112 警察特考三等 國境警察人員 中華民國憲法與警察專業英文 考古題詳解

請寫一篇關於預防酒駕的兩段式英文簡報文稿，約 200 字。在第一段中，說明酒後駕車發生的原因。在第二段中，說服公眾酒後不開車，以及說明你心目中理想的酒駕處罰方式。

關於國民教育之敘述，下列何者正確？

下列有關憲法工作權之敘述，何者正確？

依憲法、增修條文及司法院大法官解釋，關於總統機密特權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依據憲法第 137 條第 2 項規定，國防之組織，應如何規定？

依憲法增修條文及司法院大法官解釋，下列有關全民健康保險（下稱全民健保）之敘述，何者錯誤？

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非屬大學自治之保障內容？

依司法院解釋意旨，有關平等權或平等原則之司法審查，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依憲法增修條文第 2 條之規定，副總統缺位時，總統應如何處理？

依憲法及增修條文之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列有關獨立行政機關之敘述，何者錯誤？

依憲法及增修條文規定，關於立法委員，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列考試院之職權，何者僅及於法制事項？

現行法律關於行政訴訟與民事訴訟之審判，依司法院釋字第 448 號解釋，係採：

關於臺北市政府發布之建築物施工鄰損事件爭議處理規則，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依司法院釋字第 539 號解釋，下列敘述何者正確？

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，關於通訊傳播自由，下列敘述何者正確？

依憲法及司法院大法官解釋，下列有關人身自由之敘述，何者錯誤？

依司法院釋字第 577 號解釋，下列敘述何者錯誤？

下列何者並非憲法明文規定之人民義務？

依憲法增修條文第 3 條之規定，關於覆議制度之敘述，下列何者錯誤？

依憲法、增修條文及司法院大法官解釋，有關立法委員選舉及產生方式之敘述，下列何者正確？

依憲法規定，下列何種事項，得由中央立法並執行，或交由省縣執行？

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何者不構成對居住遷徙自由之限制？

依司法院大法官解釋及現行制度，關於憲法第 16 條保障之訴訟權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

國立大學不得享有下列何種基本權利？

依憲法規定及司法院大法官解釋，關於立法權與行政權之關係，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依現行憲法增修條文及司法院大法官解釋，關於監察院及監察委員之敘述，下列何者錯誤？

依憲法及司法院大法官解釋，關於公務員懲戒，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依憲法增修條文第 10 條第 7 項及第 9 項之規定，國家對於身心障礙者及退役軍人，應提供特別之保障及照顧。依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列敘述何者正確？

依憲法與增修條文規定，下列何者並無獨立行使職權之保障？

依司法院大法官解釋，有關應考試服公職權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何者不是地方自治之權限？

為有效打擊恐怖活動，國家擬授權警察於必要時，得以高科技方式下載人民儲存於其個人電腦中之私人資料，下列敘述何者正確？

依司法院大法官解釋，關於總統豁免權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

依司法院大法官解釋，有關憲法第 15 條保障之生存權、工作權及財產權，下列敘述何者正確？

依憲法增修條文規定，下列何者享有總統罷免案之提案權？

依憲法及增修條文規定，下列何者不屬於立法院之職權？

依據憲法及增修條文規定與司法院大法官解釋，關於正、副總統之選舉程序，下列敘述何者錯誤？

憲法增修條文有關立法院與總統間關係之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？

如立法者制定法律，規定僅原住民得擔任原住民族教育工作者，則對於相關規定進行違憲審查時，下列敘述何者正確？

The police got a(n) ____ call that said money was being stolen from a local bank.

Elder abuse can take on various forms, including economic exploitation, physical and emotional abuse, as well as neglect. Sadly, those who commit elder abuse or ____ of elder abuse may be family members.

The goal of airport security is to safeguard passengers, crew, and staff by ____ for forbidden items and preventing acts of terrorism, hijacking, and other criminal activities that could endanger the safety of air travel.

In that country, for sentences in excess of four years, prisoners are eligible to be released on ____ after serving one-third of their sentences.

____ is a criminal charge involving violence, so the prosecution takes it very seriously, especially if a weapon is involved or it results in injury.

To prevent identity theft, you should regularly monitor your credit reports and financial statements to detect any ____ or suspicious activity.

