110 移民特考三等 移民行政(選試越南文） 外國文（越南文兼試移民專業英文） 考古題詳解
第 一、 題10 分
Đặt câu với các từ sau：
- rồi（kết từ）
- đấy（trợ từ）
- mà（trợ từ）
- cho（trợ từ）
- đã（trợ từ）
- vậy（trợ từ）
- mạnh mẽ（tính từ）
- nhanh nhẹn（tính từ）
- trung tâm（tính từ）
- điện thoại（danh từ）
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核心觀念
本題是越南語造句題，重點在於依照題目指定的詞性與語法功能，將每個詞放進自然、完整的句子中。作答時須特別注意：
- 詞性限制：例如
đấy、mà、cho、đã、vậy題目指定為助詞，造句時要呈現相應語氣或句法功能。 - 語序與搭配：越南語通常採「主語＋謂語＋補語」語序；時間副詞、語氣助詞及動詞補語的位置會影響句意。
- 句意完整：句子須讓閱卷者清楚看出指定詞的用法，不宜只把詞放進過短或語意不明的片語。
解題方法與逐題造句
以下各句均符合題目指定詞性，並附上中文句意與用法說明。
-
rồi（kết từ，連詞） Trời tạnh mưa rồi, chúng tôi ra ngoài. 雨停了之後，我們就出門。rồi連接前後兩個分句，表示前一事件完成後接續發生後一事件。 -
đấy（trợ từ，助詞） Bạn phải giữ lời hứa đấy! 你要遵守承諾喔！ 句末的đấy加強提醒或警告語氣，使說話者的要求更明確。 -
mà（trợ từ，助詞） Tôi đã gọi cho anh mà anh không nghe máy. 我已經打電話給你了，可是你沒有接。mà用於前後分句之間，帶有轉折或表示前述情況與後續情況不相稱的語氣。 -
cho（trợ từ，助詞） Em nói chậm cho mọi người hiểu. 請你說慢一點，讓大家聽懂。cho引出動作所要達成的對象或結果，這裡表示「以便大家理解」。 -
đã（trợ từ，助詞） Tôi đã nộp hồ sơ rồi. 我已經繳交申請資料了。đã放在動詞前，標示動作已經發生；句末rồi再強調事情已完成。 -
vậy（trợ từ，助詞） Sao hôm nay bạn đến muộn vậy? 你今天怎麼這麼晚才到？vậy放在句末，強調程度或說話者的驚訝語氣。 -
mạnh mẽ（tính từ，形容詞） Cô ấy là một người phụ nữ mạnh mẽ. 她是一位堅強的女性。
第 二、 題15 分
Sắp xếp các từ/cụm từ sau thành câu hoàn chỉnh：
-
tình hình / các / đúng / khiến / dịch Covid-19 / nhập hàng / ngày càng / thời hạn / phức tạp / cho / doanh nghiệp / không thể / và / xuất hàng / do
-
đã / rất nhiều / được / vắc xin / tiêm / tình hình / có / vẫn / chưa / người / mà / giảm / đang / có / nhưng / chiều hướng / gia tăng / dịch bệnh
-
Tân Di dân / những / vấn đề / hiện nay / người / thiếu / chính là / trong việc / một phần / giúp / góp / Đài Loan / giải quyết / nguồn lao động
-
chính phủ / có / rất / nhiều / giúp / chính sách / khó khăn / cụ thể / Tân Di dân / con em / và / của / hiện nay / họ / đã / vượt qua / những
-
hiện / đang / đi công / nhiều / máy bay / Việt Nam / hợp đồng / nhưng / có / rất / mua vé / về / Việt Nam / hết hạn / không thể
-
phát triển / chính sách / hiện nay / Đài Loan / của / đang / gặp / dịch Covid-19 / nhiều / khó khăn / do
-
đợt / khiến cho / hạn hán / thiếu / sản xuất / nhiều / không / thể / nông nghiệp / vừa qua / vì / nước / địa phương
-
được / tình trạng / vẫn / đến nay / xả / giải quyết / gây / ô nhiễm / môi trường / ở / triệt để / Đài Loan / cho / chưa / nước thải / một cách
-
trong / dịch bệnh / tốt / tiếp tục / những / có / hoạt động / nhiều / mối quan hệ / tiềm lực / và / kinh tế / chỉ có / mới / có thể / doanh nghiệp / hiện nay / bối cảnh
-
của / doanh thu / thương mại / mua / có / đồ / thích / đang / các / trên mạng / ngày một / do / giảm / nhiều / đang / chiều hướng / trung tâm / khách hàng
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核心觀念
本題考越南文的詞序、句子成分與連接詞。越南文常見語序為「主語＋謂語＋受詞」；時間、原因、背景等資訊則依句意放在適當位置。作答時先找出可辨認的主語與主要動詞，再利用 do、vì、nhưng、mà、chỉ có…mới có thể 等詞判斷因果、轉折或條件關係，最後確認修飾語和語意是否完整。
題目沒有提供選項；以下依所給詞語排列成完整句子，並逐題說明句意與關鍵詞序。
解題方法
先找句子的核心骨架，再補上修飾成分：
- 找主語、主要動詞和受詞，例如 chính phủ có chính sách（政府有政策）。
- 找連接詞及其支配的子句，例如 do…（由於……）、nhưng…（但是……）。
- 將時間、地點、程度等詞放在能修飾對象的位置。
- 逐項核對題目所列詞語均已使用，且語意前後連貫。
逐題解析
1.
Do dịch Covid-19, tình hình nhập hàng và xuất hàng cho doanh nghiệp ngày càng phức tạp, khiến các thời hạn không thể đúng.
句意：由於 COVID-19 疫情，企業的進貨與出貨情況日益複雜，使期限無法準確。
Do dịch Covid-19 引出原因；主句主語是 tình hình nhập hàng và xuất hàng cho doanh nghiệp，謂語為 ngày càng phức tạp。後接 khiến… 表示造成的結果。
2.
Tình hình dịch bệnh vẫn chưa giảm mà đang có chiều hướng gia tăng, nhưng có rất nhiều người đã được tiêm vắc xin.
