113 高普考普通考試 新聞（選試英文） 英文 考古題詳解

核心觀念

本題測驗英譯中，重點在於掌握句子主幹、比較句、抽象名詞的語意，以及條件句的邏輯。翻譯時應忠實呈現原意，同時調整語序，使中文自然通順。

解題方法

先依句號切分為四句，再辨認各句的主詞、動詞與補充說明：

1. Automobile accidents are as familiar as the common cold but far more deadly. 主幹是「車禍很常見，但致命得多」。$A$ is as familiar as $B$ 表示「A 和 B 一樣常見／熟悉」；$but far more deadly$ 省略了前面的比較結構，意為「但致命得多」。此處的 common cold 是「普通感冒」，以常見的感冒襯托車禍並不少見。

2. Yet their cause and control remain a serious problem, difficult to solve. Yet 表示轉折，可譯為「然而」；their 指前句的車禍。cause and control 指「成因與防治」，remain a serious problem 是「仍是嚴重的問題」，句尾 difficult to solve 補充說明這個問題難以解決。

3. Experts have long recognized that this discouraging problem has multiple causes. 主幹是「專家早已認識到……」。have long recognized 表示「早已認知／長期以來都知道」；this discouraging problem 承接前句，指車禍成因與防治這個令人沮喪的難題；multiple causes 是「多重成因」。

4. At the very least, it is a “driver-vehicle-roadway” problem. If all drivers exercised good judgment at all times, there would be few accidents. At the very least 是「至少」；driver-vehicle-roadway problem 指問題涉及駕駛人、車輛及道路三方面。

核心觀念

本題考查中譯英的句構轉換、被動語態、現在完成式，以及科技與團隊合作相關詞彙。翻譯時要先掌握每句的主詞、動詞和修飾語，再依英文慣用語序組句。

解題方法

第一句的主詞是「推動人類進步的動力」，「很少來自於單一的個人天賦」表示來源有限，可用 rarely come from。其中「推動人類進步」可譯為 drive human progress。

第二句包含兩個已消失的舊式人物形象：「在地下室孤獨工作的發明家」及「孤立在象牙塔中的科學天才」。可用 inventors who worked alone... 和 scientific geniuses isolated... 表達。「業已消失」以現在完成式 have disappeared 呈現過去發生、結果延續至今的變化；「被……所取代」則用被動語態 have been replaced by...。取代者是「成群的專技研發人員」，可譯為 teams of specialized research and development personnel。

第三句的「總而言之」可用 In short；「建造現代文明」可用 building modern civilization，作為介系詞 in 的受詞；「重要因素」則譯為 an important factor。

參考譯文

In today’s world, the forces that drive human progress rarely come from individual talent alone.

The inventors who worked alone in basements and the scientific geniuses isolated in ivory towers have disappeared. They have been replaced by teams of specialized research and development personnel working in air-conditioned, high-tech buildings.

核心觀念

題目要求針對諺語 “Honesty is the best policy.”（誠實是上策）表明同意或不同意，並以理由和具體例子支持立場。作答重點是立場明確、論點有因果關係、例子能證明論點，並控制在 250 至 300 字。這是英文作文題，沒有固定標準答案；只要論證合理、語言通順且符合字數要求，即可成立。

解題方法

採用「立場—理由—例子—結論」的四段式架構，選擇同意此諺語，並從信任與長期後果兩個角度發展：

1. 引言：改寫題意，清楚表明同意。
2. 理由一：誠實能建立信任；以學生坦承作業錯誤為例。
3. 理由二：說謊可能帶來短期好處，卻會造成更大的長期代價；以職場主動承認失誤為例。
4. 結論：重申誠實的重要，並補充誠實應搭配負責任的態度。

下列範文共 267 字（以空格分隔的英文單字計算），符合題目規定。

參考範文

The saying “Honesty is the best policy” may sound simple, but it offers practical guidance for daily life. I agree with it because honesty builds trust and helps people deal with mistakes before they grow into serious problems.

First, honest communication makes relationships stronger. For example, imagine a student who accidentally damages a classmate’s book. The student could hide the damage and hope nobody notices. However, admitting the mistake and offering to replace the book shows respect. The classmate may feel disappointed, but is more likely to trust someone who takes responsibility than someone who lies. In this way, honesty can protect a friendship even when the truth is uncomfortable.