something 正好表示未經許可便做某事。
選項分析
- (A) latitude:指「緯度」;引申可指「行動自由、裁量空間」,但 take the latitude of using 不是本句要考的固定搭配。
第 2 題2 分
Local job growth has been solid in the past several years, despite fears of a(n) ____.
核心觀念
本題考單字語意與語境判斷。句意為:「過去幾年地方就業成長穩健,儘管當時有人擔心會發生一場__。」空格需要填入與經濟衰退相關的名詞,才能與「就業成長穩健」形成轉折。
解題方法
先抓句中的關鍵線索:job growth(就業成長)和 despite fears of(儘管有人擔心)。人們可能擔心經濟衰退,但實際上地方就業仍穩健,因此空格應是「經濟衰退」。
選項分析
- (A) recession:經濟衰退。fears of a recession 表示「對經濟衰退的憂慮」,搭配自然且符合句意,正確。
- (B) attribution:歸因、歸屬。
第 3 題2 分
In a highly industrialized and commercialized society, people tend to become ____ empty, though they may have a lot of material comfort.
核心觀念
本題考「副詞修飾形容詞」及字義判斷。空格後的 empty 是形容詞,描述人在物質舒適之外的內在狀態;前面的空格要填能修飾 empty、且符合句意的副詞。
解題方法
句意是:「在高度工業化與商業化的社會中,人們即使享有許多物質上的舒適,仍容易變得__空虛。」
前後形成「物質生活富足」與「內在空虛」的對比,因此空格應表達精神或心靈層面。spiritually empty 意為「精神上空虛」,最符合句意與搭配。
選項分析
- (A) physically:意為「身體上、體能上」。physically empty 不符合此處「物質享受多卻內心空虛」的對比。
第 4 題2 分
Right at the gate of the art museum stand two large figures ____ out of rock.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞的語意搭配」與過去分詞作補語。句意是:「美術館入口旁,立著兩尊以岩石雕刻而成的大型人像。」表示以石材雕刻成形,應使用 carve。
解題方法
句中主詞是 two large figures,空格後的 out of rock 說明這些人像是「用岩石製作而成」。慣用搭配為 carve something out of rock,意為「把某物從岩石中雕刻出來」。
此處的 carved out of rock 是過去分詞片語,修飾 two large figures,相當於 two large figures that are carved out of rock。
選項分析
第 5 題2 分
The explosion was caused by a gas ____ from the water heater.
核心觀念
本題考「同音近形字」與字義辨析。句意為:「爆炸是由熱水器的瓦斯__所引起。」空格須填入表示「漏氣、洩漏」的字。
解題方法
先看句意:熱水器的瓦斯若發生洩漏,可能引發爆炸,因此空格應填表示「洩漏」的名詞 leak。英文常見搭配是 a gas leak,意為「瓦斯外洩」。
選項分析
第 6 題2 分
The company has also ____ an application software that enables clients to design their own homes on phones.
核心觀念
本題考辨近形動詞的詞義。句意是:「公司也 ____ 一套應用軟體,讓客戶能用手機設計自己的房屋。」空格需要表示「構思、設計並創造出」的動詞。
解題方法
先看受詞 an application software(一套應用軟體),再看後面的關係子句說明軟體的用途。公司開發出能讓客戶設計房屋的軟體,因此空格應填表示「設計、構想、研製」的 devised。
選項分析
- (A) deduced:deduce 是「推論、推導」,例如 deduce a conclusion(推導出結論);不表示創造或設計軟體。
第 7 題2 分
The legislator said he was resigning but refused to ____ on his reasons to do so.
核心觀念
本題考動詞片語與語意搭配。句意是:「這位立法委員表示將辭職,但拒絕進一步說明辭職的理由。」空格應填入表示「詳細說明、闡述」的動詞。
解題方法
關鍵搭配是 elaborate on/upon something,意思是「詳細說明某事」。句中 on his reasons 正好符合這個用法,因此填入 elaborate。
選項分析
- (A) consulate:名詞是「領事館」;作動詞時意為「設立領事館」,不符合句意或搭配。
- (B) elaborate:elaborate on 意為「詳細說明、闡述」。
第 8 題2 分
The agent gained entry into the government building ____ a bribe to the guard.
核心觀念
本題考介系詞片語的意思與用法。句意是「這名探員__賄賂警衛,進入了政府大樓」,要找出能表達「藉由、透過某種手段」的片語。
by means of + 名詞表示「藉由、透過……」,後接名詞片語。本句的 a bribe(一筆賄款)正是進入大樓所使用的手段,因此語意與文法都相符。
解題方法
先抓句子的因果關係:探員成功進入政府大樓,是因為他賄賂了警衛。空格後接名詞片語 a bribe to the guard,所以應選能表示「利用某種手段」且可接名詞的片語。
選項分析
- (A) by means of:意為「藉由、透過」,後接名詞,符合句意與句型。 The agent gained entry into the government building by means of a bribe to the guard.
第 9 題2 分
An airplane pilot was removed from a fully boarded plane and arrested on suspicion of being ____.
核心觀念
本題考「依上下文判斷字義」以及描述酒醉狀態的形容詞。句意是:飛機已讓乘客登機,飛行員卻被帶離機艙,並因涉嫌某種狀態而遭逮捕。空格應填入「酒醉的、受酒精影響的」。
解題方法
先看搭配詞:on suspicion of being ____ 意為「因涉嫌處於……狀態而遭懷疑」。再根據飛行安全情境判斷,飛行員若疑似酒醉,確實可能在起飛前遭帶離並逮捕,因此應選表示「醉酒的」的 intoxicated。
選項分析
- (A) intolerated:不是此處表示「酒醉」的正確用字。相關單字是
intolerant(不寬容的;不能忍受的),與飛行員遭逮捕的語意不合。
第 10 題2 分
Jason used to work for a telephone company as an engineer, but he is ____ and enjoying a carefree life now.
核心觀念
本題考查描述「過去職業」與「現在生活狀態」的字義判斷。Jason 過去在電話公司擔任工程師,現在則過著無憂無慮的生活;空格應填入表示「已退休」的形容詞,讓前後語意連貫。
解題方法
先看句中的時間與生活線索:used to work 表示「過去曾經工作」,暗示 Jason 現在已不再從事原來的工作;enjoying a carefree life now 表示「現在享受無憂無慮的生活」。因此,最適合的字是 retired(退休的)。
選項分析
第 11 題2 分
To ____ on the big audiences, studios schedule their big-budget films during the summer months.
