113 移民特考三等 移民行政(選試泰文) 外國文(泰文兼試移民專業英文) 考古題詳解

113 年・移民特考・三等・移民行政(選試泰文)
試題代碼 外國文(泰文兼試移民專業英文)

第 一 題20 分

泰翻中:

หัวหน้านักท่องเที่ยวไทยขนยาเสพติด ยึดเฮโรอีน ๑๗ ห่อ มูลค่ากว่า ๑๐๐ ล้านบาท

เจ้าหน้าที่ศุลกากรใช้มีดคัตเตอร์กรีดผ่านกระเป๋าเดินทางนักท่องเที่ยวชายชาวรายหนึ่ง พบสิ่งของบรรจุอยู่ในกระดาษฟอยล์หลายชั้น จากการตรวจสอบพบว่าทั้งหมดเป็นเฮโรอีน ล่าสุดสำนักงานตำรวจประจำท่าอากาศยานและศุลกากรไทยได้ควบคุมตัวผู้ต้องหาไว้ที่สนามบินเถาหยวน โดยแก๊งค้ายาเสพติดกลุ่มนี้ มักจะใช้ให้ชาวต่างชาติที่เดินทางจากไทยมาได้หวันซุกซ่อนยาไว้ในกระเป๋าเดินทางแล้วโหลดเข้าเครื่อง ซึ่งในครั้งนี้สามารถยึดเฮโรอีนไว้ได้จำนวน ๑๓.๕๘๙ กิโลกรัม มีมูลค่าเบื้องต้นกว่า ๑๐๐ ล้านบาท

ผู้ต้องหาที่พยายามนำยาเสพติดเข้ามาไต้หวันรายนี้เป็นชายชาวไทย เคยเข้ามาทำงานเป็นแรงงานต่างชาติเมื่อปีที่แล้ว เมื่อกลับไทยก็ได้ตกเป็นเป้าหมายของกลุ่มผู้ค้ายาเสพติดที่แสวงหาประโยชน์จากประสบการณ์แรงงานที่เคยเดินทางมาทำงานในไต้หวัน ทำการขนยาเสพติด โดยอาศัยการเข้าร่วมทริปท่องเที่ยวกับกรุ๊ปทัวร์เป็นเวลา ๕ วัน ๓ คืน ด้วยค่าจ้าง ๑๐๐,๐๐๐ บาท

เกี่ยวกับกรณีการปลอมตัวเป็นนักท่องเที่ยวเพื่อขนยาเสพติดนี้ สำนักงานอัยการเขตได้มีการสอบสวนและสั่งฟ้องในข้อหาฝ่าฝืนพระราชบัญญัติป้องกันและปราบปรามยาเสพติด ซึ่งในปีนี้ที่สนามบินเถาหยวนพบคดีซุกซ่อนยาเสพติดไว้ในกระเป๋าเดินทางรวมแล้ว ๑๕ ราย ส่วนใหญ่เดินทางมาจากประเทศไทย เวียดนาม กัมพูชา มาเลเซีย เป็นต้น

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是泰文新聞的泰翻中,重點在於掌握新聞標題與內文的資訊層次、泰文常見新聞用語,以及數字、金額與人名地名的準確翻譯。全文報導一名泰國男子以觀光客身分來臺運毒,海關查獲海洛因,並說明其犯罪經過及相關案件情形。

解題方法

翻譯時先抓出人物、行為、查獲物、數量與案件背景,再依中文新聞語序重組。泰文新聞標題常省略部分語法成分,翻譯時補足語意即可;例如「หัวหน้านักท่องเที่ยวไทยขนยาเสพติด」應依內文理解為「泰國觀光團團員運毒」,不能逕將「หัวหน้า」解作「領隊」,因後文只說該男子參加旅行團,沒有交代他是團體負責人。

數字應保留原文所載資訊:查獲海洛因 1717 包、總重 13.58913.589 公斤,初估市值逾新臺幣一億元;男子參加五天三夜行程,報酬為十萬泰銖。原文地名「ได้หวัน」是「ไต้หวัน」(臺灣)的拼寫錯誤,依上下文譯為「臺灣」。

