111 外交特考四等 外交行政人員行政組 英文 考古題詳解

英翻中： (一) When winter settles in and temperatures plunge, people turn to food to provide a little warmth and comfort. In recent years, an unconventional type of warmth has elbowed its way onto more menus: the bite of chili peppers. But the chili sensation also hurts. There's no obvious biological reason why humans should tolerate it, let alone seek it out and enjoy it. In fact, our love of spicy heat is the result of long-term conditioning since the invention of the cooking fire. (二) Scientists have invented a magical gadget that sucks the ink off printer paper so each sheet can be used ten times over. They aim to cut the amount of planet-heating carbon dioxide emissions from the paper and pulp industry by reducing the demand for office paper. The trick is a kind of specially coated paper, which stops ink from soaking into the page. A powerful laser then vaporizes the ink.

中翻英： (一) 採買祭祖拜拜用的食材，要看、聞、摸，挑選新鮮的。例如，魚要挑選眼睛透明及鱗片發亮緊緻的。挑豬肉時以偏紅色最佳，若肉呈現偏褐色或紫色，聞起來有異味，就代表是不新鮮或變質的肉品。蔬果類宜選購當季盛產的，避免腐敗異味、變軟或表皮出現褶皺的蔬果。 (二) 2020 年是臺灣綠電交易自由化元年，政府開放民間投資綠電，並可自由賣給台電以外的客戶後，蓋太陽能電廠、風電電廠的熱潮就此展開序幕。2050 年達淨零碳排已是政府宣示的目標，因此再生能源發電占比必須衝上 60～70%，然而根據能源局統計，2021 年臺灣再生能源供電比僅為 5.98%，臺灣的能源轉型要從去年的 6% 躍上 60%，還有很長的路要走。

We give a discount of 20% for people who renew their ____ to the magazine before the expiration dates.

John had never studied medicine, but he had rich ____ knowledge of it to give medical advice to his friends.

Many young people nowadays spend a large ____ of their income on the mortgage.

Burj Khalifa, at over 828 meters tall, is ____ as the tallest skyscraper in the world in 2019.

Patients with ____ diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, have to take medicine for years to control them.

Some highly ____ managers are eager to become rich and famous as soon as possible.

This educator's plan includes making four-year public college free because he thinks that higher education shouldn't just be a ____ for the wealthy.

Some people travel far ____ enjoy the warm weather and outdoor activities.

The young writer's first novel was an unexpected success. It won him international ____ and was translated into more than 30 languages.

She is a ____ student at school; she never skips classes though she has two part-time jobs.

【題組共用題幹】 It's early morning in the city of London, and the sun's illuminating Tower Bridge's turrets. Even just by sunlight ____ 11 ____, this famous bridge is immediately recognizable. Passersby jostle to use the walkway to get to work. Tourists ____ 12 ____ for photographs, stretching to get both towers in their selfie. If they stick ____ 13 ____ long enough, they'll see the bridge do its most famous trick, splitting in two to let ships pass by. London is famous for its curving River Thames, the singular tributary which weaves through the city center and into the countryside beyond, defining the landscape and splitting the city in two. ____ 14 ____ the dual halves of the city are a series of bridges, from the famous -- Tower Bridge, of course, and the Millennium Bridge, ____ 15 ____ of the "Harry Potter" movies -- to lesser known, local landmarks.

【題組共用題幹】 It's early morning in the city of London, and the sun's illuminating Tower Bridge's turrets. Even just by sunlight ____ 11 ____, this famous bridge is immediately recognizable. Passersby jostle to use the walkway to get to work. Tourists ____ 12 ____ for photographs, stretching to get both towers in their selfie. If they stick ____ 13 ____ long enough, they'll see the bridge do its most famous trick, splitting in two to let ships pass by. London is famous for its curving River Thames, the singular tributary which weaves through the city center and into the countryside beyond, defining the landscape and splitting the city in two. ____ 14 ____ the dual halves of the city are a series of bridges, from the famous -- Tower Bridge, of course, and the Millennium Bridge, ____ 15 ____ of the "Harry Potter" movies -- to lesser known, local landmarks.

