110 國安局特考三等 情報組(選試英文) 外國文(英文) 考古題詳解

英譯中：

As either an individual or a group, we have more or less encountered some negative episodes in our life journey that may hurt us significantly. Frequently, we are thus advised to refer to forgiveness to put ourselves to be at ease. Although limited and problematic, forgiveness is a definitely indispensable option for promoting intercultural understanding and reconciliation. Forgiveness is more than a simple rite of religious correctness; it requires a much deeper intellectual and emotional commitment during moments of great pain. It also requires a letting go, a moving on, a true transformation of spirit.

中譯英：

在 21 世紀二零年代的今天，世界上仍然有著各種不同的衝突，包括了感情的、利益的、價值的、認知的、目標的，以及區域安全等的衝突。除非人類決定要訴諸戰爭或暴力來解決衝突，不然的話，和平對話是唯一的替代方案。而和平對話與一般會談不同，它必須建立在真正的公平、對等、尊嚴、互信與互惠之上。先要闡明事實，而不是強制說服，然後擱置主觀意識形態，凝聚客觀共識，為未來簽訂具體的和平協議鋪路。

英文作文：

Viewing the sudden surge in case numbers of Taiwan’s COVID-19 situation—approximately 200–300 per day over the past few days in late May 2021—the Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC) decided to raise the pandemic alert for Taipei City and New Taipei City to Level 3. In response to such circumstances, write an English essay in NO MORE THAN 200 words to express your “self-reflections” during the seemingly worsening COVID-19 pandemic in terms of both the physical and spiritual impacts.

Keeping tenants safe is the top priority for ____ and building owners.

After several decades caught in scientific backwaters, gene therapy has entered a golden age, as scientists have recently ____ its components and applications.

A recent large-scale study ____ that those with higher body fat levels tend to show differences in brain structure.

The landline still ____ in communications, but with online calling services and virtual phone numbers, its slow death is all but certain.

She finally had her two ____ teeth removed from her jaws to get rid of the pain.

Long ago I learned that, as a waiter in private clubs, I could ____ economic flux by the tips people gave.

The government ____ many doctors to move from the cities to the rural areas by paying them better salaries.

Many candidates believe that the public is so ____ that they can win numerous votes by making empty campaign promises.

An ____ is a mutation, or genetic change, that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive in its environment.

If you ____ the latter with the earlier edition, you will find that many parts in this book have been rewritten.

Powerful search engines, such as Google and Yahoo, can assist users to expeditiously ____, find and utilize online resources.

Most of the American poet Emily Dickinson’s writing was published ____ because she was shy and didn’t seek public attention during her lifetime.

With fewer legs than millipedes, the ____ similar-looking centipedes are meat eaters.

The concept of owning land, of holding ____ to property, arrived with the Spanish colonizers.

Egyptian use of iconic signs has led experts to view hieroglyphics as a genre of ____ art.

A man ____ approaches a friend, surprising him by grabbing his arms.

Excessive sun ____ causes early wrinkling and sagging of the skin.

Baggy eyes are sometimes ____ from parents and can also be the result of health issues.

Technology may facilitate the police to file investigative reports as long as the essential elements to producing a valid document are not ____.

The decision for the company to move to another country is ____ and about 3000 jobs are at stake.

【題組共用題幹】

Shingles is a painful skin rash. It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems because of stress, injury, certain medicines, or other reasons. Most people who get shingles will get better and will not get it again. But it is possible to get shingles more than once.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body. After you get better from chickenpox, the virus “sleeps” in your nerve roots. In some people, it stays ____ forever. In others, the virus “wakes up” when disease, stress, aging, or some medications weaken the immune system. It is not clear why this happens. But after the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

Usually, one can’t catch shingles from someone else who has shingles. But there is a small chance that a person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person. If you have shingles, avoid close contact with people until after the rash blisters heal.

Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems.

【題組共用題幹】

Shingles is a painful skin rash. It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems because of stress, injury, certain medicines, or other reasons. Most people who get shingles will get better and will not get it again. But it is possible to get shingles more than once.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body. After you get better from chickenpox, the virus “sleeps” in your nerve roots. In some people, it stays ____ forever. In others, the virus “wakes up” when disease, stress, aging, or some medications weaken the immune system. It is not clear why this happens. But after the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

Usually, one can’t catch shingles from someone else who has shingles. But there is a small chance that a person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person. If you have shingles, avoid close contact with people until after the rash blisters heal.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body.