參考譯文

泰國觀光團團員運毒,查獲海洛因十七包,市值逾一億泰銖

海關人員以美工刀劃開一名男性旅客的行李箱,發現裡面有物品以多層鋁箔紙包裹。經檢查確認,全部都是海洛因。近日,臺灣桃園機場警察及海關人員在桃園機場逮捕嫌犯。這個販毒集團經常指使從泰國來臺的外國人,將毒品藏在行李箱內,再以託運方式運入臺灣。此次查獲海洛因共十三點五八九公斤,初步估計市值超過一億泰銖。

這名企圖將毒品帶入臺灣的嫌犯是泰國籍男子,去年曾來臺擔任移工。返回泰國後,他成為販毒集團覬覦的對象。該集團利用他曾來臺工作的經驗,安排他運送毒品。他以參加旅行團的方式,參與五天三夜的行程,報酬為十萬泰銖。

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第 二 題25 分

中翻泰:

臺北市政府警察局萬華分局日前接獲民眾報案,表示在鄰近西門町附近的一處商辦大樓地下室,到了深夜出入複雜、吵吵鬧鬧,員警進一步調查發現,該處為領有營業登記證的合法酒店,但裡頭疑似不只喝酒這麼單純。據了解,業者利用觀光簽證名義找來多名年輕的外國籍女子,因為敢喝敢玩吸引男顧客上門,喝嗨了疑似還會「當場脫衣」!警方密切蒐證長達 4 個多月時間,於 12 月 26 日的深夜一舉上門逮人。

現場 33 名外國籍女子皆持觀光簽證來臺,其中 1 人更是逾期居留,警方和內政部移民署人員調查後將依法遣返,另酒店業者和員工部分,則是將依違反妨害風化和社會秩序維護法等罪嫌送辦。

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查新聞報導語體的中翻泰,重點是把事件經過、警方調查與處置結果,依時間順序清楚呈現。翻譯時須區分「警方已查明的事實」與「疑似情形」:原文使用「疑似」「據了解」之處,泰文也要保留不確定語氣,不能改寫成確定違法或犯罪。

本題含有警察機關、觀光簽證、逾期居留、遣返及違反法規等用語。翻譯以命題當年(民國 113 年)法規語境為準;本題為語文翻譯題,無須另行判斷各項法律責任是否成立。

解題方法

先按照原文分成兩段:第一段交代警方接獲報案、調查場所、業者招攬外籍女子及警方搜索逮人;第二段交代現場女子的簽證與居留情形,以及警方後續處理。再依泰文新聞語體安排主語與動詞,並以「สงสัยว่า」(疑似)等語保留原文的推測語氣。

參考譯文

เมื่อไม่กี่วันที่ผ่านมา สถานีตำรวจว่านหัว สังกัดสำนักงานตำรวจนครบาลไทเป ได้รับแจ้งจากประชาชนว่า ในชั้นใต้ดินของอาคารสำนักงานและพาณิชย์แห่งหนึ่งบริเวณใกล้ซีเหมินติง มีผู้คนเข้าออกกันอย่างพลุกพล่านและส่งเสียงดังในช่วงดึก เจ้าหน้าที่ตำรวจจึงสอบสวนเพิ่มเติมและพบว่า สถานที่ดังกล่าวเป็นสถานบันเทิงที่มีใบอนุญาตประกอบกิจการถูกต้องตามกฎหมาย แต่ภายในสถานที่อาจมีเรื่องอื่นนอกเหนือจากการดื่มสุราเพียงอย่างเดียว