【題組共用題幹】 It's early morning in the city of London, and the sun's illuminating Tower Bridge's turrets. Even just by sunlight ____ 11 ____, this famous bridge is immediately recognizable. Passersby jostle to use the walkway to get to work. Tourists ____ 12 ____ for photographs, stretching to get both towers in their selfie. If they stick ____ 13 ____ long enough, they'll see the bridge do its most famous trick, splitting in two to let ships pass by. London is famous for its curving River Thames, the singular tributary which weaves through the city center and into the countryside beyond, defining the landscape and splitting the city in two. ____ 14 ____ the dual halves of the city are a series of bridges, from the famous -- Tower Bridge, of course, and the Millennium Bridge, ____ 15 ____ of the "Harry Potter" movies -- to lesser known, local landmarks.

【題組共用題幹】 It's early morning in the city of London, and the sun's illuminating Tower Bridge's turrets. Even just by sunlight ____ 11 ____, this famous bridge is immediately recognizable. Passersby jostle to use the walkway to get to work. Tourists ____ 12 ____ for photographs, stretching to get both towers in their selfie. If they stick ____ 13 ____ long enough, they'll see the bridge do its most famous trick, splitting in two to let ships pass by. London is famous for its curving River Thames, the singular tributary which weaves through the city center and into the countryside beyond, defining the landscape and splitting the city in two. ____ 14 ____ the dual halves of the city are a series of bridges, from the famous -- Tower Bridge, of course, and the Millennium Bridge, ____ 15 ____ of the "Harry Potter" movies -- to lesser known, local landmarks.

【題組共用題幹】 It's early morning in the city of London, and the sun's illuminating Tower Bridge's turrets. Even just by sunlight ____ 11 ____, this famous bridge is immediately recognizable. Passersby jostle to use the walkway to get to work. Tourists ____ 12 ____ for photographs, stretching to get both towers in their selfie. If they stick ____ 13 ____ long enough, they'll see the bridge do its most famous trick, splitting in two to let ships pass by. London is famous for its curving River Thames, the singular tributary which weaves through the city center and into the countryside beyond, defining the landscape and splitting the city in two. ____ 14 ____ the dual halves of the city are a series of bridges, from the famous -- Tower Bridge, of course, and the Millennium Bridge, ____ 15 ____ of the "Harry Potter" movies -- to lesser known, local landmarks.

【題組共用題幹】 Scientists have discovered an interesting link between music and cheese. The creation of good cheese involves a complex dance between milk and bacteria. A new study shows that playing the right tune ____ 16 ____ this dance unfolds changes the final product's taste. A top Swiss cheese-maker and a team of researchers from Switzerland conducted a six-month test to look ____ 17 ____ the effect music had on the maturation process of Emmental cheese. After the cheese had matured, it was assessed by the researchers and a jury of ____ 18 ____ cheese experts. The researchers found that cheese that had been played hip-hop had a stronger aroma and flavor than the other ____ 19 ____. The cheese experts reached the same conclusion as the researchers - the hip-hop cheese was the tastiest. One possible explanation is that humidity, temperature or nutrients are probably not the only things that ____ 20 ____ taste. Sounds, ultrasounds or music can also have physical effects.

【題組共用題幹】 Scientists have discovered an interesting link between music and cheese. The creation of good cheese involves a complex dance between milk and bacteria. A new study shows that playing the right tune ____ 16 ____ this dance unfolds changes the final product's taste. A top Swiss cheese-maker and a team of researchers from Switzerland conducted a six-month test to look ____ 17 ____ the effect music had on the maturation process of Emmental cheese. After the cheese had matured, it was assessed by the researchers and a jury of ____ 18 ____ cheese experts. The researchers found that cheese that had been played hip-hop had a stronger aroma and flavor than the other ____ 19 ____. The cheese experts reached the same conclusion as the researchers - the hip-hop cheese was the tastiest. One possible explanation is that humidity, temperature or nutrients are probably not the only things that ____ 20 ____ taste. Sounds, ultrasounds or music can also have physical effects.