句意：疫情仍未減緩，反而有上升趨勢，但是已有很多人接種疫苗。
đã được tiêm vắc xin 是被動句，表示「已經接種疫苗」；mà đang có chiều hướng gia tăng 補充說明疫情的走向。nhưng 連接轉折句。
3.
Tân Di dân chính là một phần nguồn lao động thiếu hụt hiện nay, góp phần giúp Đài Loan giải quyết những vấn đề trong việc này.
句意：新住民正是目前短缺勞動力的一部分，並有助於臺灣解決這方面的問題。
chính là 用來強調「正是」；góp phần giúp… 表示「有助於……」。những vấn đề trong việc này 指「這方面的問題」。
4.
Hiện nay, chính phủ đã có rất nhiều chính sách cụ thể giúp con em của Tân Di dân vượt qua những khó khăn của họ.
句意：目前，政府已制定許多具體政策，協助新住民子女克服他們的困難。
主句骨架是 chính phủ đã có nhiều chính sách；cụ thể 修飾 chính sách，而 giúp con em… vượt qua… 說明政策的作用。
5.
Hiện có rất nhiều người Việt Nam đi công tác bằng máy bay nhưng hợp đồng đã hết hạn, không thể mua vé về Việt Nam.
句意：目前有很多越南人搭飛機出差，但合約已到期，無法購買回越南的機票。
đi công tác 是「出差」，bằng máy bay 說明交通方式。hợp đồng đã hết hạn 表示合約已到期；không thể mua vé về Việt Nam 說明無法買票回越南。
6.
Chính sách phát triển của Đài Loan hiện nay đang gặp nhiều khó khăn do dịch Covid-19.
句意：臺灣目前的發展政策因 COVID-19 疫情而面臨許多困難。
主語是 Chính sách phát triển của Đài Loan，hiện nay 表示時間，謂語為 đang gặp nhiều khó khăn；do dịch Covid-19 說明原因。
7.
Vì đợt hạn hán vừa qua, địa phương thiếu nước, khiến cho nhiều sản xuất nông nghiệp không thể thực hiện.
句意：由於前一波乾旱，地方缺水，使許多農業生產無法進行。
Vì… 引出原因，đợt hạn hán vừa qua 是「前一波乾旱」。khiến cho… không thể… 表示「使……無法……」。
8.
第 三、 題25 分
Dịch đoạn văn sau sang tiếng Việt：
因應疫情第三級警戒延長到 6 月 28 日，可能導致部分新住民家庭生活遭受衝擊，移民署指出，現有的紓困方案，新住民家庭之國人配偶原本即可提出申請，另設籍前新住民如符合特殊境遇家庭相關收入條件規定，並經地方政府評估因三個月內生活發生重大變故導致生活、經濟困難者，且其重大變故非因個人責任、債務、非自願性失業等事由，可透過直轄市、縣（市）政府申請緊急生活扶助，每人每次最高核發當年度最低生活費 3 個月。
移民署呼籲，各界如發現需要協助個案及相關服務需求，可逕洽居住地之鄉（鎮、市、區）公所受理外，如有疑義，亦可詢問各直轄市、縣（市）政府之新住民家庭服務中心。
此外，移民署建置的新住民培力發展資訊網，提供中文、英文、越南、印尼、泰國、柬埔寨及緬甸等 7 國語言翻譯，透過網站的多國語言資訊，即可掌握疫情與相關福利的最新訊息，歡迎新住民家庭多加利用。
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核心觀念
本題為越南文翻譯，重點是將疫情期間新住民家庭紓困措施的新聞文字，準確轉譯為越南文。翻譯時須掌握政策對象、申請條件、受理機關、補助額度及服務資訊，並維持原文的因果與條件關係。
解題方法
先依語意將全文分成三段：第一段說明警戒延長的影響及緊急生活扶助條件；第二段說明求助與諮詢管道；第三段介紹多語資訊網站。再逐句轉換為自然、正式的越南文，並注意下列用語：
- 「新住民」譯為 người nhập cư mới。
- 「設籍前」譯為 trước khi đăng ký hộ khẩu。
- 「特殊境遇家庭」譯為 gia đình có hoàn cảnh đặc biệt。
- 「緊急生活扶助」譯為 trợ cấp sinh hoạt khẩn cấp。
- 「最低生活費 3 個月」譯為 mức sinh hoạt phí tối thiểu của năm đó trong 3 tháng。
參考譯文
Do thời gian cảnh báo dịch bệnh cấp độ 3 được kéo dài đến ngày 28 tháng 6, đời sống của một số gia đình người nhập cư mới có thể bị ảnh hưởng. Cục Di dân cho biết, theo các phương án hỗ trợ khó khăn hiện hành, người phối ngẫu là công dân Đài Loan trong gia đình người nhập cư mới vốn đã có thể nộp đơn xin trợ cấp. Đối với người nhập cư mới chưa đăng ký hộ khẩu, nếu đáp ứng các điều kiện về thu nhập liên quan đến gia đình có hoàn cảnh đặc biệt và được chính quyền địa phương đánh giá là gặp khó khăn về đời sống, kinh tế do xảy ra biến cố nghiêm trọng trong vòng ba tháng, đồng thời biến cố đó không xuất phát từ trách nhiệm cá nhân, nợ nần, thất nghiệp ngoài ý muốn hoặc các nguyên nhân tương tự, thì có thể nộp đơn xin trợ cấp sinh hoạt khẩn cấp thông qua chính quyền thành phố trực thuộc Trung ương hoặc chính quyền huyện, thị. Mỗi người được cấp tối đa một lần số tiền tương đương ba tháng mức sinh
第 四、 題25 分
Viết đoạn văn theo chủ đề（300-400 chữ）：
Sau khi đến Đài Loan sinh sống, Tân Di dân chính là những người đã góp phần tạo nên một xã hội Đài Loan đa nguyên văn hóa như hiện nay. Nhận thấy vấn đề này, chính phủ đã có nhiều giải pháp cho việc thực hiện xây dựng và phát triển một xã hội Đài Loan đa nguyên văn hóa. Hãy trình bày quan điểm của bạn về vấn đề này.