จากข้อมูลที่ทราบ ผู้ประกอบการอาศัยสถานะการเดินทางเข้าประเทศด้วยวีซ่าท่องเที่ยว ชักชวนหญิงสาวชาวต่างชาติหลายคนมาทำงาน โดยพวกเธอดื่มเก่งและเที่ยวเก่ง จึงดึงดูดลูกค้าผู้ชายให้มาใช้บริการ และเมื่อดื่มจนได้ที่แล้ว สงสัยว่าอาจถึงขั้น “ถอดเสื้อผ้าต่อหน้าผู้อื่นทันที” ด้วย ตำรวจรวบรวมพยานหลักฐานอย่างใกล้ชิดต่อเนื่องนานกว่า 4 เดือน ก่อนบุกเข้าตรวจค้นและจับกุมผู้เกี่ยวข้องในช่วงดึกของวันที่ 26 ธันวาคม

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第 三 題30 分

寫作:

เขียนเรียงความอย่างน้อย ๓๐๐ คำ ในหัวข้อเรื่อง “คุณมีความคิดเห็นอย่างไรเกี่ยวกับปัญหายาเสพติดข้ามชาติ และมีวิธีใดที่คุณคิดว่าจะสามารถช่วยแก้ปัญหานี้ได้”

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

題目要求以泰文寫一篇至少 300 字的作文,主題是「你如何看待跨國毒品問題,以及你認為有哪些方法可以協助解決」。評分重點包括是否切題、內容是否有條理、提出的措施是否具體,以及泰文詞彙、文法與拼字是否正確。這是寫作題,沒有選項;作答不須援引特定法條。

解題方法

建議採「提出立場—說明危害—分析成因—提出對策—總結呼籲」的結構。先表明跨國毒品問題嚴重且需要各國合作,再說明其對個人、家庭與社會的影響,接著從跨境犯罪網絡、需求與走私利益等面向說明問題,最後提出國際合作、執法、預防教育與戒治等作法。以下範文超過 300 個泰文字詞,段落安排可供仿寫。

泰文範文

บทนำ

ปัญหายาเสพติดข้ามชาติเป็นปัญหาสำคัญที่หลายประเทศทั่วโลกกำลังเผชิญอยู่ในปัจจุบัน เพราะยาเสพติดสามารถผลิต ลำเลียง และจำหน่ายผ่านพรมแดนของประเทศต่าง ๆ ได้อย่างรวดเร็ว เครือข่ายผู้ค้ายามักใช้เส้นทางหลายรูปแบบเพื่อหลบเลี่ยงการตรวจสอบ ดังนั้น ปัญหานี้จึงไม่ใช่เรื่องภายในของประเทศใดประเทศหนึ่ง แต่เป็นปัญหาที่ทุกประเทศต้องร่วมมือกันแก้ไข

ความคิดเห็นและผลกระทบ

ในความคิดเห็นของข้าพเจ้า ยาเสพติดเป็นภัยร้ายแรงต่อทั้งบุคคล ครอบครัว และสังคม ผู้ที่ติดยาอาจสูญเสียสุขภาพ ความสามารถในการเรียนหรือทำงาน และโอกาสในการดำเนินชีวิตอย่างปกติ นอกจากนี้ ปัญหายาเสพติดยังอาจนำไปสู่ความรุนแรง การลักทรัพย์ และอาชญากรรมประเภทอื่น ครอบครัวของผู้ติดยาเองก็ต้องแบกรับความทุกข์และภาระทางเศรษฐกิจ ส่วนสังคมต้องเสียทรัพยากรจำนวนมากในการรักษาพยาบาล การฟื้นฟูผู้ติดยา และการดำเนินคดี

ปัญหานี้ซับซ้อนขึ้นเมื่อมีเครือข่ายอาชญากรรมข้ามชาติ เพราะผู้ผลิต ผู้ขนส่ง และผู้จำหน่ายอาจอยู่คนละประเทศ การจับกุมผู้กระทำผิดเพียงบางคนจึงไม่สามารถทำลายเครือข่ายทั้งหมดได้ หากแต่ละประเทศไม่แลกเปลี่ยนข้อมูลและไม่ประสานงานกัน ผู้ค้ายาก็อาจย้ายเส้นทางหรือเปลี่ยนวิธีการเพื่อหลีกเลี่ยงเจ้าหน้าที่