核心觀念
本題考片語動詞 cash in on,意為「利用……獲利、從……中賺取利益」。句子談到電影公司在暑假安排大製作電影,目的是利用暑期觀眾人數多的優勢來增加收益。
解題方法
先看空格後的介系詞 on。cash in 表示「兌現、獲利」,與 on 搭配成 cash in on + 名詞,表示「利用某事物獲利」。
因此,句子可理解為:「為了利用龐大的觀眾群,片商把大製作電影安排在夏季上映。」
選項分析
- (A) beat down:擊敗、打倒;也可指殺價。通常不與 on 搭配成表示「利用觀眾群獲利」的片語,語意不合。
第 12 題2 分
The politician is ____ as a male chauvinist because he made offensive remarks on women.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意與慣用搭配」。句意為:「這位政治人物因為發表冒犯女性的言論,被譴責為男性沙文主義者。」關鍵搭配是 denounce A as B,表示「譴責/公開指責 A 是 B」。
解題方法
先看空格後的 as a male chauvinist。「被稱作或指責為某種人」可用 be denounced as...。再看 because 引導的原因子句:發表冒犯女性的言論,符合「遭到譴責」的語意。因此空格應填 denounced。
選項分析
- (A) denounced:正確。 denounce 是「譴責、公開指責」,常用搭配為 denounce someone as...。本句是被動語態 is denounced as...,表示「被譴責為……」。
- **(B) dedicated:錯誤。
第 13 題2 分
The power of typhoon ____ gradually after it hit the Central Mountains.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞語意與上下文判斷」。句子描述颱風越過中央山脈後,威力逐漸減弱,因此空格應填表示「減弱、變小」的動詞。
解題方法
先抓住關鍵片語 after it hit the Central Mountains(在颱風侵襲中央山脈之後),再判斷前後語意:颱風受地形影響,威力逐漸減弱。句中的主詞 The power 是第三人稱單數,若使用一般現在式,動詞須加 -s;但此處敘述過去發生的事件,應使用過去式。選項中 diminished 是 diminish 的過去式,符合語意與時態。
選項分析
第 14 題2 分
The technology company partners with an online education platform to train ____ students in Artificial Intelligence for the workplace.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義與搭配。句意是科技公司與線上教育平台合作,訓練「____ 的學生」學習人工智慧,以應用於職場。空格應填入能形容學生具潛力、前途看好的字。
解題方法
先抓句中的受詞 students,再看後方的 in Artificial Intelligence for the workplace:這些學生正在接受職場人工智慧訓練。四個選項中,只有 promising 可自然表示「有潛力的、有前途的」,符合訓練學生以培養其職場能力的語意。
選項分析
- (A) practical:實用的、務實的。通常形容方法、技能或建議,例如 practical skills(實用技能);不符合此處「有潛力的學生」之意。
第 15 題2 分
The typical common cold lasts about 7 to 10 days. However, this may differ ____ each individual’s immune system.
核心觀念
本題考「介系詞片語」的語意與搭配。句意為:一般感冒通常會持續約 7 至 10 天;不過,實際病程會因每個人的免疫系統而異。
differ 表示「不同、有差異」;depending on 表示「取決於、視……而定」,可說明差異所依據的因素。
解題方法
先看空格後面的 each individual’s immune system 是影響感冒病程的因素,再依前後句意選擇能表示「視……而定」的片語:
this may differ depending on each individual’s immune system 實際情形會因每個人的免疫系統而有所不同。
選項分析
第 16 題2 分
The furniture company is testing a new furniture rental project to ____ to its environmentally conscious customers.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞與介系詞的固定搭配」及字義判斷。句意為:家具公司正在測試一項新的家具租賃計畫,以吸引重視環保的顧客。
表示「吸引、迎合某人的興趣或喜好」時,常用 appeal to + 人。因此空格應填 appeal。
解題方法
先看空格後的 to its environmentally conscious customers。搭配 appeal to someone,意思是「吸引某人、對某人有吸引力」。再依句意確認:推出家具租賃計畫,是為了吸引重視環保的顧客,語意通順。
選項分析
- (A) appeal:正確。 appeal to customers 表示「吸引顧客」;符合句型與語意。
- **(B) object:錯誤。
第 17 題2 分
Housework was ____ considered women’s work but today men increasingly share this task.
核心觀念
本題考副詞的語意與句意判讀。空格修飾動詞 considered,要選出能表達「過去長期以來的社會觀念」的副詞。
解題方法
句意為:「家務過去被視為女性的工作,但如今男性也愈來愈常分擔這項工作。」後半句的 but today 表示前後對比:過去的傳統觀念,對照現在男性逐漸參與。因此空格應填 traditionally(傳統上)。
選項分析
- (A) strategically:策略性地。常用來描述有計畫、有策略的行動,與「過去被視為女性的工作」不合。
- (B) imaginatively:富有想像力地、創意地。
第 18 題2 分
It was ____ that more than three hundred protesters were arrested by the police during the demonstration.
核心觀念
本題考查動詞的語意與常見句型。句中主詞是形式主詞 It,真正要表達的內容是後面的 that 子句:
It was ____ that more than three hundred protesters were arrested ...
句意為「示威期間,警方逮捕了三百多名抗議者,據估計如此。」描述人數或數量的估算,常用被動句型 It is estimated that ...,意為「據估計……」。
解題方法
先依上下文判斷空格需要表達的意思:句中提到「三百多名」被逮捕者,空格應表示對人數的推估。再檢視選項,只有 estimated 符合「估計」之意,也能自然接上 that 子句。
選項分析
第 19 題2 分
The passenger was denied boarding because his passport was not ____ long enough to enter the destination country.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的語意與慣用搭配。句中提到旅客因護照未符合目的地國家的入境期限要求而遭拒絕登機;護照必須在足夠長的期間內「有效」,因此應選 valid。
解題方法
先看句意:「旅客遭拒絕登機,因為他的護照在入境目的地國家時,效期不夠長。」空格需填入表示「有效的」形容詞,並與 long enough(足夠久)搭配。valid long enough 即「效期足夠長」。
選項分析
- (A) current:意為「目前的、現行的」,如 current information(最新資訊)。不表示證件仍在有效期限內,故不適合。
第 20 題2 分
____ investors are cautious about the way they invest their money and they try to minimize the risks.
核心觀念
本題考形容詞的字義判斷,以及字詞與句意的搭配。句中提到投資人「謹慎地投資金錢」並「試著將風險降到最低」,空格應填表示「保守的、謹慎的」形容詞。
解題方法
先看後半句的線索:they try to minimize the risks(他們試著將風險降到最低)。這描述投資人的投資風格,因此空格應選能形容謹慎、避免風險的字。Conservative investors 即「保守型投資人」,與後文語意一致。
選項分析
- (A) Courteous:有禮貌的、謙恭的,描述待人態度,與投資時降低風險的語意無關。
- (B) Conservative:保守的、謹慎的。
第 21 題2 分
Food manufacturers should not ____ from their responsibility to provide safe food for consumers.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞+介系詞」的慣用搭配,以及動詞在上下文中的語意。句意為:「食品製造商不應__提供安全食品給消費者的責任。」空格後接 from,可先尋找能與 from 搭配、且表示「退縮、逃避」的動詞。
解題方法
選項中 shrink from 是固定搭配,意思是「畏縮於、迴避、不願承擔」。因此 should not shrink from their responsibility 表示「不應逃避自己的責任」,符合句意。
選項分析
- (A) weaken:意為「削弱、減弱」,通常接受詞,如 weaken the argument(削弱論點);不符合「逃避責任」的語意。
- (B) release:意為「釋放、解除、免除」。
第 22 題2 分
We wanted to book a hotel room in this area but there were no ____.
