114 高普考普通考試 新聞（選試英文） 英文 考古題詳解
第 一 題30 分
英譯中：請將下段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文（30 分）
Taiwan is grappling with a significant demographic challenge: a persistently low birth rate. The government has implemented several measures to address this issue. Financial incentives include subsidies for childbirth and childcare, aiming to alleviate the economic burden on families. Housing policies have been adjusted to provide more affordable options for young couples, and efforts are underway to improve work-life balance, making it easier for parents to raise children. Despite these initiatives, reversing the declining birth rate remains challenging.
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核心觀念
本題測驗英譯中的基本能力：掌握句意與段落邏輯，準確翻譯人口、政府措施及政策成效相關詞彙，並以符合台灣中文習慣的語序表達。翻譯時不宜逐字硬譯，應保留原文資訊與語氣。
解題方法
先辨認段落主旨：台灣面臨低出生率問題，政府採取多項措施因應，但要扭轉出生率下滑仍不容易。再依「問題—措施—成效限制」的順序，分句處理：
- Taiwan is grappling with a significant demographic challenge：
grapple with指「面臨並努力處理」；demographic challenge是「人口方面的挑戰」。 - a persistently low birth rate：
persistently表示情況持續不變，譯作「持續偏低的出生率」。 - The government has implemented several measures to address this issue.：
implement measures為「採取／推行措施」；address an issue是「因應問題」。 - Financial incentives include subsidies for childbirth and childcare：
financial incentives指「財務補助措施」；subsidies for childbirth and childcare可譯為「生育及育兒補助」。 - aiming to alleviate the economic burden on families：說明補助目的，譯為「以減輕家庭的經濟負擔」。
- Housing policies have been adjusted to provide more affordable options for young couples：
affordable options是「負擔得起的選擇」；依中文語感可譯為「更可負擔的居住選擇」。
第 二 題30 分
中譯英：請將下段中文譯成正確、流暢的英文（30 分）
在公共資源有限、社會對政府期待又高的情況下，設立一個「政府效能部門」（Department of Government Efficiency），將有助於提升政府施政的成效、透明度與問責機制，成為推動行政革新的關鍵力量。這個部門可以針對各項政策的成本效益、透明度與問責性進行專業評估，提供具體可行的建議，優化行政流程，並確保政策執行具有成本效益。特別是在大型民主國家，經常會遇到制度僵化、部會溝通不順或資源錯置等問題，設立這樣的部門更顯得必要。
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核心觀念
本題測驗中譯英，重點在於掌握長句的邏輯層次，並將「政府效能、成本效益、透明度、問責機制、行政革新」等公共行政用語譯得自然、準確。原文先說明設立部門的背景與效益，再交代部門的職責，最後指出大型民主國家的設立必要性。
解題方法
先依語意切分為三句，再安排英文句型：
- 背景與效益：「在……情況下」可用 Given ... 引出背景；「將有助於」譯為 would help，後接提升政府施政成效、透明度與問責機制，並推動行政革新。
- 部門職責：以 This department could ... 為主幹，依序列出評估、提出建議、優化流程與確保政策執行符合成本效益。
- 設立必要性：「特別是在……」可用 This department is especially necessary in ...；列舉制度僵化、部會溝通不順、資源錯置等問題，並以 such as 引出例子。
翻譯時，中文的「問責機制」與「問責性」可依語境分別使用 accountability mechanisms 與 accountability；「成本效益」可譯為 cost-effectiveness，表示以合理成本達成政策目標。
參考譯文
Given limited public resources and high public expectations of government, establishing a Department of Government Efficiency would help improve the effectiveness, transparency, and accountability of government operations, making it a key force for administrative reform. The department could conduct professional assessments of the cost-effectiveness, transparency, and accountability of various policies; provide specific and feasible recommendations; streamline administrative procedures; and ensure that policies are implemented cost-effectively. The need for such a department is especially evident in large democracies, where problems such as rigid institutions, poor coordination among ministries and agencies, and m
第 三 題40 分
英文作文：請根據說明寫一篇約 250～300 字的英文作文（40 分）
近幾十年來，職業運動員的薪資，特別是在如 NBA 等主要聯盟中的球員，大幅上升。有些運動員每年透過合約、代言與媒體曝光可賺取數千萬美元。相比之下，像是教師、醫生和急難救助人員等重要職業，儘管對社會貢獻重大，薪資卻往往相對微薄。這種懸殊的差距引發了關於「運動員的收入是否過高、與其對社會的貢獻不成比例」的爭論。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Professional athletes, such as NBA players, are paid too much money compared to other important professions like teachers, doctors, and emergency rescuers.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
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核心觀念
這題考英文議論文寫作：針對「職業運動員的薪資是否高得不合理」表明立場，並以具體理由和例子支持。評分重點包括立場清楚、論點連貫、例證具體，以及文法與用字正確。沒有唯一正解；同意或不同意都可以，關鍵是全文立場一致、論證充分。
解題方法
可採用「引言表態—兩段論證—結論重申」的架構，控制在 250 至 300 字。範文採取「不同意」的立場，從市場收入、職業風險與社會價值三個角度說明：
- 職業運動員的收入與比賽、轉播及贊助所創造的商業價值有關。
- 運動員職涯短、受傷風險高，薪資反映其專業訓練與有限的工作年限。
- 教師、醫生和急難救助人員同樣重要，但薪資制度與市場需求不同；肯定運動員的薪資，不代表其他職業不值得提高待遇。
範文（約 270 字）
Are Professional Athletes Paid Too Much?
Professional athletes often earn salaries that seem enormous beside the pay of teachers, doctors, and emergency rescuers. Although this contrast raises a reasonable concern, I disagree that athletes are paid too much. Their compensation reflects both the value they create in the market and the unusual demands of their careers.
First, professional sports attract millions of viewers. Fans buy tickets and team merchandise, while broadcasters and sponsors pay large sums to reach those audiences. NBA players are not paid only for the minutes they spend on the court; they also help generate revenue for teams and businesses. When a player’s performance draws viewers and strengthens a team’s brand, a high salary can be understood as a share of the income that the player helps produce.