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核心觀念
本題為越南文命題作文，要求考生以「新住民與臺灣多元文化社會」為主題，寫一篇 300–400 字的越南文短文，說明對政府推動多元文化社會的看法。評量重點包括越南文表達能力、段落組織、論點完整度，以及能否提出具體可行的觀察與建議。題目沒有要求援引特定法條；作答重點是論述，不必堆砌政策名稱。
解題方法
可採「肯定貢獻—指出挑戰—提出建議—總結立場」的四段式架構：
- 肯定新住民的貢獻：新住民帶來語言、飲食、節慶、宗教與生活經驗，使臺灣社會更加多元。
- 指出仍待改善之處：新住民可能面臨語言障礙、就業不易、文化偏見，以及子女教育與身分認同等問題。
- 提出政府與社會的作法：加強語言與生活適應支持、保障平等就業與教育機會、提供新住民參與公共事務的管道，並增進本地居民對不同文化的理解。
- 總結多元文化的意義：多元文化不只是接納差異，也要讓不同背景的人享有平等尊嚴，並共同參與社會。
題目雖提到政府已有多項措施，不宜只列措施名稱；應說明措施如何回應問題，並表達自己的立場。
參考作答
以下越南文正文約 300–400 字，符合作文篇幅要求。
Sau khi đến Đài Loan sinh sống, nhiều Tân di dân đã đem theo tiếng nói, món ăn, phong tục và tín ngưỡng của quê hương mình. Nhờ đó, xã hội Đài Loan ngày nay trở nên phong phú và có nhiều màu sắc hơn. Theo tôi, sự đóng góp của Tân di dân không chỉ thể hiện trong gia đình mà còn góp phần làm thay đổi cách mọi người nhìn nhận các nền văn hóa khác nhau.
Tuy nhiên, cuộc sống ở một đất nước mới không phải lúc nào cũng dễ dàng. Một số Tân di dân gặp khó khăn khi học tiếng Hoa, tìm việc làm hoặc sử dụng các dịch vụ công. Họ cũng có thể phải đối mặt với định kiến và sự hiểu lầm về phong tục của mình. Con cái của họ đôi khi gặp khó khăn trong việc học tập và tìm hiểu bản sắc văn hóa của gia đình. Vì vậy, xây dựng xã hội đa nguyên văn h
第 1 題1 分
____ from Ireland, Italy, Germany, Poland, Greece, and other nations settled in the East Coast of the United States in the 19th century for different purposes.
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字詞性、語意及句子主詞判斷。
句意為：
____ from Ireland, Italy, Germany, Poland, Greece, and other nations settled in the East Coast of the United States in the 19th century for different purposes.
中文意義是：「來自愛爾蘭、義大利、德國、波蘭、希臘及其他國家的人，在 19 世紀因不同目的定居於美國東岸。」
關鍵片語是：
- immigrant：移民，指從原居地移往另一國家或地區居住的人。
- from＋地名：表示「來自某地」。
- settle in＋地點：表示「在某地定居」。
解題方法
先判斷空格在句中的功能。空格後接 from Ireland, Italy...，整個空格內容位於句首，並且後面的 settled 是動詞，因此空格應填入能作為句子主詞的名詞。
主詞須符合兩項條件：
- 必須是「人」，因為能從愛爾蘭、義大利等國家來到美國並定居的是人。
- 必須使用複數形式，因為動詞使用 settled，主詞語意上指來自多個國家的群體。
Immigrants 同時符合「人」與「複數名詞」兩項條件，因此句子完整且語意通順：
Immigrants from Ireland, Italy, Germany, Poland, Greece, and other nations settled in the East Coast of the United States in the 19th century for different purposes.
選項分析
(A) Shipments
第 2 題1 分
The court’s decision was not ____ because there were a few judges who voted the other way.
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字詞義與語境判斷。
句意為：
法院的判決並非＿＿，因為有幾位法官投票表示不同意見。
關鍵線索是 a few judges who voted the other way，表示「有幾位法官投下相反票」，因此判決並非「全體一致通過」。
解題方法
先掌握句型：
The court’s decision was not ____ because ...
空格應填入能描述「判決不是全體法官一致同意」的形容詞。
unanimous 的意思是「一致的、全體同意的」。若有幾位法官投票反對，代表判決不是全體一致，因此填入 unanimous 最符合上下文：
The court’s decision was not unanimous because there were a few judges who voted the other way.
中文為：
法院的判決並非一致通過，因為有幾位法官投下相反票。
選項分析
(A) permeable
意思是「可滲透的、可透過的」，通常用來形容材料、膜或表面，例如：
permeable material 可滲透的材料
第 3 題1 分
His teachings were striking and ____, not only because of a variety of innovative teaching methods he used but because of what he taught.
核心觀念
本題考查英文詞義與語意判斷，並搭配句型：
His teachings were striking and ____, not only because of a variety of innovative teaching methods he used but because of what he taught.
空格前有並列形容詞 striking and ____，需填入與「引人注目、令人印象深刻」語意相近，且能描述其教學內容的正面形容詞。
- striking：引人注目的、醒目的、令人印象深刻的。
- memorable：令人難忘的、值得記憶的。
句中又以 not only A but B 表示「不僅因為 A，也因為 B」，說明他的教學令人印象深刻的兩項原因：一是使用多種創新的教學方法，二是教學內容本身具有特色。
解題方法
先掌握句子的整體語氣。句中使用 innovative teaching methods，其中 innovative 表示「創新的」，帶有明顯正面評價；後半句 because of what he taught 則表示「因為他所教導的內容」。
因此，空格應填入正面且能與 striking 並列的形容詞，形成：
His teachings were striking and memorable.
意思是：「他的教學令人印象深刻且難以忘懷。」
完整翻譯：
他的教學令人印象深刻且難以忘懷，不僅是因為他採用了多種創新的教學方法，也因為他所教導的內容本身。
選項分析
(A) ritualized
第 4 題1 分
This wildlife ____ is specifically built to provide a safe place for captive animals that become unwanted for a variety of reasons.