แนวทางแก้ไข

ประการแรก รัฐบาลของประเทศต่าง ๆ ควรร่วมมือกันแลกเปลี่ยนข่าวกรองและข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับเครือข่ายค้ายา เส้นทางลำเลียง และวิธีการซ่อนยาเสพติด เจ้าหน้าที่ตำรวจ ศุลกากร และหน่วยงานตรวจคนเข้าเมืองควรประสานงานอย่างใกล้ชิด รวมทั้งพัฒนาความสามารถในการตรวจสอบสินค้าต้องสงสัยและการเดินทางข้ามพรมแดน การดำเนินการเช่นนี้จะช่วยให้สามารถ

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第 1 題1 分

While TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) claimed the April-third earthquake did not have a major ____ on its production, it saw some disruption to its operations.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文單字與常見搭配。句意為:「台積電表示,4 月 3 日地震對其生產沒有造成重大__,但營運仍受到一些干擾。」空格需要填入能表示「影響」且可與 on 搭配的名詞。

解題方法

觀察句型 have an impact on + 名詞,意思是「對……造成影響」。空格前有 a major,後面接 on its production,因此應填入能構成此固定搭配的名詞 impact。

整句可譯為:「台積電表示,4 月 3 日地震對其生產沒有造成重大影響,但營運仍受到一些干擾。」

選項分析

  • (A) satisfaction:滿意、滿足。常見搭配如 job satisfaction(工作滿意度),不能合理構成此處「對生產造成重大影響」的語意。
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第 2 題1 分

Those who facilitate or aid foreigners to engage in activities in Taiwan that are inconsistent with the reasons of their permitted visit or residence shall be ____ to a fine of NT200,000ormoreanduptoNT200,000 or more and up to NT 1 million.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文固定搭配 be subject to + 名詞,表示「受……約束、須承受……」。題幹描述協助或容留外國人從事與其許可停留或居留原因不符活動的人,須受一定金額的罰鍰,因此空格應填 subject。

題目涉及《入出國及移民法》的罰則,法規內容以命題當年(民國 113 年)為準。

解題方法

先辨認空格後方的結構:____ to a fine。表示「處以罰鍰」時,常見句型是 be subject to a fine;其中 subject to 表示某人依法須承受某種處分。句意為:協助或容留外國人從事與其許可停留或居留原因不符活動者,處新臺幣二十萬元以上、一百萬元以下罰鍰。

選項分析

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第 3 題1 分

Before arriving in Taiwan, please ____ an online immigration arrival card on the website of the National Immigration Agency.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文動詞搭配與字義辨析。句意是:「抵達臺灣前,請在內政部移民署網站上__線上入國登記表。」空格需要填入「填寫、完成」表格的動詞。

解題方法

先看受詞 an online immigration arrival card(線上入國登記表)。英文常用 complete a form/card 表示「填妥、完成表格」,因此空格應填 complete。

句首的 Before arriving in Taiwan 表示「抵達臺灣之前」;please 後接原形動詞,四個選項皆為原形,須再依語意與搭配判斷。

選項分析

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第 4 題1 分

The maximum duration of prohibition from entering Taiwan for foreigners who overstay beyond the ____ period of visit or residence in Taiwan has been revised from 3 years to 7 years.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文單字的語意與搭配。句意是:「對於逾越在臺停留或居留的__期間的外國人,禁止入境最長期間已由 3 年修正為 7 年。」空格須填表示「經許可、核准」的形容詞,修飾 period of visit or residence。

解題方法

先抓句子的關鍵搭配:外國人須遵守主管機關核准的停留或居留期間;逾期即屬超過「核准期間」。英文常用 authorized period 表示「經授權或核准的期間」,因此空格填 authorized。

選項分析

  • (A) improved:意為「改善的、改進的」,不表示停留或居留期間經核准,語意不合。
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第 5 題1 分