【題組共用題幹】

Shingles is a painful skin rash. It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems because of stress, injury, certain medicines, or other reasons. Most people who get shingles will get better and will not get it again. But it is possible to get shingles more than once.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body. After you get better from chickenpox, the virus “sleeps” in your nerve roots. In some people, it stays ____ forever. In others, the virus “wakes up” when disease, stress, aging, or some medications weaken the immune system. It is not clear why this happens. But after the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

Usually, one can’t catch shingles from someone else who has shingles. But there is a small chance that a person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person. If you have shingles, avoid close contact with people until after the rash blisters heal.

In some people, the virus stays ____ forever.

【題組共用題幹】

Shingles is a painful skin rash. It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems because of stress, injury, certain medicines, or other reasons. Most people who get shingles will get better and will not get it again. But it is possible to get shingles more than once.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body. After you get better from chickenpox, the virus “sleeps” in your nerve roots. In some people, it stays ____ forever. In others, the virus “wakes up” when disease, stress, aging, or some medications weaken the immune system. It is not clear why this happens. But after the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

Usually, one can’t catch shingles from someone else who has shingles. But there is a small chance that a person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person. If you have shingles, avoid close contact with people until after the rash blisters heal.

After the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

【題組共用題幹】

Shingles is a painful skin rash. It is caused by the varicella zoster virus. Shingles usually appears in a band, a strip, or a small area on one side of the face or body. Shingles is most common ____ older adults and people who have weak immune systems because of stress, injury, certain medicines, or other reasons. Most people who get shingles will get better and will not get it again. But it is possible to get shingles more than once.

Shingles occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox to ____ up again in your body. After you get better from chickenpox, the virus “sleeps” in your nerve roots. In some people, it stays ____ forever. In others, the virus “wakes up” when disease, stress, aging, or some medications weaken the immune system. It is not clear why this happens. But after the virus becomes ____ again, it can only cause shingles, not chickenpox.

Usually, one can’t catch shingles from someone else who has shingles. But there is a small chance that a person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person. If you have shingles, avoid close contact with people until after the rash blisters heal.

A person with a shingles rash can ____ the virus to another person.

【題組共用題幹】

A cinema in New Zealand has imposed a restriction banning people from wearing pajamas and rubber rain boots to the theater for noticing an increasing ____ of film lovers turning up in pajamas recently. It decided to raise dress standard and announce the ban in a Facebook post saying, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas. It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.” Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____. But certainly, not everyone is happy with the new restriction about dress. Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers, and some even called the theater “fashion police.”

An increasing ____ of film lovers are turning up in pajamas recently.

【題組共用題幹】

A cinema in New Zealand has imposed a restriction banning people from wearing pajamas and rubber rain boots to the theater for noticing an increasing ____ of film lovers turning up in pajamas recently. It decided to raise dress standard and announce the ban in a Facebook post saying, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas. It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.” Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____. But certainly, not everyone is happy with the new restriction about dress. Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers, and some even called the theater “fashion police.”

The Facebook post says, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas.”

【題組共用題幹】

A cinema in New Zealand has imposed a restriction banning people from wearing pajamas and rubber rain boots to the theater for noticing an increasing ____ of film lovers turning up in pajamas recently. It decided to raise dress standard and announce the ban in a Facebook post saying, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas. It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.” Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____. But certainly, not everyone is happy with the new restriction about dress. Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers, and some even called the theater “fashion police.”

The Facebook post says, “It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.”

【題組共用題幹】

A cinema in New Zealand has imposed a restriction banning people from wearing pajamas and rubber rain boots to the theater for noticing an increasing ____ of film lovers turning up in pajamas recently. It decided to raise dress standard and announce the ban in a Facebook post saying, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas. It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.” Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____. But certainly, not everyone is happy with the new restriction about dress. Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers, and some even called the theater “fashion police.”

Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____.

【題組共用題幹】

A cinema in New Zealand has imposed a restriction banning people from wearing pajamas and rubber rain boots to the theater for noticing an increasing ____ of film lovers turning up in pajamas recently. It decided to raise dress standard and announce the ban in a Facebook post saying, “Just a friendly ____ that we have a dress code at Hawera Cinemas. It’s simple really, as long as you are ____ dressed and are wearing clean footwear you are good to go.” Many people positively agree with the new dress code, and even wouldn’t feel being offended ____. But certainly, not everyone is happy with the new restriction about dress. Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers, and some even called the theater “fashion police.”