【題組共用題幹】 Scientists have discovered an interesting link between music and cheese. The creation of good cheese involves a complex dance between milk and bacteria. A new study shows that playing the right tune ____ 16 ____ this dance unfolds changes the final product's taste. A top Swiss cheese-maker and a team of researchers from Switzerland conducted a six-month test to look ____ 17 ____ the effect music had on the maturation process of Emmental cheese. After the cheese had matured, it was assessed by the researchers and a jury of ____ 18 ____ cheese experts. The researchers found that cheese that had been played hip-hop had a stronger aroma and flavor than the other ____ 19 ____. The cheese experts reached the same conclusion as the researchers - the hip-hop cheese was the tastiest. One possible explanation is that humidity, temperature or nutrients are probably not the only things that ____ 20 ____ taste. Sounds, ultrasounds or music can also have physical effects.

【題組共用題幹】 Scientists have discovered an interesting link between music and cheese. The creation of good cheese involves a complex dance between milk and bacteria. A new study shows that playing the right tune ____ 16 ____ this dance unfolds changes the final product's taste. A top Swiss cheese-maker and a team of researchers from Switzerland conducted a six-month test to look ____ 17 ____ the effect music had on the maturation process of Emmental cheese. After the cheese had matured, it was assessed by the researchers and a jury of ____ 18 ____ cheese experts. The researchers found that cheese that had been played hip-hop had a stronger aroma and flavor than the other ____ 19 ____. The cheese experts reached the same conclusion as the researchers - the hip-hop cheese was the tastiest. One possible explanation is that humidity, temperature or nutrients are probably not the only things that ____ 20 ____ taste. Sounds, ultrasounds or music can also have physical effects.

【題組共用題幹】 Scientists have discovered an interesting link between music and cheese. The creation of good cheese involves a complex dance between milk and bacteria. A new study shows that playing the right tune ____ 16 ____ this dance unfolds changes the final product's taste. A top Swiss cheese-maker and a team of researchers from Switzerland conducted a six-month test to look ____ 17 ____ the effect music had on the maturation process of Emmental cheese. After the cheese had matured, it was assessed by the researchers and a jury of ____ 18 ____ cheese experts. The researchers found that cheese that had been played hip-hop had a stronger aroma and flavor than the other ____ 19 ____. The cheese experts reached the same conclusion as the researchers - the hip-hop cheese was the tastiest. One possible explanation is that humidity, temperature or nutrients are probably not the only things that ____ 20 ____ taste. Sounds, ultrasounds or music can also have physical effects.

【題組共用題幹】 Do you have a "type"? Do you always find yourself with a certain type of partner? Whether we like it or not, most of us have a certain 'type' of person we usually date or are attracted to. It doesn't need to be physical. It might be something about their energy, the way they hold themselves or the way they command attention when they enter the room. Whatever it is, we find ourselves drawn to this 'type' of person. If you're lucky enough to go for the lovely person with a gentle soul 'type', then it's probably unlikely you care about the fact you have a 'type'. 'Type' awareness comes to our attention because nine out of the last ten relationships were really not that great! The reason why we wind up with the same 'type' or find ourselves in a familiar relationship dynamic dates back to our earliest relationships. As a young child, we developed defense mechanisms in order to help us cope with fear, pain or frustrating circumstances in our environment. These defenses were a key contributing factor to how we formed opinions of ourselves, others and relationships. Without realizing, we unconsciously seek out people whose behavior support these opinions and beliefs. If we have formed negative ideas about ourselves, for example "I'm unlovable" or "I'm unattractive," we seek out people who reinforce these unconscious beliefs, even if in reality we don't like it. So how do you stop yourself from falling for the usual 'type'? First, start from working out why you are attracted to your 'type'. Spend some time with yourself to try and discover your deep-seated beliefs that contributed to attracting your partners. When you invest time in exploring your early attachment patterns, you can start to identify some of the areas that lead you to develop a love for your 'type'. Next, look at your relationship history. What negative traits, patterns or similarities do all your ex-partners share? Make comparisons, but don't forget the more subtle emotional aspects. How did they treat you? How did they make you feel? Understanding what draws you to your 'type' takes some time. Rushing out to find a new, perfect partner that's the total opposite of your usual type isn't going to be the answer to your 'type' dilemma. Although this may be refreshing for a short period of time, it is unlikely to turn out to be a long-lasting relationship.