For foreigners who have no certain domicile or residence in Taiwan, the National Immigration Agency of the Ministry of the Interior may order such foreigners to exit the State voluntarily within ten days prior to the forcible ____.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文單字與移民行政法規語境。題幹描述:對在臺灣沒有確定住所或居所的外國人,內政部移民署得命其在強制「____」前十日內自行離境。關鍵是辨別與強制離境相關的法律用語。

涉及法規時,以命題當年(民國 113 年)法規為準。題幹所述情形對應《入出國及移民法》關於外國人強制驅逐出國前,命其限期自行出國的規定;英文常用 deportation 表示「驅逐出境」。

解題方法

先讀題幹的語意搭配:forcible ____ 指「強制的驅逐出境」。接著檢視選項,找出能表示將外國人依法強制送離國境的名詞。此處應填 deportation,整句意為「在強制驅逐出境前十日內,自行離境」。

選項分析

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第 6 題1 分

Nationals without household registration who hold a valid R.O.C. (Taiwan) biometric passport and possess a return ticket are ____ from applying for an entry permit.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查形容詞 exempt 的用法與固定搭配。be exempt from + 名詞/動名詞 表示「免於……、獲豁免不必……」。

句意是:未在臺灣設有戶籍的國民,持有效的中華民國(臺灣)晶片護照並持有回程機票者,免於申請入境許可。

解題方法

先看空格後的 from applying for。表示「免於做某事」的固定搭配是 be exempt from + V-ing,因此空格應填 exempt。

句型結構如下:

Nationals ... are exempt from applying for an entry permit. ……者免於申請入境許可。

選項分析

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第 7 題1 分

Law enforcement agencies have ____ 11 people who ran a food fraud operation that produced more than 68,000 gallons of olive oil unfit for consumption.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「執法機關逮捕犯罪嫌疑人」的動詞搭配,以及四個選項的字義辨析。句意為:執法機關已逮捕 11 名人士;這些人經營食品詐欺,生產了超過 68,000 加侖不適合食用的橄欖油。

解題方法

先看空格後的受詞 11 people,再依句意判斷執法機關對這些人採取的行動。文中提到食品詐欺及不適合食用的橄欖油,合理的執法行動是「逮捕」,因此應選表示「逮捕」的 arrested。

選項分析

  • (A) occupied:意為「佔據、占用」,如 occupy a building(佔據一棟建築物)。不表示逮捕人犯,與句意不合。
  • (B) rested:意為「休息」,如 rest after work(下班後休息)。
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第 8 題1 分

On February 14th, a Chinese fishing boat overturned while being chased by the Taiwanese coast guards, killing two Chinese fishermen on board. While ____ between Taiwan and China soared, disinformation about the incident also took off.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查單字在上下文中的語意與常見搭配。句子描述中國漁船翻覆事件造成台灣與中國之間的關係緊張,並提及事件相關的錯誤訊息也開始擴散。空格後的 between Taiwan and China 提示,空格要填入能表示雙方關係狀態的名詞。

解題方法

先看句意:「台灣海巡追逐中國漁船期間,漁船翻覆,船上兩名中國漁民死亡。台灣與中國之間的__升高,與此同時,事件相關的錯誤訊息也迅速傳播。」

英文常用 tension between A and B 表示「A 與 B 之間的緊張情勢」;情勢升高則可說 tensions soared。因此,空格應填 tension。

選項分析

  • (A) peace 和平:錯誤。 peace between Taiwan and China 指台灣與中國之間的和平,與事件造成緊張升高的語境相反。
  • **(B) tension 緊張、緊張情勢:正確。
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第 9 題1 分

For any applicant who is unable to pay the fee, he/she may request a fee ____ by submitting his/her case for further consideration.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考固定搭配 fee waiver,意為「費用豁免」或「免繳費用」。句中指出申請人無力支付費用,得提出個案供進一步審查,因此要填入表示「免除費用」的名詞。

解題方法

先看前文 unable to pay the fee(無法支付費用),再看後文 by submitting his/her case for further consideration(提交個案以供進一步審查)。整句語意是:無力繳費的申請人,可以提出申請,請求免除該費用。英文常用搭配為 request a fee waiver。