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字辨義與語境搭配。句意為：
這個野生動物＿＿，特別建造來為因各種原因而不再被需要的圈養動物提供安全場所。
關鍵片語是 wildlife sanctuary，意為「野生動物保護區、野生動物庇護所」。其中：
- wildlife：野生動物
- sanctuary：避難所、庇護所、保護區
句中提到 provide a safe place（提供安全場所），直接呼應 sanctuary 的「庇護、保護場所」之意。
解題方法
先抓句意中的功能描述：
built to provide a safe place for captive animals
也就是「建造來提供圈養動物安全處所」。因此空格應填入表示「庇護所、保護區」的名詞。
此外，wildlife sanctuary 是自然且常見的固定搭配，指專門收容、保護野生動物的場所。填入後完整句意為：
This wildlife sanctuary is specifically built to provide a safe place for captive animals that become unwanted for a variety of reasons.
意思是：
這個野生動物庇護所特別建造來為因各種原因而不再被需要的圈養動物提供安全場所。
選項分析
(A) butchery
butchery 意為「屠宰業、屠宰場、肉店」，也可引申為「殘酷殺戮」。
第 5 題1 分
Eight officers in this corrupt city police department were arrested for ____ cocaine.
核心觀念
本題考查：
- 動詞搭配與語意判斷。
- 介系詞 後接動名詞（）的用法。
- 犯罪與毒品相關英文詞彙。
句型為：
Eight officers were arrested for ____ cocaine.
其中 是介系詞，後面應接動名詞。四個選項皆為 形式，因此關鍵在於判斷哪個動詞能與 搭配，且符合句意。
解題方法
先觀察句意：
這個貪腐城市警察局的八名警官因為＿＿可卡因而遭到逮捕。
主詞是警察，且句中有 （貪腐的）與 （被逮捕），語境明顯與違法犯罪有關。能與毒品 搭配、表示違法販運的動詞是 。
是 的動名詞， 表示「販運可卡因、從事可卡因毒品交易」。因此選擇 (B) trafficking。
完整句意為：
Eight officers in this corrupt city police department were arrested for trafficking cocaine. 這個貪腐城市警察局的八名警官因販運可卡因而遭到逮捕。
選項分析
(A) resisting
表示「抵抗、反抗、抗拒」， 表示「抵抗」。常見搭配包括：
- ：拒捕、抗拒逮捕
- ：抗拒權威
- ：抗拒壓力
是毒品名稱，不是通常可被「抵抗」的對象。 不符合語意與慣用搭配，因此錯誤。
(B) trafficking
第 6 題1 分
The President reminded the officials that they should raise their level of ____ in debate and avoid tautology to achieve persuasion.
核心觀念
本題考查英文詞義與語境判斷。
句意為：
The President reminded the officials that they should raise their level of ____ in debate and avoid tautology to achieve persuasion. 總統提醒官員，在辯論中應提高其＿＿的程度，並避免贅述，以達到說服效果。
關鍵詞為：
- raise their level of：提高……的程度
- in debate：在辯論中
- tautology：贅述、同義反覆、以多餘字詞重複相同意思
- achieve persuasion：達到說服效果
在辯論中，若要具有說服力，應提升語言表達與修辭能力，並避免重複冗贅，因此空格應填 eloquence。
解題方法
先判斷句子的正面語意：
空格後接介系詞片語 in debate，需要填入代表辯論表達能力的抽象名詞。eloquence 意為「雄辯、口才、 eloquent 的表達能力」，特別指語言流暢、優美且具有說服力的能力，與句中 achieve persuasion 的語意完全一致。
完整句意為：
The President reminded the officials that they should raise their level of eloquence in debate and avoid tautology to achieve persuasion.
即「總統提醒官員，在辯論中應提升雄辯與表達能力，並避免贅述，以達到說服效果。」
選項分析
(A) ambiguity
第 7 題1 分
The manager’s wife divorced him after the ____ that he was having an affair with his subordinates.
核心觀念
本題考查英文單字辨義與語意搭配。句意為：
經由得知經理與其下屬有婚外情後，經理的妻子與他離婚了。
空格前有冠詞 the，後接 that he was having an affair with his subordinates，因此需要填入一個表示「揭露、披露、真相曝光」的名詞。
revelation 意為「揭露、披露；被揭露的事實」，可搭配：
the revelation that + 子句 揭露出……這件事
因此符合句意與文法。
解題方法
先判斷句型：
after the ____ that he was having an affair with his subordinates
其中 that he was having an affair with his subordinates 是修飾前面名詞的同位語子句，說明「被揭露的內容」為何。
將各選項代入：
after the revelation that he was having an affair with his subordinates
意思是「在他與下屬有婚外情的事情曝光後」，語意完整自然，故選 (B)。
句中的 was having an affair 表示「當時正發生婚外情」；have an affair with someone 是固定用法，意為「與某人有婚外情」。
選項分析
(A) objective
objective 可作名詞，意為「目標、目的」；也可作形容詞，意為「客觀的」。
代入後：
第 8 題1 分
Ethnocentrism refers to the belief that one’s own cultural group is ____ to all other groups or culture.
核心觀念
本題考查文化人類學與跨文化溝通中的 ethnocentrism（民族中心主義／我族中心主義）。
Ethnocentrism 是指個人或群體以自身文化的價值、規範與生活方式作為判斷標準，並認為自己的文化群體優於其他文化群體。因此，句意為：
Ethnocentrism refers to the belief that one’s own cultural group is superior to all other groups or cultures. 民族中心主義是指相信自己的文化群體優於所有其他群體或文化。
解題方法
判斷關鍵在於掌握 ethnocentrism 的核心定義：
- ethno-：民族、族群
- centrism：以……為中心
民族中心主義並非單純認為自己的文化「不同」，而是將自身文化置於中心位置，進一步評價其他文化，通常帶有「自己的文化較好、較高等」的偏見。
句型為：
表示「A 優於 B」。因此空格須填入能與介系詞 to 搭配，且符合民族中心主義意義的形容詞，答案為 superior。
選項分析
(A) inferior（劣等的、較低下的）
錯誤。inferior to 表示「劣於……」，若填入本選項，句意會變成：
自己的文化群體劣於所有其他群體或文化。
這與 ethnocentrism 將自身文化視為中心、優越的概念相反。若是認為其他文化優於自身文化，較接近文化自卑，並非民族中心主義的典型定義。
(B) superior（優越的、較高等的）
第 9 題1 分
Only by standing in ____ can they stay together to fight against and overcome any atrocious tyranny.
