113 移民特考三等 移民行政(選試韓文) 外國文(韓文兼試移民專業英文) 考古題詳解

請將下列韓文翻譯成中文：

(一) 대만은 중화문화의 최후의 보루다. 대중화문화권에서 대만이라는 섬은 큰 혼란 없이 유교, 불교, 도교 등 전통적인 중화문화를 본래의 형태로 잘 보존해왔다. 대만은 정치적으로는 일당 독재 체제였지만, 문화와 교육 측면에서는 중화문화에 대한 교육을 강조하여 전통문화의 가치를 지키고 발전시켰다. 이로 인해 대만은 '중화문화의 등대' 역할을 할 수 있었다.

대만은 동북아의 참혹한 역사와 전쟁을 경험했지만, 한국인의 정서와는 다르다. 한국과 사회적, 역사적 유사성이 뚜렷하지만, 대만은 위계적인 대학문화에 대한 이중성이 거의 없다. 한국은 대만보다 훨씬 더 집단주의적인 성향이 강하다고 할 수 있다. 대만은 이민 사회이고 본토보다 유교적 문벌 중심의 가부장적 문화가 약해서 상대적으로 덜 위계적인 문화를 가지고 있다.

(二) 저출산과 고령화, 그리고 지방 소멸 등의 인구 변화가 대만 사회를 크게 흔들고 있다. 인구 변화는 피할 수 없는 미래다. 서구 사회에서 1인 가구가 증가하는 원인과 배경은 다양하다. 여성의 경제 활동 참여 증가, 이혼과 별거로 인한 가족 구조 변화, 고령화로 인한 노인 독신 가구의 증가, 그리고 젊은 세대의 비혼 및 만혼 경향이 주요 요인이다. 이러한 다양한 원인과 배경으로 인해 1인 가구는 빈곤, 일자리, 안전 등 여러 사회 문제에 직면하고 있다. 주목할 점은 서구 사회가 1인 가구의 증가에 대응하기 위해 특히 고령층을 위한 돌봄 시스템 혁신과 공동주택 보급 등의 복지 정책을 적극적으로 추진해 왔다는 것이다.

請將下列中文翻譯成韓文：

(一)最近上映的一部韓國影片，透過其呈現的民俗文化元素，讓觀眾得以深入了解韓國與臺灣文化之間的差異與共通之處。這樣的比較與探索，豐富了電影的內涵。

電影中展現了對土地的尊重與敬畏，這種對土地的信仰在韓國文化中處處可見。相比之下，在臺灣的民俗文化中，對土地信仰的表達方式可能更加注重於祭拜或向神明求助。這種不同的角色設定與表現方式，反映了兩地文化背景的差異。

這部電影忠實地呈現巫俗、風水等具文化特色的民俗宗教，還觸及日治時期對韓國民眾和土地造成的歷史創傷。這部電影的製作可說不光是為了韓國觀眾，從其主題的深度來看，不難理解為何它能在亞洲各地票房取得佳績，特別是文化歷史背景相近的族群，電影無疑引動了某種大東亞式的共鳴。（25分）

(二)人工智能可能是 2023 年最熱門的詞彙之一，科技巨頭們爭相發布人工智能產品。人工智能不但為人類勞動力短缺提供解決方案，更是與人類互動、提供娛樂的夥伴。

但人工智能的發展也引發了其與人類關係的討論和擔憂，人們開始思考人工智能在社會、經濟和倫理層面的影響，以及如何確保其發展自始至終都能符合人類的利益和價值觀。人工智能會在 2024 年為人們帶來更多驚喜或是挑戰嗎？（20分）

While TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) claimed the April-third earthquake did not have a major ____ on its production, it saw some disruption to its operations.

Those who facilitate or aid foreigners to engage in activities in Taiwan that are inconsistent with the reasons of their permitted visit or residence shall be ____ to a fine of NT$200,000 or more and up to NT$1 million.

Before arriving in Taiwan, please ____ an online immigration arrival card on the website of the National Immigration Agency.

The maximum duration of prohibition from entering Taiwan for foreigners who overstay beyond the period of visit or residence in Taiwan has been revised from 3 years to 7 years.

For foreigners who have no certain domicile or residence in Taiwan, the National Immigration Agency of the Ministry of the Interior may order such foreigners to exit the State voluntarily within ten days prior to the forcible ____.

Nationals without household registration who hold a valid R.O.C. (Taiwan) biometric passport and possess a return ticket are ____ from applying for an entry permit.

Law enforcement agencies have ____ 11 people who ran a food fraud operation that produced more than 68,000 gallons of olive oil unfit for consumption.

On February 14th, a Chinese fishing boat overturned while being chased by the Taiwanese coast guards, killing two Chinese fishermen on board. While ____ between Taiwan and China soared, disinformation about the incident also took off.

For any applicant who is unable to pay the fee, he/she may request a fee ____ by submitting his/her case for further consideration.

Remember to ____ your address with this office to ensure that you can receive all correspondence and notifications from us in a timely manner.

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension 12, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their 13 knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up 14 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to 15 what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension 12, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their 13 knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up 14 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to 15 what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension 12, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their 13 knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up 14 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to 15 what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension 12, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their 13 knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up 14 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to 15 what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

【題組共用題幹】

Before children can read, the process of comprehending text begins when someone reads a picture book to them. Young children listen to the words, see the pictures in the book, and may start to ____ the words on the page with the words they are hearing and the ideas these words represent. In order to learn comprehension 12, students need modeling, practice, and feedback. For example, when students preview a text, they tap into what they already know and that knowledge will help them understand the text they are about to read. In other words, their 13 knowledge provides a framework for any new information they read. Moreover, when students make predictions about the text they are about to read, this exercise sets up 14 based on their prior knowledge about similar topics. As they read, students may mentally revise their prediction as they gain more information. In addition, identifying the main ideas and making a summary requires students to 15 what points are important and put those points in their own words. Furthermore, asking and answering questions about a text is another strategy that helps students focus on the meaning of the text. Teachers can help by modeling both the process of asking good questions and strategies for finding the answers in the text.

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

16. What is the best title for this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

17. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

18. What is the focus of the final paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

19. According to the passage, what is the main contributor to the decline in the unauthorized immigrant population in 2017?

【題組共用題幹】

The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population.

The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US.

Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.

20. According to the passage, which of the following statistics is NOT correct?