選項分析

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第 10 題1 分

Remember to ____ your address with this office to ensure that you can receive all correspondence and notifications from us in a timely manner.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞與受詞的搭配」及語境判讀。句意是:「請記得向本辦公室__您的地址,以確保您能及時收到我們寄發的所有信件與通知。」空格後的 your address 是「您的地址」,後半句說明更新地址的目的,因此需要表示「更新、變更資料」的動詞。

解題方法

先依句意判斷:為了能及時收到信件與通知,地址必須是最新資料。因此空格應填 update,形成常見搭配 update your address with this office,意為「向本辦公室更新您的地址」。

選項分析

  • (A) fill:意為「填寫、填滿」。常見說法是 fill in a form(填寫表格),不說 fill your address with this office;文法搭配與句意皆不合。
  • (B) retrieve:意為「取回、檢索」。
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第 11 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考「動詞與介系詞的慣用搭配」及上下文語意。句子描述幼童聽到大人朗讀、看到書頁上的文字,並開始把文字與聽到的詞語及其代表的概念連結起來。

解題方法

空格後接受詞 the words on the page,後面再以 with 引出要連結的內容。能符合「將兩者聯繫起來」的搭配是 associate A with B,意為「把 A 與 B 聯想/連結在一起」。

句意為:幼童可能開始將書頁上的文字,與他們聽到的詞語及這些詞語所代表的概念聯繫起來。

選項分析

  • (A) associate:正確。 associate A with B 表示「將 A 與 B 聯繫起來」,符合句意與句型。
  • **(B) contact:錯誤。
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第 12 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查字彙在上下文中的語意搭配。句子指出,學生要學會文本理解,需要教師示範、學生練習與回饋;下文接著列出預讀、運用先備知識、預測、摘要及提問等閱讀方法。因此空格應填入表示「策略」的字。

解題方法

空格所在句為:「In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback.」意為:「為了學會文本理解的__,學生需要示範、練習與回饋。」

下文列舉的都是協助理解文本的做法,故應選擇意為「策略」的 strategies。此外,英文常用搭配為 comprehension strategies,即「理解策略」。

選項分析

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第 13 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考字彙辨析與上下文判讀。空格位於「their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read」,意思是「他們的__知識,為閱讀到的新資訊提供架構」。前文提到學生預習文本時會運用已經知道的內容,因此空格應填「既有、已獲得的」知識。

解題方法

先看上下文線索:學生運用「已經知道的內容」(what they already know)來理解即將閱讀的文本。因此,空格所指的是先前累積或獲得的知識。四個選項中,acquired 表示「獲得的、習得的」,符合語意。

選項分析

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第 14 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查字彙在上下文中的語意搭配。make predictions 是「做預測」;根據相似主題的既有知識進行預測,會形成對即將閱讀內容的「預期」。

解題方法

空格前的 sets up 表示「建立、形成」,空格後的 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics 說明這些預期的根據。代入 expectations 後,sets up expectations 意為「形成預期」,符合學生運用先備知識預測文章內容的語境。

選項分析

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第 15 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension ____, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their ____ knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up ____ based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to ____ what points are important and put those points in their own words.

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文單字在上下文中的詞義與搭配。句子指出,整理主旨並撰寫摘要時,學生必須先判斷哪些要點重要,再用自己的話表達。因此空格需要填入「判定、確定」之意的動詞。

解題方法

先看空格後的受詞子句 what points are important(哪些要點重要),再連同後面的 put those points in their own words(用自己的話表達這些要點)理解整句。摘要的第一步是辨別重要資訊,最符合此語意的是 determine。

選項分析

  • (A) dislocate:使脫臼、使移位。不能表示判斷要點的重要性,與句意不合。
  • (B) determine:判定、確定。
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第 16 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