核心觀念
本題考查旅館與住宿情境中的字彙。句意為:「我們想在這一帶訂一間飯店房間,但沒有空房。」空格需要填入表示「空房、空缺房間」的名詞。
解題方法
先讀出前半句的住宿情境:book a hotel room 是「預訂飯店房間」。後半句的 but 表示轉折,因此結果應是房間訂不到;there were no vacancies 意為「沒有空房」。
選項分析
- (A) vacancies:vacancy 指「空缺、空位」,用於旅館時常表示「空房」。no vacancies 即「客滿、沒有空房」,符合句意。
第 23 題2 分
My cousin had to wear ____ for his crooked teeth when he was a teenager.
核心觀念
本題考日常生活單字與語意判斷。句中 crooked teeth 指「排列不整齊的牙齒」,要選出矯正牙齒時會戴的物品。
解題方法
先看語意線索:had to wear 表示「必須戴著」,而 for his crooked teeth 說明佩戴原因是牙齒不整齊。能矯正牙齒的裝置是 braces,也就是「牙齒矯正器」。
選項分析
第 24 題2 分
Jane was wearing a newly ____ dress and was obviously in a good mood.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞過去分詞作形容詞」及字義判斷。空格前有副詞 newly(新近地),後接名詞 dress,表示「新近取得的洋裝」。
解題方法
先看語意搭配:Jane 穿著一件新近得到的洋裝,而且心情顯然很好。能表達「取得」的字是 acquire,其過去分詞 acquired 可作形容詞,修飾 dress。
句意:Jane 穿著一件新近得到的洋裝,心情顯然很好。
選項分析
- (A) eliminated:eliminate 意為「消除、淘汰」。newly eliminated dress 不符合「穿著洋裝」的語意。
第 25 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
核心觀念
本題考英文單字在語境中的搭配與詞義辨析。空格前的數字 659,以及後面的 of people getting locked in toilets,表示消防隊接獲多起「人受困於廁所」的事件通報,因此要選能表示「事件、事故」的名詞。
解題方法
將空格放回句中理解:
they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets 他們處理了 659 起民眾受困於廁所的事件。
英文常用 incidents of + 事件內容 表示「……事件」,且可用數字直接修飾複數名詞:659 incidents。語意與文法都吻合。
選項分析
- (A) residents:居民。指居住於某地的人,不能表示「受困事件」;
第 26 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
核心觀念
本題考查動詞的字義與上下文搭配。句中提到消防隊出勤協助救援受困的貓,因此空格需要表示「救回、取回」的動詞。
解題方法
先看句意:一名女子爬到樹上,目的是把貓帶下來。空格位於 trying to 之後,須填原形動詞;能表達「取回、救回」的 retrieve 符合語意。
選項分析
第 27 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
核心觀念
本題測驗**「分詞作後位修飾」與「動詞字彙語意與情境搭配(Collocation)」**。
- 文法結構:
名詞片語
a pigeon [lodged] in a chimney中,空格處使用過去分詞(p.p.)片語作後位修飾,其底層結構為省略關係代名詞與 be 動詞之形容詞子句(即a pigeon which was lodged in a chimney),修飾主要名詞pigeon(鴿子)。 - 語意搭配:
動詞
lodge具有「卡住、嵌入、固定在某處動彈不得」之意(常用結構為be lodged in...),常與狹窄空間、縫隙搭配。
解題方法
- 分析前後文句型結構: 檢視包含空格的長句:
The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to [rescue] a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall.
全句為倫敦消防局出勤處理各類奇特求救電話的列舉清單,受詞部分呈現極為工整的平行對稱結構(Parallel Structure):
a woman stuck up a tree(困在樹上的女子)a pet snake trapped in a ring(受困於戒指中的寵物蛇)a pigeon ____ in a chimney(____在煙囪裡的鴿子)a cat stuck in a gutter(卡在排水溝裡的貓)a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall(卡在馬桶與牆壁縫隙中的倉鼠)
- 鎖定語意需求:
由平行結構中反覆出現的同義字
stuck(困住)、trapped(受困)、wedged(卡在狹縫)可直接推知,空格必須填入表達**「卡住、動彈不得」**之過去分詞。
第 28 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
核心觀念
本題考字義與語境搭配。題目問的是形容詞 genuine 等四個選項中,哪個能自然修飾 emergency(緊急事件)。文中消防隊表示,即使求助內容看起來奇特,只要確實是緊急事件,仍會出勤;民眾也應審慎使用消防隊資源,讓消防隊能處理真正的緊急事件。
解題方法
先看空格所在片語:a ____ emergency。再用後文的 any genuine emergency 交叉比對,可知此處要表達「真正的緊急事件」。因此應選意為「真正的、確實的」的形容詞 genuine。
選項分析
第 29 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The London Fire Brigade urges public to use common sense after hundreds of calls from people. Deputy commissioner Tom George said they had responded to 659 ____ of people getting locked in toilets and 59 relating to dogs and cats trapped in unusual places in the last three years. Seventeen calls were about children with their heads stuck in toilet seats. The fire brigade was also called out to a woman stuck up a tree while trying to ____ a cat, a pet snake trapped in a ring, a pigeon ____ in a chimney, a cat stuck in a gutter after jumping out of a skylight and a hamster wedged between a toilet and a wall. Tom George said: “No matter how strange a call may seem, we will always attend if there is a ____ emergency but you should always think carefully about how to use our ____. By doing so, this enables us to be available for any genuine emergency.”
