109 高普考高考三級 僑務行政(選試英文) 包括作文、翻譯與應用文 考古題詳解
第 翻譯（一） 題30 分
請將下列英文段落翻譯成中文。
Fallout from the coronavirus pandemic will shrink the size of the US economy by roughly $8 trillion over the next decade, according to new projections released by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on Monday.
In a letter to US lawmakers, the CBO said the US economy will grow by $7.9 trillion less from 2020 to 2030 than it had projected in January. That amounts to a 3 percent decline in US gross domestic product compared to its initial estimate.
The stark illustration of the pandemic’s potential economic impact comes one week after White House officials confirmed they would not release their own updated projections this summer in their annual “mid-session” budget review.
The pandemic will hamper US economic growth by reducing the amount of consumer spending and closing numerous businesses, the CBO said. Part of the impact will be mitigated by the more than $2 trillion the federal government has already approved in emergency spending for households and businesses.
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核心觀念
本題考英文段落中譯，重點在於掌握經濟與預算相關用語、數字比較關係，以及長句的資訊層次。翻譯時應保留原文的時間範圍、比較基準與因果關係，避免把預測值誤譯成已實現的結果。
解題方法
先按段落切分資訊，再確認句子主幹與修飾語：
- 第一段：預測結果與消息來源
主幹是「疫情衝擊將使美國經濟規模縮小約 8 兆美元」；
over the next decade表示「未來十年」，according to引出預測來源。 - 第二段：預測差距與比例 `grow by
第 翻譯（二） 題30 分
請將下列中文段落翻譯成英文。
日本不同行業的幾家公司都在加緊研發涼爽乾燥的口罩，以幫助人們應對即將到來的酷暑。為防止新冠病毒的傳播，日本民眾將繼續佩戴口罩。
在日本和世界其他地區，適合夏天使用的口罩需求正在增加。醫學專家警告人們在濕熱的季節戴口罩會帶來呼吸困難和脫水等風險。
以前從未生產過口罩的不同行業的公司都提出解決方案。他們憑藉自己的專業技能，推出了高科技降溫材料口罩以及可加入製冷劑的口罩等有趣產品。
美津濃公司（Mizuno Corp）在 5 月底開始銷售用柔軟可拉伸的經編針織材料製成的口罩，這種材料用於製作泳裝和田徑運動服裝。
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核心觀念
本題考查中譯英的語意掌握、句構安排與新聞英文表達，沒有法條或公式。翻譯時要保留原文的事實、時序與因果關係，並將中文長句拆成自然清楚的英文句子。關鍵用語包括「加緊研發」、「應對酷暑」、「呼吸困難」、「脫水」、「經編針織材料」等。
解題方法
先依段落脈絡整理資訊，再逐句翻譯：
- 研發口罩與防疫背景：各行業的公司加緊研發適合炎熱天氣的口罩；民眾為防止病毒傳播，仍會繼續戴口罩。
- 夏季口罩需求與健康風險：日本及其他地區需求增加；醫學專家提醒濕熱天氣下戴口罩可能造成呼吸困難與脫水。
- 跨業者提出產品方案：過去未生產口罩的公司運用本業專長，推出不同降溫設計。
- 美津濃的產品與材料：交代開始銷售的時間、口罩材質，以及該材質原先的用途。
英譯如下：
Companies in various industries in Japan are stepping up efforts to develop cool, breathable masks to help people cope with the sweltering heat ahead. To prevent the spread of the coronavirus, people in Japan will continue to wear masks.
Demand for masks suitable for summer use is growing in Japan and elsewhere around the world. Medical experts have warned people that wearing masks in hot and humid weather can pose risks such as breathing difficulties and dehydration.
Companies from various industries that had never produced masks before have come up with solutions. Drawing on their expertise, they have introduced interesting products, including masks made with high-tech cooling materials and masks that can be fitted with refrigerant packs.
Mizuno Corp. began selling masks made from a soft, stretchy warp-knit fabric at the end of May. The material is used to make swimsuits and athletic wear.
解題技巧
- **「加緊研發」**可用 step up efforts to develop，明確表達研發力度增加；develop 比逐字翻譯成較生硬的「研究發展」自然。
- **「涼爽乾燥的口罩」**可譯為 cool, breathable masks。此處的「乾燥」著重佩戴時通氣、不悶濕的效果；
第 英文作文 題40 分
請就下列主題撰寫一篇大約 300–350 字的文章。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Overall, the widespread use of the internet has a mostly positive effect on life in today’s world.
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核心觀念
本題是英文作文的立場論述題，考查考生能否清楚表達立場，並以具體理由與例子支持論點。題目中的 widespread use 指網路的普及使用，mostly positive effect 則要求衡量整體影響，而非主張網路毫無缺點。因此，文章可承認網路帶來的風險，再說明其正面效益為何仍占上風。
解題方法
採用五段式架構：引言表明立場、兩段分述主要優點、一段承認並回應缺點，最後重申立場。每個主體段落依「主張—說明—例子」展開，避免只列出優點或缺點，卻沒有解釋其影響。
以下範文主張網路整體利多於弊，理由是網路改善了資訊取得與溝通，也拓展了教育和工作機會；對資訊錯誤、隱私及沉迷等問題，則以使用者判斷和適當管理回應。
參考範文（約 320 字）
The widespread use of the internet has changed how people learn, work, and communicate. Although it brings problems such as misinformation and excessive screen time, I believe its overall effect on life today is mostly positive. Its benefits are too significant to overlook, especially in access to information and opportunities for connection and growth.
First, the internet makes information available quickly and conveniently. In the past, students often had to visit libraries or consult a small number of reference books to research a topic. Today, they can compare articles, watch lectures, and use online databases from home. This convenience is especially valuable for people who live far from schools or libraries. If users check reliable sources and compare different viewpoints, the internet can help them become more informed and independent learners.
Second, the internet enables people to communicate and cooperate across distance. Families separated by work or study can keep in touch through video calls. Workers can attend meetings online,