核心觀念
本題考查：
- 字義辨析。
- 固定搭配：
stand in solidarity。 Only by + V-ing所形成的倒裝句型。
solidarity 是名詞，意為「團結、團結一致、休戚與共」。stand in solidarity 表示「團結一致地支持某人或某一立場」，是本句的關鍵搭配。
解題方法
先觀察句意：
Only by standing in ____ can they stay together to fight against and overcome any atrocious tyranny.
句意為：
只有團結一致，他們才能共同對抗並克服任何殘暴的暴政。
空格前有 standing in，後方需要填入能與 in 形成自然搭配、且符合「團結合作」語意的名詞。stand in solidarity 是固定用語，因此選 solidarity。
句首的 Only by 表示「只有藉由……」，後面接動名詞片語 standing in solidarity。當 Only by 置於句首時，主要子句採部分倒裝：
本句結構如下：
Only by standing in solidarity：只有團結一致can they stay together：他們才能團結在一起to fight against and overcome ...：以對抗並克服……
選項分析
(A) regime
regime 意為「政權、政體、統治制度」，通常指一個國家或組織的統治形式，例如：
- an authoritarian regime：威權政權
- a military regime：軍事政權
第 10 題1 分
Many people in this country urge that laws that prohibit age discrimination and labor ____ be enacted as soon as possible.
核心觀念
本題考查英文詞彙辨析與語意搭配。句意為：
這個國家的許多人敦促，禁止年齡歧視及勞動剝削的法律應儘速制定。
關鍵搭配是 labor exploitation，意為「勞動剝削」。因此空格應填入表示「剝削」的名詞。
句型 urge that + 主詞 + be enacted 表示「敦促某事應被制定」，其中 be enacted 為被動語態，意為「被制定、被頒布」。
解題方法
先判斷空格在 labor 之後，必須形成合理的名詞片語：
- labor + hypocrisy：勞動虛偽，不合語意。
- labor + obligation：勞動義務，與前面的 laws that prohibit 不相符。
- labor + exploitation：勞動剝削，為固定且自然的搭配。
- labor + promulgation：勞動頒布，語意及搭配均不通。
句中 laws that prohibit age discrimination and labor exploitation 的結構為：
- laws：法律
- that prohibit ...：關係子句，修飾 laws
- age discrimination：年齡歧視
- labor exploitation：勞動剝削
因此完整句意與文法皆以 exploitation 最為恰當。
選項分析
(A) hypocrisy
hypocrisy 是「虛偽、偽善」，指表面上宣稱某種道德標準，實際行為卻不一致。
若填入後成為 labor hypocrisy，意思近似「勞動方面的偽善」，既不是本題所要表達的社會問題，也不是自然的英文搭配。
(B) obligation
第 11 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV.
The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. ____, athletic endeavors have a tremendous economic, political, and cultural influence on our society. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help ____ city-, state-, and national identity. Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports—these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations has ____ them a human right: Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian development and peace-building efforts.
核心觀念
本題考英文單字 prevalence 的詞義與上下文判讀。空格前提到網際網路與電視的「……」，空格後則說成人與孩童都大量接觸運動，因此應選表示「普及、盛行」的字。
解題方法
句子為：
Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate.
可譯為：「多虧網際網路與電視的＿＿，成人與孩童都以驚人的速度大量接觸運動。」
後文接著談運動在日常生活中的主導地位，以及運動對經濟、政治與文化的影響。由此可知，空格需要表達網際網路與電視「廣泛存在、普及」的概念，與 prevalence 相符。
選項分析
- (A) retribution：懲罰、報應 指因錯誤行為而遭受的懲罰，與網際網路、電視的普及程度無關。
第 12 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV.
The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. ____, athletic endeavors have a tremendous economic, political, and cultural influence on our society. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help ____ city-, state-, and national identity. Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports—these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations has ____ them a human right: Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian development and peace-building efforts.
核心觀念
本題考英文篇章中的語意與轉折語判斷。空格位於「運動對社會具有重大影響」與「舉辦賽事能促進城市觀光及收益」之間，應選擇能承接前文、引出結果或進一步說明的連接副詞。
解題方法
前文指出，頂尖運動員受到矚目，反映社會重視體育賽事。空格後進一步說明，體育活動對社會具有經濟、政治及文化影響，並舉出觀光、收入、性別角色與國家認同等例子。前後語意是「因此，體育活動對社會有重大影響」，適合使用表示「因此、據此」的 Accordingly。
選項分析
第 13 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV.
The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. ____, athletic endeavors have a tremendous economic, political, and cultural influence on our society. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help ____ city-, state-, and national identity. Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports—these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations has ____ them a human right: Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian development and peace-building efforts.
核心觀念
本題考字義與上下文判讀。空格所在句為：「Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident...」，意思是「運動對文化的＿＿影響尤其明顯」。要選能描述運動如何影響文化的形容詞。
解題方法
先看空格後的名詞 effect（影響），再讀後文：即使不喜歡運動的人，也可能知道知名選手的名字，或因奧運獎牌而感到國家自豪。這些例子說明運動會形塑人們對文化與身分認同的理解，因此應選表示「形塑、形成」的字。
選項分析
- (A) frame：正確。 作動詞時有「塑造、形成」之意。frame an effect on culture 在此題語境中指運動形塑文化；
第 14 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV.
The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. ____, athletic endeavors have a tremendous economic, political, and cultural influence on our society. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help ____ city-, state-, and national identity. Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports—these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations has ____ them a human right: Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian development and peace-building efforts.
核心觀念
本題考英文形容詞的語意與固定搭配。句子中的 immense effect on culture 表示「對文化有極大的影響」，須選能形容影響程度很大的形容詞。
解題方法
先看空格後的 effect on culture（對文化的影響），再結合前文提到體育對經濟、政治與文化都有影響，以及後文所述「即使不看或不參與運動的人，也知道知名選手並為奧運獎牌感到自豪」。這些內容都在說明體育影響力深遠，因此空格應填「巨大的」。
選項分析
- (A) immense：巨大的、極大的。immense effect 是自然搭配，符合本文強調體育對文化影響深遠的語意，正確。
- (B) illegitimate：非法的、不正當的。
第 15 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
At no other time in history have sports played such a dominant role in daily life. Thanks to the ____ of the Internet and television, adults and children alike consume sports at an astonishing rate. When we are not physically involved in sports, we play them via video games or in fantasy leagues, and we watch them on TV.