核心觀念
本題考字義辨析與上下文推論。解題時要先掌握句子的整體意思,再確認選項能否與前後文搭配;題組中的空格也提供了重要線索。
解題方法
題幹說倫敦消防隊過去三年接獲許多民眾求助,包括人被困在廁所、動物卡在不尋常的地方等。消防隊副局長表示,無論求助內容多奇怪,只要是真正的緊急事件,消防隊都會出勤;民眾也應審慎使用消防隊的「資源」,才能讓消防隊處理真正的緊急狀況。
選項中,能表示「資源、人力或可運用的力量」,且符合 use our ____ 搭配的,是 resources。
選項分析
第 30 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Candy and chocolate manufacturers in the UK may have to stop using cartoon characters on their products. An ____ of health groups including Action on Sugar, Action on Salt and the Children’s Food Campaign said many food companies use characters from Peppa Pig and Disney on their packaging. The health groups said 51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health. The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows. The health groups said the products were very high in fat, sugar and salt. The groups are asking the government to ____ the use of these characters to sell unhealthy products to children. They looked at the nutrition content of 526 products that were aimed at children. The products’ wrapping had colorful cartoon characters to appeal ____ children. The Peppa Pig Candy Bites, which contained 99% sugar, were among the worst products.
核心觀念
本題考「字義辨析」與「上下文判斷」。空格位於不定冠詞 An 之後,且接著列出多個健康團體,因此要選表示「聯盟、結盟」的名詞。
解題方法
句子主幹是:An ____ of health groups ... said ...,意為「一個由健康團體組成的__表示……」。從後方列出的 Action on Sugar、Action on Salt 和 the Children’s Food Campaign,可知空格描述的是多個團體組成的組織或聯盟。
選項分析
- (A) alliance:正確。 意為「聯盟、同盟」,常用於 an alliance of ...,表示由多個團體或組織結成的聯盟。
第 31 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Candy and chocolate manufacturers in the UK may have to stop using cartoon characters on their products. An ____ of health groups including Action on Sugar, Action on Salt and the Children’s Food Campaign said many food companies use characters from Peppa Pig and Disney on their packaging. The health groups said 51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health. The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows. The health groups said the products were very high in fat, sugar and salt. The groups are asking the government to ____ the use of these characters to sell unhealthy products to children. They looked at the nutrition content of 526 products that were aimed at children. The products’ wrapping had colorful cartoon characters to appeal ____ children. The Peppa Pig Candy Bites, which contained 99% sugar, were among the worst products.
核心觀念
本題考字義判斷與上下文推論。空格前文提到健康團體指出,使用卡通人物包裝的食品中,有 51% 對兒童健康造成負面影響;後文則說這些產品脂肪、糖和鹽含量很高。因此,空格應選表示「有害的、不利的」形容詞。
解題方法
句子為:
51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health.
句型是 be + 形容詞 + to,空格形容這些產品對兒童健康的影響。結合後文的高脂肪、高糖、高鹽,以及低於兒童節目電視廣告營養標準等線索,可判斷語意為「對兒童健康有害」。
detrimental to 是常見搭配,意為「對……有害」。
選項分析
第 32 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Candy and chocolate manufacturers in the UK may have to stop using cartoon characters on their products. An ____ of health groups including Action on Sugar, Action on Salt and the Children’s Food Campaign said many food companies use characters from Peppa Pig and Disney on their packaging. The health groups said 51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health. The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows. The health groups said the products were very high in fat, sugar and salt. The groups are asking the government to ____ the use of these characters to sell unhealthy products to children. They looked at the nutrition content of 526 products that were aimed at children. The products’ wrapping had colorful cartoon characters to appeal ____ children. The Peppa Pig Candy Bites, which contained 99% sugar, were among the worst products.
核心觀念
本題考英文新聞短文的字彙與句型搭配,題目缺空位於:
The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows.
句意是「這些產品未達到在兒童節目時段於電視廣告所需的健康標準」。空格需要填入能與 below the requirements 搭配、表示「未達標」的動詞。
解題方法
先看主詞與句型:主詞 The products 是複數,句子敘述研究發現的結果,使用過去式。能直接放在主詞後、表示「低於標準」的動詞片語是 fell below。
選項分析
第 33 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Candy and chocolate manufacturers in the UK may have to stop using cartoon characters on their products. An ____ of health groups including Action on Sugar, Action on Salt and the Children’s Food Campaign said many food companies use characters from Peppa Pig and Disney on their packaging. The health groups said 51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health. The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows. The health groups said the products were very high in fat, sugar and salt. The groups are asking the government to ____ the use of these characters to sell unhealthy products to children. They looked at the nutrition content of 526 products that were aimed at children. The products’ wrapping had colorful cartoon characters to appeal ____ children. The Peppa Pig Candy Bites, which contained 99% sugar, were among the worst products.
核心觀念
本題考單字在語境中的意思與搭配。空格前有 to,後接 the use of these characters,因此要找出能表示「禁止使用」的動詞。
解題方法
句意指出,健康團體認為部分兒童食品含有過高的脂肪、糖與鹽,並要求政府採取措施,避免業者用卡通角色推銷不健康產品給兒童。因此,政府應「禁止」這種行銷方式。
句型為 ask + 人 + to + 原形動詞: are asking the government to ban the use... 意為「要求政府禁止使用……」。
選項分析
- (A) obey:服從、遵守。通常由人服從規則或命令;obey the use 不合語意與搭配。
- (B) ban:禁止。
第 34 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Candy and chocolate manufacturers in the UK may have to stop using cartoon characters on their products. An ____ of health groups including Action on Sugar, Action on Salt and the Children’s Food Campaign said many food companies use characters from Peppa Pig and Disney on their packaging. The health groups said 51% of the food and drink products using cartoon characters were ____ to children’s health. The products ____ below the health requirements needed to advertise on TV during children’s shows. The health groups said the products were very high in fat, sugar and salt. The groups are asking the government to ____ the use of these characters to sell unhealthy products to children. They looked at the nutrition content of 526 products that were aimed at children. The products’ wrapping had colorful cartoon characters to appeal ____ children. The Peppa Pig Candy Bites, which contained 99% sugar, were among the worst products.
核心觀念
本題考英文慣用搭配,空格位於片語 appeal ____ children。動詞片語 appeal to + 人 表示「吸引某人、引起某人的興趣」,因此此處應填介系詞 to。
解題方法
先看空格前後的詞性與搭配:主詞是 The products’ wrapping,動詞片語是 appeal to children,意思是「產品包裝用色彩鮮豔的卡通人物吸引兒童」。此處的 to 是介系詞,後接受吸引的對象 children。
選項分析
第 35 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Do you bike today? Do YouBike rides kindle your passion to zip past one bicycle lane after another? Launched in 2009, YouBike’s rental system offers cyclists an easy way to rent and return bikes. Cyclists only need an EasyCard to rent a YouBike. What’s more, by using this system, bikes can be rented at one location and dropped off at another on a 24/7 basis. In Taipei City alone, there are as many as four hundred YouBike stations. This carbon-free vehicle rental system also extends to many other major cities. No wonder YouBike is acknowledged to have become part of the city landscape in Taiwan.