Some argue that the cinema has no right to ____ the dress of customers.

【題組共用題幹】

Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think of ourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of the autonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices we make often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society to be a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual ____; we should ask instead what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veil of ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind a veil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so without reference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.

To be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself.

【題組共用題幹】

Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think of ourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of the autonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices we make often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society to be a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual ____; we should ask instead what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veil of ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind a veil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so without reference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.

Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense.

【題組共用題幹】

Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think of ourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of the autonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices we make often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society to be a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual ____; we should ask instead what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veil of ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind a veil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so without reference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.

We can’t base society on actual ____.

【題組共用題幹】

Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think of ourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of the autonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices we make often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society to be a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual ____; we should ask instead what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veil of ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind a veil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so without reference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.

We should ask what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages.

【題組共用題幹】

Against utilitarian and empiricist philosophers, Immanuel Kant argued that we must think of ourselves as more than a bundle of preferences and desires. To be free is to be autonomous, and to be autonomous is to be ____ by a law I give myself. John Rawls adapted Kant’s conception of the autonomous self and drew upon it in theory of justice. Like Kant, Rawls observed that the choices we make often show morally arbitrary contingencies. Someone’s choices to work in a sweatshop, for example, might ____ dire economic necessity, not free choice in any meaningful sense. So if we want society to be a voluntary arrangement, we can’t base it on actual ____; we should ask instead what principles of justice we would agree to if we ____ our particular interests and advantages, and choose behind a veil of ignorance. Kant’s idea of an autonomous will and Rawls’s idea of a hypothetical agreement behind a veil of ignorance have this in common: both conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments. When we wish the moral law or choose the principles of justice, we do so without reference to the roles and identities that situate us in the world and make us the particular people we are.

Both Kant and Rawls conceive the moral agent as ____ his or her particular aims and attachments.

【題組共用題幹】

Technological advancements offer a number of novel ways to communicate with others such as online chat, instant messaging, email, text messages, and social network sites, above and beyond existing channels of communication such as face-to-face contact, phone calls, and conventional mail. Given the plethora of social communication channels available, people often need to choose one channel over the others to communicate with others. A recent poll conducted by the Swedish furniture giant IKEA shows that 68% of the 12,000 respondents in 12 big cities around the world prefer communicating with other people online. The question is, why do some people prefer online communication over face-to-face interaction when communicating with their friends? Among a number of factors such as the content of the communication, the nature of the relationships involved, and geographic distances, individual differences, like social skills, have also been identified to be associated with preference for online communication. Social skills can be defined as one’s ability to interact with others in an appropriate way, and to offer complex, strategic self-presentations in response to a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues and social contexts. Since one major difference between online communication and face-to-face interaction lies in the diminished nonverbal cues, individuals with poor social skills may thus be attracted to online communication. With diminished nonverbal cues, online social communication is possibly much simpler and easier for them to handle. In addition, given the relative anonymity provided by online communication, individuals with poor social skills may have an opportunity to develop and present “online selves” that replace their real selves. This means online communication may also increase individuals’ ability to edit their social behavior and present themselves selectively before real or imagined friends.

Which of the following topics best describes this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Technological advancements offer a number of novel ways to communicate with others such as online chat, instant messaging, email, text messages, and social network sites, above and beyond existing channels of communication such as face-to-face contact, phone calls, and conventional mail. Given the plethora of social communication channels available, people often need to choose one channel over the others to communicate with others. A recent poll conducted by the Swedish furniture giant IKEA shows that 68% of the 12,000 respondents in 12 big cities around the world prefer communicating with other people online. The question is, why do some people prefer online communication over face-to-face interaction when communicating with their friends? Among a number of factors such as the content of the communication, the nature of the relationships involved, and geographic distances, individual differences, like social skills, have also been identified to be associated with preference for online communication. Social skills can be defined as one’s ability to interact with others in an appropriate way, and to offer complex, strategic self-presentations in response to a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues and social contexts. Since one major difference between online communication and face-to-face interaction lies in the diminished nonverbal cues, individuals with poor social skills may thus be attracted to online communication. With diminished nonverbal cues, online social communication is possibly much simpler and easier for them to handle. In addition, given the relative anonymity provided by online communication, individuals with poor social skills may have an opportunity to develop and present “online selves” that replace their real selves. This means online communication may also increase individuals’ ability to edit their social behavior and present themselves selectively before real or imagined friends.