The celebrity status of top athletes speaks to the importance we attach to sporting events. ____, athletic endeavors have a tremendous economic, political, and cultural influence on our society. Hosting sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. Sports in society can even influence our understanding of gender roles and socio-economic issues, and they can help ____ city-, state-, and national identity. Sports’ ____ effect on culture is especially evident among those who may not enjoy playing or watching sports—these people often still know the names of key players, and they may still take national pride in Olympic medals. In fact, sports in society are so vital that the United Nations has ____ them a human right: Sport and play are human rights that must be respected and enforced worldwide; sport has been increasingly recognized and used as a low-cost and high-impact tool in humanitarian development and peace-building efforts.
核心觀念
本題考「動詞與受詞的搭配」及上下文語意。句末片語 a human right 表示「一項人權」，空格所在句型為：
the United Nations has ____ them a human right 聯合國已將它們____為一項人權
依句意，聯合國是把運動與遊戲宣告為人權，因此應選表示「宣告、宣布」的 declared。
解題方法
先抓受詞與補語的關係：them 指前文的 sports，後接 a human right，說明運動被賦予何種身分。全句要表達的是聯合國正式承認運動與遊戲具有人權地位。
常見句型是 declare A (to be) B，意為「宣布／宣告 A 為 B」。此處可理解為 declared them a human right，即「宣告運動與遊戲為一項人權」。
選項分析
第 16 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
The incredible thing about television is that characters have the potential to be represented in a million different ways. Unfortunately, producers tend to stick to the same few archetypes and tropes. Nearly every show about high schoolers includes a tough jock or a rebellious bad boy. As such, it is no surprise that television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
One of the most obvious and frankly painful depictions of intelligence is the socially awkward genius. In spite of their high IQs and brilliant minds, these characters have trouble understanding jokes and other social cues. For instance, nearly every character in “The Big Bang Theory” acts this way. Most of the show’s humor comes from the contrast between the awkwardness of the brilliant physicists like Sheldon and Leonard, and the “normal” people like Penny, the waitress who lives across the hall.
Another kind of intelligent character is the one whose abilities are limited to helping the protagonist. We thus can see that in the show “Arrow,” Felicity Smoak is a computer whiz who worked as an IT girl for superhero Oliver Queen’s company before joining “Team Arrow” as a hacker. She could do anything from finding shortcuts during a car chase to sending a greedy criminal’s illegally-earned income to a charity as a twisted form of blackmail—all from the comfort of her computer screen. However, when she wasn’t busy saving the world, she was reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest.
The final type of smart character is the one that is constantly picked on. In a high school scenario, it’s the nerdy kid who gets shoved into lockers and made fun of. The show “Glee” created an entire series based on this idea. Even after the glee club won awards and competitions, it was still met with resentment from the majority of the student body. Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
The fact is, smart people aren’t as unique as television makes them out to be. They should not be marveled at like zoo animals or be used as an easy target. Additionally, the characters who are presented in the media shouldn’t have their intelligence be their defining characteristic. Although television has come a long way in normalizing intelligence, there is still more ground to be gained in creating characters that are complex and interesting—not just smart.
Which of the following patterns of organization does the author most likely use when developing this passage?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀中的「文章組織方式」（patterns of organization），重點在於辨認作者如何安排論點與例證。
「Generalization and example」指：
- 先提出概括性的主張、分類或觀察。
- 再以具體人物、作品、事件作為例子，說明或支持前述概括。
判斷文章組織方式時，應觀察全文主要架構，而非只看其中一兩句使用的修辭。
解題方法
本文第一段先提出總論：
television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
意即：電視作品在描寫「聰明人」時，常遵循幾種固定模式與刻板印象。
接著第二段列出三種常見的聰明角色類型，並分別舉例說明：
-
社交笨拙的天才 以《The Big Bang Theory》中的 Sheldon、Leonard，以及 Penny 為例，說明高智商角色不擅長理解笑話與社交暗示。
-
能力只用來協助主角的聰明角色 以《Arrow》的 Felicity Smoak 為例，說明她具有高超的電腦能力，卻常被簡化為 Oliver Queen 的愛情對象。
-
經常遭受欺負的聰明角色 以《Glee》中的合唱團學生為例，說明聰明、努力的學生常被描寫成不酷、不得人緣，甚至受到其他學生排斥。
文章最後再提出整體性的評論：現實中的聰明人並不像電視所描寫的那麼特殊，媒體角色也不應只以「聰明」作為唯一性格特徵。
因此，全文的主要結構是「先概括提出幾種模式，再以影集與角色舉例說明」，符合 Generalization and example。
選項分析
(A) Simple listing（簡單列舉）
不選。
本文確實列出三種聰明角色類型，表面上具有列舉特徵；但作者並非只把三項並列呈現，而是先提出「電視描寫智慧人物有固定模式」的概括，再分別以《The Big Bang Theory》、《Arrow》與《Glee》加以具體說明。
第 17 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
The incredible thing about television is that characters have the potential to be represented in a million different ways. Unfortunately, producers tend to stick to the same few archetypes and tropes. Nearly every show about high schoolers includes a tough jock or a rebellious bad boy. As such, it is no surprise that television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
One of the most obvious and frankly painful depictions of intelligence is the socially awkward genius. In spite of their high IQs and brilliant minds, these characters have trouble understanding jokes and other social cues. For instance, nearly every character in “The Big Bang Theory” acts this way. Most of the show’s humor comes from the contrast between the awkwardness of the brilliant physicists like Sheldon and Leonard, and the “normal” people like Penny, the waitress who lives across the hall.
Another kind of intelligent character is the one whose abilities are limited to helping the protagonist. We thus can see that in the show “Arrow,” Felicity Smoak is a computer whiz who worked as an IT girl for superhero Oliver Queen’s company before joining “Team Arrow” as a hacker. She could do anything from finding shortcuts during a car chase to sending a greedy criminal’s illegally-earned income to a charity as a twisted form of blackmail—all from the comfort of her computer screen. However, when she wasn’t busy saving the world, she was reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest.