Another important contributing factor in the growing popularity of this rental system has to do with its excellent cost-performance ratio. Each thirty minutes costs only ten NT dollars within the initial four hours. YouBike also serves as a best alternative to cars and buses during rush hours, when the traffic jam can leave you cranky. Perhaps one of its greatest contributions lies in the reduction of carbon emissions. In 2013, statistics showed that YouBike’s rental service contributed to a trip distance of about 11 million kilometers. On this basis, the overall carbon emission reduction in Taipei City was equivalent to 6.89 million metric tons of carbon emissions from motorcycles and 27 million metric tons from automobiles.
The success of YouBike also has a lot to do with its creative concepts. It boasts a database management system that can analyze the utilization rate of bikes speedily, resulting in efficient allocation of bikes among rental stations and ensuring that cyclists can rent a bike within ten minutes. With the goals of green economy and sustainable development in mind, it is time to go even greener. Let’s all go YouBiking today!
What is the purpose of this passage?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀測驗中的「文章主旨」:須掌握全文反覆說明的核心,再辨別各選項是涵蓋全文,還是只擷取其中一項資訊。
解題方法
全文依序介紹 YouBike 的便利性、平實的租借費用、對交通與減碳的助益,以及智慧化的調度系統。結尾呼籲大家使用 YouBike,並以綠色經濟與永續發展為目標。這些內容共同說明 YouBike 為何受歡迎,故主旨是解釋其日益普及的原因。
選項分析
-
(A) To explain why YouBikes are getting more and more popular in Taiwan. 正確。此選項概括全文:文章從租借便利、價格實惠、減少碳排與管理效率等面向,說明 YouBike 受歡迎的原因。
-
(B) To show that automobiles result in more carbon emission than YouBikes. 錯誤。
第 36 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Do you bike today? Do YouBike rides kindle your passion to zip past one bicycle lane after another? Launched in 2009, YouBike’s rental system offers cyclists an easy way to rent and return bikes. Cyclists only need an EasyCard to rent a YouBike. What’s more, by using this system, bikes can be rented at one location and dropped off at another on a 24/7 basis. In Taipei City alone, there are as many as four hundred YouBike stations. This carbon-free vehicle rental system also extends to many other major cities. No wonder YouBike is acknowledged to have become part of the city landscape in Taiwan.
Another important contributing factor in the growing popularity of this rental system has to do with its excellent cost-performance ratio. Each thirty minutes costs only ten NT dollars within the initial four hours. YouBike also serves as a best alternative to cars and buses during rush hours, when the traffic jam can leave you cranky. Perhaps one of its greatest contributions lies in the reduction of carbon emissions. In 2013, statistics showed that YouBike’s rental service contributed to a trip distance of about 11 million kilometers. On this basis, the overall carbon emission reduction in Taipei City was equivalent to 6.89 million metric tons of carbon emissions from motorcycles and 27 million metric tons from automobiles.
The success of YouBike also has a lot to do with its creative concepts. It boasts a database management system that can analyze the utilization rate of bikes speedily, resulting in efficient allocation of bikes among rental stations and ensuring that cyclists can rent a bike within ten minutes. With the goals of green economy and sustainable development in mind, it is time to go even greener. Let’s all go YouBiking today!
According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解與細節辨識。作答時須依文章內容判斷選項,並留意費用、地點、因果關係與數據的主詞,避免把文章沒提到的資訊當成事實。
解題方法
第三段指出,YouBike 的資料庫管理系統能快速分析自行車使用率,協助各租借站有效調度車輛,並確保騎乘者能在十分鐘內租到車。這與選項(C)的敘述相符。
選項分析
**(A) 錯誤。**文章說明,前四小時內每三十分鐘收費新臺幣十元;沒有說尖峰時段每小時收費五十元。尖峰時段只是用來說明 YouBike 可作為汽車與公車的替代方式。
第 37 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Do you bike today? Do YouBike rides kindle your passion to zip past one bicycle lane after another? Launched in 2009, YouBike’s rental system offers cyclists an easy way to rent and return bikes. Cyclists only need an EasyCard to rent a YouBike. What’s more, by using this system, bikes can be rented at one location and dropped off at another on a 24/7 basis. In Taipei City alone, there are as many as four hundred YouBike stations. This carbon-free vehicle rental system also extends to many other major cities. No wonder YouBike is acknowledged to have become part of the city landscape in Taiwan.
Another important contributing factor in the growing popularity of this rental system has to do with its excellent cost-performance ratio. Each thirty minutes costs only ten NT dollars within the initial four hours. YouBike also serves as a best alternative to cars and buses during rush hours, when the traffic jam can leave you cranky. Perhaps one of its greatest contributions lies in the reduction of carbon emissions. In 2013, statistics showed that YouBike’s rental service contributed to a trip distance of about 11 million kilometers. On this basis, the overall carbon emission reduction in Taipei City was equivalent to 6.89 million metric tons of carbon emissions from motorcycles and 27 million metric tons from automobiles.
The success of YouBike also has a lot to do with its creative concepts. It boasts a database management system that can analyze the utilization rate of bikes speedily, resulting in efficient allocation of bikes among rental stations and ensuring that cyclists can rent a bike within ten minutes. With the goals of green economy and sustainable development in mind, it is time to go even greener. Let’s all go YouBiking today!
Which of the following is closest in meaning to “acknowledged” in the first paragraph?
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字的上下文語意判斷。acknowledged 在此表示「被認可、被公認」,需依前後文選出意思最接近的選項。
解題方法
句子指出:「YouBike 被 acknowledged 已成為台灣城市景觀的一部分。」語意是 YouBike 已普遍融入城市生活,並獲得大家的認可。因此,acknowledged 最接近「recognized(認可、承認)」。
選項分析
第 38 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Do you bike today? Do YouBike rides kindle your passion to zip past one bicycle lane after another? Launched in 2009, YouBike’s rental system offers cyclists an easy way to rent and return bikes. Cyclists only need an EasyCard to rent a YouBike. What’s more, by using this system, bikes can be rented at one location and dropped off at another on a 24/7 basis. In Taipei City alone, there are as many as four hundred YouBike stations. This carbon-free vehicle rental system also extends to many other major cities. No wonder YouBike is acknowledged to have become part of the city landscape in Taiwan.