What does the word "type" mean in this passage?

【題組共用題幹】 Do you have a "type"? Do you always find yourself with a certain type of partner? Whether we like it or not, most of us have a certain 'type' of person we usually date or are attracted to. It doesn't need to be physical. It might be something about their energy, the way they hold themselves or the way they command attention when they enter the room. Whatever it is, we find ourselves drawn to this 'type' of person. If you're lucky enough to go for the lovely person with a gentle soul 'type', then it's probably unlikely you care about the fact you have a 'type'. 'Type' awareness comes to our attention because nine out of the last ten relationships were really not that great! The reason why we wind up with the same 'type' or find ourselves in a familiar relationship dynamic dates back to our earliest relationships. As a young child, we developed defense mechanisms in order to help us cope with fear, pain or frustrating circumstances in our environment. These defenses were a key contributing factor to how we formed opinions of ourselves, others and relationships. Without realizing, we unconsciously seek out people whose behavior support these opinions and beliefs. If we have formed negative ideas about ourselves, for example "I'm unlovable" or "I'm unattractive," we seek out people who reinforce these unconscious beliefs, even if in reality we don't like it. So how do you stop yourself from falling for the usual 'type'? First, start from working out why you are attracted to your 'type'. Spend some time with yourself to try and discover your deep-seated beliefs that contributed to attracting your partners. When you invest time in exploring your early attachment patterns, you can start to identify some of the areas that lead you to develop a love for your 'type'. Next, look at your relationship history. What negative traits, patterns or similarities do all your ex-partners share? Make comparisons, but don't forget the more subtle emotional aspects. How did they treat you? How did they make you feel? Understanding what draws you to your 'type' takes some time. Rushing out to find a new, perfect partner that's the total opposite of your usual type isn't going to be the answer to your 'type' dilemma. Although this may be refreshing for a short period of time, it is unlikely to turn out to be a long-lasting relationship.

Which of the following words is closest in meaning to "wind" in the second paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】 Do you have a "type"? Do you always find yourself with a certain type of partner? Whether we like it or not, most of us have a certain 'type' of person we usually date or are attracted to. It doesn't need to be physical. It might be something about their energy, the way they hold themselves or the way they command attention when they enter the room. Whatever it is, we find ourselves drawn to this 'type' of person. If you're lucky enough to go for the lovely person with a gentle soul 'type', then it's probably unlikely you care about the fact you have a 'type'. 'Type' awareness comes to our attention because nine out of the last ten relationships were really not that great! The reason why we wind up with the same 'type' or find ourselves in a familiar relationship dynamic dates back to our earliest relationships. As a young child, we developed defense mechanisms in order to help us cope with fear, pain or frustrating circumstances in our environment. These defenses were a key contributing factor to how we formed opinions of ourselves, others and relationships. Without realizing, we unconsciously seek out people whose behavior support these opinions and beliefs. If we have formed negative ideas about ourselves, for example "I'm unlovable" or "I'm unattractive," we seek out people who reinforce these unconscious beliefs, even if in reality we don't like it. So how do you stop yourself from falling for the usual 'type'? First, start from working out why you are attracted to your 'type'. Spend some time with yourself to try and discover your deep-seated beliefs that contributed to attracting your partners. When you invest time in exploring your early attachment patterns, you can start to identify some of the areas that lead you to develop a love for your 'type'. Next, look at your relationship history. What negative traits, patterns or similarities do all your ex-partners share? Make comparisons, but don't forget the more subtle emotional aspects. How did they treat you? How did they make you feel? Understanding what draws you to your 'type' takes some time. Rushing out to find a new, perfect partner that's the total opposite of your usual type isn't going to be the answer to your 'type' dilemma. Although this may be refreshing for a short period of time, it is unlikely to turn out to be a long-lasting relationship.

