109 移民特考三等 移民行政(選試日文） 外國文（日文兼試移民專業英文） 考古題詳解

次の日本語を中国語に訳しなさい。

(一) けんきゅうによって、おととし7月の日本のもうしょが、じんるいの活動による気候へんどうがなければほぼおきえなかったことがわかっている。気候へんどうが進めば、さらにきろくてきなもうしょとなるおそれがあるため、それを止める対策をみんなでかんがえなければならない。

(二) 2020年7月、かこ最多の22人が立候補した東京都知事せんきょは、げんしょくの小池百合子氏が、2回目のとうせんを果たした。小池氏は、新型コロナウイルスたいおうのため、知事としての公務をゆうせんするとしたほか、人がみっしゅうすることをさける必要があるとしてがいとう演説はいっさい行なわず、インターネットを通したせんきょ運動にてっした。

次の中国語を日本語に訳しなさい。漢字にふりがなを付けなさい。

(一) 請問：臺灣之所以成為外國人熱門的移民目的地之一，是因為居留、定居門檻低，而且擁有全民健保制度，在居留期間便可享有全民健保福利的關係嗎？

(二) 1922年在法國巴黎所成立的國際人權聯盟，於2019年10月21～25日在臺灣舉行了第40屆年會。此乃國際人權聯盟成立100年以來第一次在亞洲舉行年會。與會者共有來自100多個國家的近400位相關人士。蔡英文總統也出席並致詞。

作文（日文で350字以上400字以内で書きなさい。）

テーマ：テレワークの功罪

Global ____ refers to the ability of a workforce to move from one country to another and successfully settle down.

Most countries have made much effort in ____ human trafficking, and Taiwan is no exception.

When filling out the application form, please write ____ so the clerks can understand the written content.

A significant ____ of the demonstration taking place yesterday was the large number of participants.

This entry permit is only ____, valid for three months.

According to official statistics, immigrants ____ almost 14% of the U.S. population.

The results of a 2019 poll found that 81% of Americans supported a path to ____ for undocumented immigrants.

Successfully ____ travelers can use e-Gates in the major airports and seaports of Taiwan.

The action to ____ an existing ARC must be taken within 30 days prior to its expiration date.

In the eyes of the jury members, the explanation furnished by the defendant was ____ reasonable and logical.

In that community, the locals and the foreigners have a good relationship which is ____ supportive.

Recently, with the raging development of COVID-19, many countries have mandated new arrivals to be ____ for 14 days.

In a workplace, you should develop a good ____ with colleagues, and they will be willing to help you when needed.

People ____ may hold different views on various issues; that is why communication plays a key role in building understanding.

Some ____ of immigration argue that the freedom of movement both within and between countries is a basic human right.

The uneven development typical of our economic system means that the difference between the most ____ and the poorest countries is growing bigger all the time.

Competition from immigrants in a particular profession may ____ underemployment in that profession, but increase wages for other natives.

【題組共用題幹】

Failure: We all avoid it, and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress would be impossible. Indeed, the word success comes from the Latin succedere, meaning “to come after.” And what does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one cannot exist without the other.

Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depend on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the field of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals—mostly in medicine and conservation—have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from “negative” results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes.

In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn’t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company, the pharmaceutical corporation, has “R&D outcome celebrations”—failure parties—to study data about drugs that don’t work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.)

In fact, one of the business world’s most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest successes, in part because the product’s makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a hand-held device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn’t work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple’s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company’s most successful products.

The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it; if we want to succeed, we must also be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn’t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off.

Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. One truly cannot exist without the other.

What is the best way to summarize the reading passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Failure: We all avoid it, and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress would be impossible. Indeed, the word success comes from the Latin succedere, meaning “to come after.” And what does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one cannot exist without the other.

Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depend on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the field of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals—mostly in medicine and conservation—have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from “negative” results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes.

In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn’t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company, the pharmaceutical corporation, has “R&D outcome celebrations”—failure parties—to study data about drugs that don’t work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.)

In fact, one of the business world’s most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest successes, in part because the product’s makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a hand-held device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn’t work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple’s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company’s most successful products.

The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it; if we want to succeed, we must also be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn’t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off.

Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. One truly cannot exist without the other.

Why are some scientific journals starting to publish the results of failed experiments?

【題組共用題幹】

Failure: We all avoid it, and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress would be impossible. Indeed, the word success comes from the Latin succedere, meaning “to come after.” And what does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one cannot exist without the other.

Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depend on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the field of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals—mostly in medicine and conservation—have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from “negative” results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes.

In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn’t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company, the pharmaceutical corporation, has “R&D outcome celebrations”—failure parties—to study data about drugs that don’t work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.)

In fact, one of the business world’s most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest successes, in part because the product’s makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a hand-held device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn’t work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple’s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company’s most successful products.

The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it; if we want to succeed, we must also be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn’t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off.

Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. One truly cannot exist without the other.

Which advice would the author most likely agree with?