Another important contributing factor in the growing popularity of this rental system has to do with its excellent cost-performance ratio. Each thirty minutes costs only ten NT dollars within the initial four hours. YouBike also serves as a best alternative to cars and buses during rush hours, when the traffic jam can leave you cranky. Perhaps one of its greatest contributions lies in the reduction of carbon emissions. In 2013, statistics showed that YouBike’s rental service contributed to a trip distance of about 11 million kilometers. On this basis, the overall carbon emission reduction in Taipei City was equivalent to 6.89 million metric tons of carbon emissions from motorcycles and 27 million metric tons from automobiles.
The success of YouBike also has a lot to do with its creative concepts. It boasts a database management system that can analyze the utilization rate of bikes speedily, resulting in efficient allocation of bikes among rental stations and ensuring that cyclists can rent a bike within ten minutes. With the goals of green economy and sustainable development in mind, it is time to go even greener. Let’s all go YouBiking today!
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,須從文章找出與選項意思相同或矛盾的敘述。題目問 NOT true,因此要選出與原文不符的選項。
解題方法
先定位各選項對應的段落,再比對數字、時間與比較關係。尤其留意碳排放量的比較:原文分別列出機車與汽車的數據,兩者的先後順序不能看反。
選項分析
(A) Cars emitted six times more carbon than motorcycles in 2013.(錯誤,為本題答案) 原文指出,YouBike 的租借服務使台北市碳排放減量,相當於機車排放的 6.89 million metric tons,以及汽車排放的 27 million metric tons。題目將兩者相比,,約為四倍,並非六倍,因此此敘述不符合文章。
(B) Cyclists are allowed to rent or return YouBikes anytime day and night.(正確)
第 39 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
Do you bike today? Do YouBike rides kindle your passion to zip past one bicycle lane after another? Launched in 2009, YouBike’s rental system offers cyclists an easy way to rent and return bikes. Cyclists only need an EasyCard to rent a YouBike. What’s more, by using this system, bikes can be rented at one location and dropped off at another on a 24/7 basis. In Taipei City alone, there are as many as four hundred YouBike stations. This carbon-free vehicle rental system also extends to many other major cities. No wonder YouBike is acknowledged to have become part of the city landscape in Taiwan.
Another important contributing factor in the growing popularity of this rental system has to do with its excellent cost-performance ratio. Each thirty minutes costs only ten NT dollars within the initial four hours. YouBike also serves as a best alternative to cars and buses during rush hours, when the traffic jam can leave you cranky. Perhaps one of its greatest contributions lies in the reduction of carbon emissions. In 2013, statistics showed that YouBike’s rental service contributed to a trip distance of about 11 million kilometers. On this basis, the overall carbon emission reduction in Taipei City was equivalent to 6.89 million metric tons of carbon emissions from motorcycles and 27 million metric tons from automobiles.
The success of YouBike also has a lot to do with its creative concepts. It boasts a database management system that can analyze the utilization rate of bikes speedily, resulting in efficient allocation of bikes among rental stations and ensuring that cyclists can rent a bike within ten minutes. With the goals of green economy and sustainable development in mind, it is time to go even greener. Let’s all go YouBiking today!
Which of the following words best describes the overall tone of this passage?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的「文章整體語氣」(overall tone)。判斷時要綜合作者對主題的描述、選用的詞語,以及文章最後傳達的態度,而非只看文章是否列出數據。
解題方法
本文介紹 YouBike 的租借方式、費用、便利性、減碳效益與管理系統,並以「part of the city landscape in Taiwan」(成為台灣城市景觀的一部分)及「Let’s all go YouBiking today!」(大家今天一起騎 YouBike)等正面表述收尾。整體是在提供資訊並介紹系統特色,語氣客觀而正向,沒有嘲諷、苦澀或冷漠的意味。
選項分析
第 40 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The most famous mystery about Loch Ness surrounds the phenomenon of an enormous creature, known as the Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie. The first recorded sighting of the monster was in A.D. 565, when it was said to have eaten a local farmer. Over the years, rumors spread far and wide.
In 1933, construction began on the A82—the road that runs along the north shore of the Loch. The work involved considerable drilling and blasting and people believed that the disruption forced the monster into the open. Around this time, there were numerous sightings and, in 1934, London surgeon R. K. Wilson took a photograph that appeared to show a slender head and neck rising above the water. Nessie hit the headlines and has remained the topic of fierce debate ever since.
In the 1960s, the Loch Ness Investigation Bureau conducted a ten-year survey. By the end of the decade, mini-submarines were used for the first time to explore the Loch. New public interest was generated in the mid-1970s when underwater photographs of what appeared to be a “flipper” were made public.
To this day, there is still no conclusive proof. Whatever the truth, it’s always worth a trip to Loch Ness to see for yourself.
What is this passage mainly about?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀的「主旨判斷」。主旨是整篇文章共同說明的核心內容,不是其中某一段的細節。解題時要掌握文章反覆提及的主題,並確認哪個選項涵蓋全文。
解題方法
文章以尼斯湖水怪(Loch Ness Monster,或稱 Nessie)為核心,依序介紹牠的早期傳聞、1930 年代的目擊與照片、後來的水下調查,以及至今仍沒有確切證據的狀況。末段指出尼斯湖水怪真相未明,並提到可以親自前往尼斯湖看看。
因此,全文是在介紹尼斯湖水怪傳說及相關目擊、調查與爭議,主旨應選涵蓋範圍最廣的選項。
選項分析
- (A) The legendary Loch Ness Monster. 正確。文章各段都圍繞尼斯湖水怪的傳聞、目擊照片、調查與真相未明,符合全文主旨。
第 41 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The most famous mystery about Loch Ness surrounds the phenomenon of an enormous creature, known as the Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie. The first recorded sighting of the monster was in A.D. 565, when it was said to have eaten a local farmer. Over the years, rumors spread far and wide.
In 1933, construction began on the A82—the road that runs along the north shore of the Loch. The work involved considerable drilling and blasting and people believed that the disruption forced the monster into the open. Around this time, there were numerous sightings and, in 1934, London surgeon R. K. Wilson took a photograph that appeared to show a slender head and neck rising above the water. Nessie hit the headlines and has remained the topic of fierce debate ever since.
In the 1960s, the Loch Ness Investigation Bureau conducted a ten-year survey. By the end of the decade, mini-submarines were used for the first time to explore the Loch. New public interest was generated in the mid-1970s when underwater photographs of what appeared to be a “flipper” were made public.
To this day, there is still no conclusive proof. Whatever the truth, it’s always worth a trip to Loch Ness to see for yourself.