The final type of smart character is the one that is constantly picked on. In a high school scenario, it’s the nerdy kid who gets shoved into lockers and made fun of. The show “Glee” created an entire series based on this idea. Even after the glee club won awards and competitions, it was still met with resentment from the majority of the student body. Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
The fact is, smart people aren’t as unique as television makes them out to be. They should not be marveled at like zoo animals or be used as an easy target. Additionally, the characters who are presented in the media shouldn’t have their intelligence be their defining characteristic. Although television has come a long way in normalizing intelligence, there is still more ground to be gained in creating characters that are complex and interesting—not just smart.
Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀理解中的「主旨與最佳標題判斷」。解題重點是掌握文章整體討論對象與作者主要觀點，而非只根據其中一段或單一例子作答。
本文主旨是：電視媒體經常以固定、刻板的方式描寫聰明人，例如「社交笨拙的天才」、只能協助主角的聰明角色，以及經常遭受欺負的書呆子；作者認為，電視應塑造更複雜、更立體的人物，而不應只把「聰明」作為角色的唯一特徵。
解題方法
判斷標題時，應先找出文章的核心名詞與主要評論對象：
- 全文反覆討論 television、characters、intelligence。
- 第二段列舉多部電視劇，說明聰明角色常見的三種刻板形象。
- 第三段提出作者的總結與批評：聰明人不應被過度神化、嘲弄，也不應只以智力作為人物特色。
- 因此，最佳標題應同時涵蓋「媒體／電視」與「智慧形象」兩個重點。
選項 Intelligence in the Media 意為「媒體中的智慧／智力」，涵蓋本文對電視如何呈現聰明人物的整體討論，範圍最合適。
文章重點整理
- 第一段：電視常使用固定的人物類型與套路，描寫智慧人物時也不例外。
- 第二段：介紹三種常見的聰明角色：
- 社交能力不佳的天才，如《The Big Bang Theory》中的 Sheldon 與 Leonard。
- 能力主要用來協助主角的角色，如《Arrow》中的 Felicity Smoak。
- 持續受到欺負或排斥的聰明學生，如《Glee》中的合唱團成員。
- 第三段：作者認為現實中的聰明人並不如電視呈現得那麼特殊；電視人物應具有更複雜的個性，而不能只以聰明作為唯一標籤。
選項分析
(A) Intelligence in the Media
第 18 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
The incredible thing about television is that characters have the potential to be represented in a million different ways. Unfortunately, producers tend to stick to the same few archetypes and tropes. Nearly every show about high schoolers includes a tough jock or a rebellious bad boy. As such, it is no surprise that television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
One of the most obvious and frankly painful depictions of intelligence is the socially awkward genius. In spite of their high IQs and brilliant minds, these characters have trouble understanding jokes and other social cues. For instance, nearly every character in “The Big Bang Theory” acts this way. Most of the show’s humor comes from the contrast between the awkwardness of the brilliant physicists like Sheldon and Leonard, and the “normal” people like Penny, the waitress who lives across the hall.
Another kind of intelligent character is the one whose abilities are limited to helping the protagonist. We thus can see that in the show “Arrow,” Felicity Smoak is a computer whiz who worked as an IT girl for superhero Oliver Queen’s company before joining “Team Arrow” as a hacker. She could do anything from finding shortcuts during a car chase to sending a greedy criminal’s illegally-earned income to a charity as a twisted form of blackmail—all from the comfort of her computer screen. However, when she wasn’t busy saving the world, she was reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest.
The final type of smart character is the one that is constantly picked on. In a high school scenario, it’s the nerdy kid who gets shoved into lockers and made fun of. The show “Glee” created an entire series based on this idea. Even after the glee club won awards and competitions, it was still met with resentment from the majority of the student body. Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
The fact is, smart people aren’t as unique as television makes them out to be. They should not be marveled at like zoo animals or be used as an easy target. Additionally, the characters who are presented in the media shouldn’t have their intelligence be their defining characteristic. Although television has come a long way in normalizing intelligence, there is still more ground to be gained in creating characters that are complex and interesting—not just smart.
According to the passage, which of the following statements about the TV character is NOT true?
核心觀念
本題為英文閱讀理解，考查：
- 找出文章對電視劇中「聰明角色」的主要分類與描述。
- 判斷選項是否符合文章內容。
- 題目問的是 NOT true，因此要選出「文章沒有支持，或與文章意思相反」的敘述。
文章指出，電視劇常以固定原型描寫聰明人物，常見類型包括：
- 社交能力欠佳、但智商很高的天才。
- 能力主要用來協助主角的聰明角色。
- 經常被欺負、嘲笑的聰明學生。
文章最後批評，聰明不應成為角色唯一的特徵，電視劇仍應塑造更複雜、有趣的人物。
解題方法
本題採「選項逐一回文定位」的方法。先確認題目要求，再將各選項與文章中的關鍵句比對：
- 「easy target」對應文章中的 “constantly picked on” 及 “easy target”。
- 「stereotyping」對應文章開頭的 “archetypes and tropes” 以及 “patterns and stereotypes”。
- 「help to the leading character」對應 “limited to helping the protagonist”。
- 「funny and complex」則須檢查文章是否真的表示聰明角色通常同時具有這兩項特質。
文章並未說聰明角色通常「既幽默又複雜」，反而批評媒體常把聰明當成角色的主要甚至唯一特徵。因此，答案為 D。
選項分析
(A) A clever person is usually used as an easy target.
正確。文章提到，聰明角色常是 “constantly picked on”，例如高中裡的書呆子學生會被推進置物櫃、遭到嘲笑。文章最後也明確指出，聰明人不應被拿來當作 “an easy target”。
因此，本選項符合文章所描述的電視劇刻板模式。
(B) Character stereotyping is a common phenomenon.
正確。文章一開始指出，製作人傾向反覆使用相同的 “archetypes and tropes”，並且說電視劇在描寫智慧時也遵循一些 “patterns and stereotypes”。
第 19 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
The incredible thing about television is that characters have the potential to be represented in a million different ways. Unfortunately, producers tend to stick to the same few archetypes and tropes. Nearly every show about high schoolers includes a tough jock or a rebellious bad boy. As such, it is no surprise that television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
One of the most obvious and frankly painful depictions of intelligence is the socially awkward genius. In spite of their high IQs and brilliant minds, these characters have trouble understanding jokes and other social cues. For instance, nearly every character in “The Big Bang Theory” acts this way. Most of the show’s humor comes from the contrast between the awkwardness of the brilliant physicists like Sheldon and Leonard, and the “normal” people like Penny, the waitress who lives across the hall.