What is likely to be the source of this passage?

【題組共用題幹】 Do you have a "type"? Do you always find yourself with a certain type of partner? Whether we like it or not, most of us have a certain 'type' of person we usually date or are attracted to. It doesn't need to be physical. It might be something about their energy, the way they hold themselves or the way they command attention when they enter the room. Whatever it is, we find ourselves drawn to this 'type' of person. If you're lucky enough to go for the lovely person with a gentle soul 'type', then it's probably unlikely you care about the fact you have a 'type'. 'Type' awareness comes to our attention because nine out of the last ten relationships were really not that great! The reason why we wind up with the same 'type' or find ourselves in a familiar relationship dynamic dates back to our earliest relationships. As a young child, we developed defense mechanisms in order to help us cope with fear, pain or frustrating circumstances in our environment. These defenses were a key contributing factor to how we formed opinions of ourselves, others and relationships. Without realizing, we unconsciously seek out people whose behavior support these opinions and beliefs. If we have formed negative ideas about ourselves, for example "I'm unlovable" or "I'm unattractive," we seek out people who reinforce these unconscious beliefs, even if in reality we don't like it. So how do you stop yourself from falling for the usual 'type'? First, start from working out why you are attracted to your 'type'. Spend some time with yourself to try and discover your deep-seated beliefs that contributed to attracting your partners. When you invest time in exploring your early attachment patterns, you can start to identify some of the areas that lead you to develop a love for your 'type'. Next, look at your relationship history. What negative traits, patterns or similarities do all your ex-partners share? Make comparisons, but don't forget the more subtle emotional aspects. How did they treat you? How did they make you feel? Understanding what draws you to your 'type' takes some time. Rushing out to find a new, perfect partner that's the total opposite of your usual type isn't going to be the answer to your 'type' dilemma. Although this may be refreshing for a short period of time, it is unlikely to turn out to be a long-lasting relationship.

According to this passage, which of the following factors influences our date choice?

【題組共用題幹】 Do you have a "type"? Do you always find yourself with a certain type of partner? Whether we like it or not, most of us have a certain 'type' of person we usually date or are attracted to. It doesn't need to be physical. It might be something about their energy, the way they hold themselves or the way they command attention when they enter the room. Whatever it is, we find ourselves drawn to this 'type' of person. If you're lucky enough to go for the lovely person with a gentle soul 'type', then it's probably unlikely you care about the fact you have a 'type'. 'Type' awareness comes to our attention because nine out of the last ten relationships were really not that great! The reason why we wind up with the same 'type' or find ourselves in a familiar relationship dynamic dates back to our earliest relationships. As a young child, we developed defense mechanisms in order to help us cope with fear, pain or frustrating circumstances in our environment. These defenses were a key contributing factor to how we formed opinions of ourselves, others and relationships. Without realizing, we unconsciously seek out people whose behavior support these opinions and beliefs. If we have formed negative ideas about ourselves, for example "I'm unlovable" or "I'm unattractive," we seek out people who reinforce these unconscious beliefs, even if in reality we don't like it. So how do you stop yourself from falling for the usual 'type'? First, start from working out why you are attracted to your 'type'. Spend some time with yourself to try and discover your deep-seated beliefs that contributed to attracting your partners. When you invest time in exploring your early attachment patterns, you can start to identify some of the areas that lead you to develop a love for your 'type'. Next, look at your relationship history. What negative traits, patterns or similarities do all your ex-partners share? Make comparisons, but don't forget the more subtle emotional aspects. How did they treat you? How did they make you feel? Understanding what draws you to your 'type' takes some time. Rushing out to find a new, perfect partner that's the total opposite of your usual type isn't going to be the answer to your 'type' dilemma. Although this may be refreshing for a short period of time, it is unlikely to turn out to be a long-lasting relationship.

Which of the followings is NOT recommended by the author to stop ourselves from dating certain people?