According to the passage, what might have disturbed the Loch Ness Monster?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀測驗中的細節理解:找出文章明確提到、可能干擾尼斯湖水怪的原因。第二段指出,1933 年 A82 公路施工時進行大量鑽探與爆破,人們相信施工造成的干擾迫使水怪現身。
解題方法
先定位題目中的關鍵字 disturbed(干擾),再回到文章第二段尋找原因。文中提到施工伴隨 considerable drilling and blasting(大量鑽探與爆破),並說這些施工干擾可能迫使水怪現身,因此施工噪音是最符合文章內容的選項。
選項分析
- (A) The noise from the construction work. 正確。公路施工包含鑽探與爆破,這些工程噪音與震動造成干擾,符合題意。
第 42 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
The most famous mystery about Loch Ness surrounds the phenomenon of an enormous creature, known as the Loch Ness Monster, or Nessie. The first recorded sighting of the monster was in A.D. 565, when it was said to have eaten a local farmer. Over the years, rumors spread far and wide.
In 1933, construction began on the A82—the road that runs along the north shore of the Loch. The work involved considerable drilling and blasting and people believed that the disruption forced the monster into the open. Around this time, there were numerous sightings and, in 1934, London surgeon R. K. Wilson took a photograph that appeared to show a slender head and neck rising above the water. Nessie hit the headlines and has remained the topic of fierce debate ever since.
In the 1960s, the Loch Ness Investigation Bureau conducted a ten-year survey. By the end of the decade, mini-submarines were used for the first time to explore the Loch. New public interest was generated in the mid-1970s when underwater photographs of what appeared to be a “flipper” were made public.
To this day, there is still no conclusive proof. Whatever the truth, it’s always worth a trip to Loch Ness to see for yourself.
When did the story of the Loch Ness Monster first receive a lot of public attention?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解,重點是依照文章中的時間線,辨認「故事首次受到大量公眾關注」的時期。要區分最早的傳聞或目擊紀錄,與事件引發媒體及大眾關注的時間。
解題方法
文章先提到西元 565 年已有尼斯湖水怪的目擊傳說,但當時只是早期紀錄。真正引起廣泛注意是在 1930 年代:1933 年道路工程後,目擊事件增多;1934 年外科醫師 R. K. Wilson 拍下看似水怪頭頸的照片,接著文章指出:「Nessie hit the headlines」,意即尼斯湖水怪登上新聞版面、受到公眾矚目。
因此,題目問的是故事何時「first receive a lot of public attention」,答案是 1930 年代。
選項分析
第 43 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
On average Americans chew about 300 sticks of gum per person a year. Why is chewing gum so popular? Some people say that it not only helps you relax but also helps you stay awake. Others chew gum after a meal to have fresh breath. It can help fight tooth decay as well. But few people know that there is an even better reason for chewing gum—it can improve memory!
In an experiment, the scientists divided 75 people into three groups. One third chewed real gum, one third chewed imaginary gum, and the last third didn’t chew anything. Then, each group was given a lot of different memory tests. The results were very interesting. The people with real gum did better than those with imaginary gum, and the latter did better than those who didn’t have any gum at all.
How does chewing gum help memory? One possible reason is that when people chew, there is more activity in an area of the brain that is important for memory. Another possible reason is that when people chew, their heart beats faster, so more oxygen goes to the brain. So, do you have an exam coming up? Start chewing now!
What is the best title for this passage?
核心觀念
本題考閱讀理解中的「主旨與標題判斷」。標題應涵蓋全文主要內容,而不是只抓開頭的背景資訊,或其中一個次要細節。
解題方法
文章先提到嚼口香糖的普遍性與常見好處,接著介紹一項實驗:嚼真正口香糖的人,記憶測驗表現優於嚼想像口香糖的人;後者又優於完全沒嚼的人。最後說明嚼口香糖可能透過增加大腦活動或供氧來幫助記憶。
因此,全文重點是「嚼口香糖有助於提升記憶」,實驗與可能原因都是用來支持這個主旨。
選項分析
- (A) New Experiments on Chewing Gum.「嚼口香糖的新實驗」:文章雖介紹一項實驗,但實驗是用來說明嚼口香糖與記憶的關係,並非以實驗本身為主題。
第 44 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
On average Americans chew about 300 sticks of gum per person a year. Why is chewing gum so popular? Some people say that it not only helps you relax but also helps you stay awake. Others chew gum after a meal to have fresh breath. It can help fight tooth decay as well. But few people know that there is an even better reason for chewing gum—it can improve memory!
In an experiment, the scientists divided 75 people into three groups. One third chewed real gum, one third chewed imaginary gum, and the last third didn’t chew anything. Then, each group was given a lot of different memory tests. The results were very interesting. The people with real gum did better than those with imaginary gum, and the latter did better than those who didn’t have any gum at all.
How does chewing gum help memory? One possible reason is that when people chew, there is more activity in an area of the brain that is important for memory. Another possible reason is that when people chew, their heart beats faster, so more oxygen goes to the brain. So, do you have an exam coming up? Start chewing now!
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a possible reason why people chew gum?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解中的「細節辨識」:依文章內容判斷哪些是文中提到的嚼口香糖理由,並找出未提及的一項。
解題方法
第一段列出口香糖受歡迎的幾個原因:幫助放鬆、保持清醒、飯後清新口氣,以及預防蛀牙。逐一對照選項,找出文章沒有提到的目的即可。
選項分析
- (A) To stay awake.(保持清醒):文章提到嚼口香糖可以幫助保持清醒,故有提及。
第 45 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
On average Americans chew about 300 sticks of gum per person a year. Why is chewing gum so popular? Some people say that it not only helps you relax but also helps you stay awake. Others chew gum after a meal to have fresh breath. It can help fight tooth decay as well. But few people know that there is an even better reason for chewing gum—it can improve memory!
In an experiment, the scientists divided 75 people into three groups. One third chewed real gum, one third chewed imaginary gum, and the last third didn’t chew anything. Then, each group was given a lot of different memory tests. The results were very interesting. The people with real gum did better than those with imaginary gum, and the latter did better than those who didn’t have any gum at all.
How does chewing gum help memory? One possible reason is that when people chew, there is more activity in an area of the brain that is important for memory. Another possible reason is that when people chew, their heart beats faster, so more oxygen goes to the brain. So, do you have an exam coming up? Start chewing now!
What does “the latter” refer to in the passage?
核心觀念
本題考英文指示詞的上下文指涉。the latter 指前面提到的兩者之中「後者」;相對地,the former 指「前者」。
解題方法
先定位句子中的比較對象:The people with real gum did better than those with imaginary gum, and the latter did better than those who didn’t have any gum at all.
句中先比較「嚼真的口香糖的人」與「嚼想像中口香糖的人」;the latter 承接後面提到的那一組,也就是嚼想像中口香糖的人。後半句又指出這組人的表現優於完全沒嚼口香糖的人,與文章描述的三組順序一致。
選項分析
第 46 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
On average Americans chew about 300 sticks of gum per person a year. Why is chewing gum so popular? Some people say that it not only helps you relax but also helps you stay awake. Others chew gum after a meal to have fresh breath. It can help fight tooth decay as well. But few people know that there is an even better reason for chewing gum—it can improve memory!