According to the passage, what is the major feature of online communication that attracts someone with poor social skills to choose to present an “online self”?

【題組共用題幹】

Technological advancements offer a number of novel ways to communicate with others such as online chat, instant messaging, email, text messages, and social network sites, above and beyond existing channels of communication such as face-to-face contact, phone calls, and conventional mail. Given the plethora of social communication channels available, people often need to choose one channel over the others to communicate with others. A recent poll conducted by the Swedish furniture giant IKEA shows that 68% of the 12,000 respondents in 12 big cities around the world prefer communicating with other people online. The question is, why do some people prefer online communication over face-to-face interaction when communicating with their friends? Among a number of factors such as the content of the communication, the nature of the relationships involved, and geographic distances, individual differences, like social skills, have also been identified to be associated with preference for online communication. Social skills can be defined as one’s ability to interact with others in an appropriate way, and to offer complex, strategic self-presentations in response to a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues and social contexts. Since one major difference between online communication and face-to-face interaction lies in the diminished nonverbal cues, individuals with poor social skills may thus be attracted to online communication. With diminished nonverbal cues, online social communication is possibly much simpler and easier for them to handle. In addition, given the relative anonymity provided by online communication, individuals with poor social skills may have an opportunity to develop and present “online selves” that replace their real selves. This means online communication may also increase individuals’ ability to edit their social behavior and present themselves selectively before real or imagined friends.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Technological advancements offer a number of novel ways to communicate with others such as online chat, instant messaging, email, text messages, and social network sites, above and beyond existing channels of communication such as face-to-face contact, phone calls, and conventional mail. Given the plethora of social communication channels available, people often need to choose one channel over the others to communicate with others. A recent poll conducted by the Swedish furniture giant IKEA shows that 68% of the 12,000 respondents in 12 big cities around the world prefer communicating with other people online. The question is, why do some people prefer online communication over face-to-face interaction when communicating with their friends? Among a number of factors such as the content of the communication, the nature of the relationships involved, and geographic distances, individual differences, like social skills, have also been identified to be associated with preference for online communication. Social skills can be defined as one’s ability to interact with others in an appropriate way, and to offer complex, strategic self-presentations in response to a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues and social contexts. Since one major difference between online communication and face-to-face interaction lies in the diminished nonverbal cues, individuals with poor social skills may thus be attracted to online communication. With diminished nonverbal cues, online social communication is possibly much simpler and easier for them to handle. In addition, given the relative anonymity provided by online communication, individuals with poor social skills may have an opportunity to develop and present “online selves” that replace their real selves. This means online communication may also increase individuals’ ability to edit their social behavior and present themselves selectively before real or imagined friends.

Which of the following can best explain why certain people lacking social skills favor online communication?

【題組共用題幹】

Technological advancements offer a number of novel ways to communicate with others such as online chat, instant messaging, email, text messages, and social network sites, above and beyond existing channels of communication such as face-to-face contact, phone calls, and conventional mail. Given the plethora of social communication channels available, people often need to choose one channel over the others to communicate with others. A recent poll conducted by the Swedish furniture giant IKEA shows that 68% of the 12,000 respondents in 12 big cities around the world prefer communicating with other people online. The question is, why do some people prefer online communication over face-to-face interaction when communicating with their friends? Among a number of factors such as the content of the communication, the nature of the relationships involved, and geographic distances, individual differences, like social skills, have also been identified to be associated with preference for online communication. Social skills can be defined as one’s ability to interact with others in an appropriate way, and to offer complex, strategic self-presentations in response to a wide variety of verbal and nonverbal cues and social contexts. Since one major difference between online communication and face-to-face interaction lies in the diminished nonverbal cues, individuals with poor social skills may thus be attracted to online communication. With diminished nonverbal cues, online social communication is possibly much simpler and easier for them to handle. In addition, given the relative anonymity provided by online communication, individuals with poor social skills may have an opportunity to develop and present “online selves” that replace their real selves. This means online communication may also increase individuals’ ability to edit their social behavior and present themselves selectively before real or imagined friends.

Which of the following words is closest in meaning to “diminished”?