What is the best title for this passage?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀中的「主旨與標題判斷」。標題應涵蓋全文主要內容,而非只對應其中一個細節。本文整理美國移民人口的統計概況,包含移民人口規模與歷史變化、占總人口比例、移民身分分布,以及未經授權移民人口的變化。

解題方法

先看文章開頭與各段主題句,再整理全文反覆說明的核心:

  • 第一段介紹美國移民人口的規模與多元來源。
  • 第二段說明移民人口的歷史數量與占比。
  • 第三段說明移民的法律身分比例,以及未經授權移民人口的變化。

三段共同呈現的是「美國移民人口的統計發現與概況」,因此應選能涵蓋各段內容的標題;只提到多元背景、移民原因或權利義務,都不足以概括全文。

選項分析

  • (A) Diverse Backgrounds of Immigrants.(移民的多元背景):文章提及美國移民來自世界各地,但這只是開頭的一項特徵,無法涵蓋後文的歷史統計、身分分布及未經授權移民人口變化,標題範圍過窄。
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第 17 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解,重點是從文章中比對數字、比例與時間資訊,判斷選項是否符合原文。題幹沒有涉及法條或計算公式。

解題方法

先抓住文章的關鍵數據,再逐項對照選項:

  • 世界移民中約有五分之一居住在美國。
  • 美國外出生人口於 2018 年達到 4,480 萬人的歷史新高。
  • 移民身分比例中,未經授權者占 23%,不到三分之一。
  • 美國移民法曾以 national quota system(國家配額制度)為基礎,1965 年移民法改革後改由新制度取代。

選項分析

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第 18 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

What is the focus of the final paragraph?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀中的「段落主旨判斷」。作答時要掌握最後一段的主要內容,並用各選項比對段落的核心,而不是只看到單一細節就選答案。

解題方法

最後一段先概述移民的法律身分分布:77% 合法居留,其中包含歸化公民、永久居民及臨時居民;另有 23% 為未經許可的移民。接著說明未經許可移民人口從 1990 年增加至 2007 年高峰,之後至 2017 年下降,並指出下降主要與來自墨西哥的人數減少有關。

整段的中心是美國移民的合法身分與未經許可移民人口變化;墨西哥因素只出現在段末,是解釋人口下降的細節。

選項分析

  • (A) The legal status of immigrants in the US. 正確。段落主要呈現合法與未經許可移民的比例、不同合法身分類別,以及未經許可移民人口的變化,符合「美國移民的法律身分」。
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第 19 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

According to the passage, what is the main contributor to the decline in the unauthorized immigrant population in 2017?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考英文閱讀理解,重點是辨認文章直接說明的「未獲授權移民人口下降的主要原因」。關鍵句指出,這項人口下降主要是因為來自墨西哥的人數減少;墨西哥人也是美國最大的未獲授權移民群體。

解題方法

先定位題目中的 the decline in the unauthorized immigrant population,再回到文章第三段尋找其原因。文中明確寫道,下降「主要是由於來自墨西哥的人數減少」(due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico)。因此,選項中描述墨西哥移民減少者為正解。

選項分析

  • (A) The implementation of new immigration laws in the US. 美國實施新的移民法規。文章提到 1965 年移民法取代國家配額制度,之後移民總數增加;這不是文中所述 2017 年未獲授權移民人口下降的主要原因。
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第 20 題1 分

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

According to the passage, which of the following statistics is NOT correct?

這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查英文閱讀理解中的數字比對與同義改寫。作答時要以題幹提供的統計資料為準,逐項核對選項中的年份、比例與變化幅度;題幹沒有涉及法條。

解題方法

題幹指出,自 1965 年美國移民法取代國籍配額制度以來,在美移民人數「增加超過四倍」(more than quadrupled)。「增加超過四倍」表示人數超過原來的四倍,不等於「成長六倍」;選項 A 把增幅說成超過六倍,與題幹不符。

其餘選項可直接核對題幹中的明確數據:1970 年移民占美國人口 4.8%;2017 年未經授權移民占所有移民 23%,並占美國總人口 3.2%。

選項分析

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