In an experiment, the scientists divided 75 people into three groups. One third chewed real gum, one third chewed imaginary gum, and the last third didn’t chew anything. Then, each group was given a lot of different memory tests. The results were very interesting. The people with real gum did better than those with imaginary gum, and the latter did better than those who didn’t have any gum at all.
How does chewing gum help memory? One possible reason is that when people chew, there is more activity in an area of the brain that is important for memory. Another possible reason is that when people chew, their heart beats faster, so more oxygen goes to the brain. So, do you have an exam coming up? Start chewing now!
According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about the experiment?
核心觀念
本題考查短文理解,重點是掌握實驗的分組人數與各組記憶測驗的表現。文中指出實驗共有 75 人,分成三組,每組各占三分之一:
- 咀嚼真正口香糖
- 咀嚼想像中的口香糖
- 完全不咀嚼
測驗結果依表現由好到差排列為:真正口香糖組、想像口香糖組、未咀嚼組。
解題方法
先從題目問的「實驗中哪個敘述正確」著手,回到第二段找分組方式與測驗結果。75 人平均分成三組,因此每組為 人;再將各選項與原文資訊逐一比對。
選項分析
第 47 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
When you have a newborn baby it can be difficult to make quality time with your toddler. This is because the first few weeks after birth are quite ____, adjusting to the new baby and feeding amongst many other things. There are things you can do with your toddler to ensure that he or she doesn’t feel ____. For example, when your newborn baby is asleep, you could spend time with your toddler and make the effort to interact and tell them how much you love them. Giving your toddler a cuddle or reading your toddler a bedtime story, you can help them feel happier and deeply loved.
Many toddlers strongly desire their parents’ attention and sometimes ____ can begin when they see that one child is getting more attention than they are. You must make sure that you give your children equal attention. If you compliment one child, then you should make sure you give praise to his/her siblings, or sibling ____ can develop. It is important to look into the needs of both children and let each of them know how much they are loved.
核心觀念
本題考字義與上下文判讀。空格所在句子描述「新生兒出生後的前幾週」,父母需要適應新生兒,還要餵奶及處理許多事情;因此空格應填表示「忙碌、忙亂」的形容詞。
解題方法
句意為:「出生後的前幾週相當忙亂,因為要適應新生兒、餵奶,還有許多其他事情。」選項中,只有 hectic 能自然表達忙碌忙亂的狀態。
選項分析
- (A) ironic:諷刺的、出乎意料而形成反差的,不能形容此處繁忙的生活。
第 48 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
When you have a newborn baby it can be difficult to make quality time with your toddler. This is because the first few weeks after birth are quite ____, adjusting to the new baby and feeding amongst many other things. There are things you can do with your toddler to ensure that he or she doesn’t feel ____. For example, when your newborn baby is asleep, you could spend time with your toddler and make the effort to interact and tell them how much you love them. Giving your toddler a cuddle or reading your toddler a bedtime story, you can help them feel happier and deeply loved.
Many toddlers strongly desire their parents’ attention and sometimes ____ can begin when they see that one child is getting more attention than they are. You must make sure that you give your children equal attention. If you compliment one child, then you should make sure you give praise to his/her siblings, or sibling ____ can develop. It is important to look into the needs of both children and let each of them know how much they are loved.
核心觀念
本題考查英文慣用語及上下文判讀。第一個空格前文提到新生兒出生後的頭幾週,要適應新生兒、餵奶及處理許多事情,因此需要選出表示「忙碌、難以應付」的形容詞。
解題方法
觀察空格前的主詞是 the first few weeks,後面接 adjusting to the new baby and feeding amongst many other things,描寫家中迎接新生兒後的生活狀況。能符合語意的是 hectic,意為「忙亂的、忙碌的」。因此句意為:新生兒出生後的頭幾週相當忙亂。
選項分析
第 49 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
When you have a newborn baby it can be difficult to make quality time with your toddler. This is because the first few weeks after birth are quite ____, adjusting to the new baby and feeding amongst many other things. There are things you can do with your toddler to ensure that he or she doesn’t feel ____. For example, when your newborn baby is asleep, you could spend time with your toddler and make the effort to interact and tell them how much you love them. Giving your toddler a cuddle or reading your toddler a bedtime story, you can help them feel happier and deeply loved.
Many toddlers strongly desire their parents’ attention and sometimes ____ can begin when they see that one child is getting more attention than they are. You must make sure that you give your children equal attention. If you compliment one child, then you should make sure you give praise to his/her siblings, or sibling ____ can develop. It is important to look into the needs of both children and let each of them know how much they are loved.
核心觀念
本題考「上下文判斷」與情緒相關字彙。第二段提到孩子看到另一個孩子得到較多關注時,可能產生某種情緒;後文又說,若父母稱讚一個孩子而沒有同樣稱讚手足,就可能出現手足之間的這種情緒。因此,答案應是表示「嫉妒」的字。
解題方法
先抓住關鍵線索:one child is getting more attention than they are(一個孩子得到的關注比自己多)。接著用下一句的 sibling ____ can develop(手足之間可能產生……)確認所需詞義。兩處都在描述孩子因關注或稱讚不平均而產生的嫉妒心理,因此填入 jealousy。
選項分析
第 50 題2 分
【題組共用題幹】
When you have a newborn baby it can be difficult to make quality time with your toddler. This is because the first few weeks after birth are quite ____, adjusting to the new baby and feeding amongst many other things. There are things you can do with your toddler to ensure that he or she doesn’t feel ____. For example, when your newborn baby is asleep, you could spend time with your toddler and make the effort to interact and tell them how much you love them. Giving your toddler a cuddle or reading your toddler a bedtime story, you can help them feel happier and deeply loved.
Many toddlers strongly desire their parents’ attention and sometimes ____ can begin when they see that one child is getting more attention than they are. You must make sure that you give your children equal attention. If you compliment one child, then you should make sure you give praise to his/her siblings, or sibling ____ can develop. It is important to look into the needs of both children and let each of them know how much they are loved.
核心觀念
本題考查字彙 rivalry 的語意,以及依上下文判斷英文名詞的能力。空格所在句談到手足因父母關注不平均而產生的關係或競爭;其中 sibling rivalry 是常見搭配,意為「手足競爭、手足之間的爭寵」。
解題方法
先讀空格前後文:若父母讓一個孩子得到較多關注,另一個孩子可能因而與手足產生競爭或嫉妒。下一句又提到應給孩子平等的關注,否則可能發展出手足之間的衝突。這些線索都指向 rivalry。