Another kind of intelligent character is the one whose abilities are limited to helping the protagonist. We thus can see that in the show “Arrow,” Felicity Smoak is a computer whiz who worked as an IT girl for superhero Oliver Queen’s company before joining “Team Arrow” as a hacker. She could do anything from finding shortcuts during a car chase to sending a greedy criminal’s illegally-earned income to a charity as a twisted form of blackmail—all from the comfort of her computer screen. However, when she wasn’t busy saving the world, she was reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest.
The final type of smart character is the one that is constantly picked on. In a high school scenario, it’s the nerdy kid who gets shoved into lockers and made fun of. The show “Glee” created an entire series based on this idea. Even after the glee club won awards and competitions, it was still met with resentment from the majority of the student body. Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
The fact is, smart people aren’t as unique as television makes them out to be. They should not be marveled at like zoo animals or be used as an easy target. Additionally, the characters who are presented in the media shouldn’t have their intelligence be their defining characteristic. Although television has come a long way in normalizing intelligence, there is still more ground to be gained in creating characters that are complex and interesting—not just smart.
According to the passage, why were the students in the glee club still met with resentment from the majority of the student body even after they won awards and competitions?
核心觀念
本題考查閱讀理解，重點是辨認文章對合唱社學生（glee club students）遭受同學怨懟的原因。作答時應回到題幹對應段落，找出原因與選項的同義改寫。
解題方法
題目問：合唱社學生贏得獎項和比賽後，為什麼仍遭到多數學生怨懟？
關鍵句是：
Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
意思是：「雖然觀眾希望合唱社學生成功，劇中一貫呈現的主題卻是：聰明又努力的學生，並非酷、受歡迎的那群人。」這正對應選項 C 的「不被認為受歡迎，也不表現得酷」。
選項分析
- (A) They don’t have high IQs and brilliant minds. 錯。文章將「高智商、聰明」用來描述另一種角色類型，並未說合唱社學生缺乏高智商或聰明才智。
第 20 題1 分
【題組共用題幹】
The incredible thing about television is that characters have the potential to be represented in a million different ways. Unfortunately, producers tend to stick to the same few archetypes and tropes. Nearly every show about high schoolers includes a tough jock or a rebellious bad boy. As such, it is no surprise that television follows a few patterns and stereotypes when it comes to portraying intelligence.
One of the most obvious and frankly painful depictions of intelligence is the socially awkward genius. In spite of their high IQs and brilliant minds, these characters have trouble understanding jokes and other social cues. For instance, nearly every character in “The Big Bang Theory” acts this way. Most of the show’s humor comes from the contrast between the awkwardness of the brilliant physicists like Sheldon and Leonard, and the “normal” people like Penny, the waitress who lives across the hall.
Another kind of intelligent character is the one whose abilities are limited to helping the protagonist. We thus can see that in the show “Arrow,” Felicity Smoak is a computer whiz who worked as an IT girl for superhero Oliver Queen’s company before joining “Team Arrow” as a hacker. She could do anything from finding shortcuts during a car chase to sending a greedy criminal’s illegally-earned income to a charity as a twisted form of blackmail—all from the comfort of her computer screen. However, when she wasn’t busy saving the world, she was reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest.
The final type of smart character is the one that is constantly picked on. In a high school scenario, it’s the nerdy kid who gets shoved into lockers and made fun of. The show “Glee” created an entire series based on this idea. Even after the glee club won awards and competitions, it was still met with resentment from the majority of the student body. Although the audience wanted the students in the glee club to succeed, the prevailing theme throughout the show was that the kids who were smart and hard-working were not the ones who were cool and popular.
The fact is, smart people aren’t as unique as television makes them out to be. They should not be marveled at like zoo animals or be used as an easy target. Additionally, the characters who are presented in the media shouldn’t have their intelligence be their defining characteristic. Although television has come a long way in normalizing intelligence, there is still more ground to be gained in creating characters that are complex and interesting—not just smart.
Which of the following can best describe the tone the author creates?
核心觀念
本題考查英文閱讀中的「作者語氣（tone）」判斷。解題重點不是只看單一情緒字，而是觀察作者對文章主題的整體態度，以及遣詞用字和論述方向。
本文討論電視劇如何刻板化描寫聰明人物，列舉三種常見形象：
- 社交笨拙的天才；
- 只負責協助主角的聰明角色；
- 經常遭受欺負的書呆子。
作者認為這些描寫過於公式化，且不應把「聰明」當成人物唯一的性格特徵。文章最後主張，媒體應塑造更複雜、更有趣的人物。因此，全文主要是在「分析並批評」電視劇對智慧人物的刻板呈現。
解題方法
判斷語氣時，可從三個面向切入：
- 作者批評的對象是什麼；
- 作者使用哪些帶有評價色彩的字詞；
- 作者是否提出理性分析，或以強烈情緒、嘲諷、鄙視為主。
本文出現：
- “Unfortunately”：指出現況令人遺憾；
- “obvious and frankly painful depictions”：認為某些描寫明顯且令人難受；
- “reduced to little more than Oliver Queen’s love interest”：批評 Felicity 的角色功能被侷限；
- “not just smart”：主張人物不應只以聰明作為定義。
這些內容明確表示作者對電視劇慣用套路提出負面評價，但文章仍以舉例、分析和說理為主，並未以激烈憤怒、嘲弄或鄙視的方式表達。因此最適合的語氣是「批判的（Critical）」。
選項分析
(A) Critical. 批判的——正確
“Critical” 指對某種現象進行分析、指出缺點或提出質疑。
本文逐一檢視電視劇塑造聰明人物的常見模式，指出這些角色往往被簡化成：
- 不善社交的天才；
- 只為主角提供支援的工具人；
- 被同學欺負的書呆子。
作者並進一步批評媒體不應把人物的智力當成唯一特徵，應創造更立體、複雜的人物。全文具有明確的評論與批判立場，因此選擇本項。