While driving home from a party last night, I was stopped by the police and asked to take a breathalyzer test. Since I had only consumed orange juice at the party, my breath alcohol ____ was normal.

The government is being warned about a network of criminals carrying out a sophisticated system of credit card ____.

The court ordered the convicted woman to make ____ to the family that she had done so much harm to.

The Taiwanese government has implemented new laws that prohibit the production, sale, and importation of e-cigarettes. The legal age for smoking has also been raised from 18 to 20 to curb young people's ____ addiction.

【題組共用題幹】

The Customs Administration’s canine division last year helped customs officers ____ 758kg of illegal drugs, which were valued at NT$330 million (US$11.86 million). Most of the narcotics detected by sniffer dogs were ketamine, the agency said. Taiwan has 37 detection dogs, with each dog working with one dog handler. Detection dogs are put ____ duty whenever high-risk flights arrive, and they must finish ____ the luggage in about 10 minutes, it added. With the establishment of the Maritime Express Consignments Clearance service at the Keelung Customs Office and the construction of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s Terminal 3 expected to be completed in 2026, the center said it is aiming to expand the canine division from 37 to 44 sniffer dogs by 2025. The center said that its main task in the next few years is to train more Labradors to find tobacco, narcotics or explosives ____ the Military Police Command, the National Fire Agency, the National Police Agency, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine, and other agencies. The success rate of training Labrador puppies to become detection dogs has reached more than 20 percent, as puppies born from second-generation dams tend to be stronger and healthier, it said. As the ____ of puppies is expected to double in the next three years, people living south of Taoyuan or north of Yunlin County are encouraged to become foster families of puppies, the center said, adding that companies in central Taiwan can offer facilities for puppy training.

51. Select the best answer.

【題組共用題幹】

The Customs Administration’s canine division last year helped customs officers ____ 758kg of illegal drugs, which were valued at NT$330 million (US$11.86 million). Most of the narcotics detected by sniffer dogs were ketamine, the agency said. Taiwan has 37 detection dogs, with each dog working with one dog handler. Detection dogs are put ____ duty whenever high-risk flights arrive, and they must finish ____ the luggage in about 10 minutes, it added. With the establishment of the Maritime Express Consignments Clearance service at the Keelung Customs Office and the construction of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s Terminal 3 expected to be completed in 2026, the center said it is aiming to expand the canine division from 37 to 44 sniffer dogs by 2025. The center said that its main task in the next few years is to train more Labradors to find tobacco, narcotics or explosives ____ the Military Police Command, the National Fire Agency, the National Police Agency, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine, and other agencies. The success rate of training Labrador puppies to become detection dogs has reached more than 20 percent, as puppies born from second-generation dams tend to be stronger and healthier, it said. As the ____ of puppies is expected to double in the next three years, people living south of Taoyuan or north of Yunlin County are encouraged to become foster families of puppies, the center said, adding that companies in central Taiwan can offer facilities for puppy training.

52. Select the best answer.

【題組共用題幹】

The Customs Administration’s canine division last year helped customs officers ____ 758kg of illegal drugs, which were valued at NT$330 million (US$11.86 million). Most of the narcotics detected by sniffer dogs were ketamine, the agency said. Taiwan has 37 detection dogs, with each dog working with one dog handler. Detection dogs are put ____ duty whenever high-risk flights arrive, and they must finish ____ the luggage in about 10 minutes, it added. With the establishment of the Maritime Express Consignments Clearance service at the Keelung Customs Office and the construction of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s Terminal 3 expected to be completed in 2026, the center said it is aiming to expand the canine division from 37 to 44 sniffer dogs by 2025. The center said that its main task in the next few years is to train more Labradors to find tobacco, narcotics or explosives ____ the Military Police Command, the National Fire Agency, the National Police Agency, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine, and other agencies. The success rate of training Labrador puppies to become detection dogs has reached more than 20 percent, as puppies born from second-generation dams tend to be stronger and healthier, it said. As the ____ of puppies is expected to double in the next three years, people living south of Taoyuan or north of Yunlin County are encouraged to become foster families of puppies, the center said, adding that companies in central Taiwan can offer facilities for puppy training.

53. Select the best answer.

【題組共用題幹】

The Customs Administration’s canine division last year helped customs officers ____ 758kg of illegal drugs, which were valued at NT$330 million (US$11.86 million). Most of the narcotics detected by sniffer dogs were ketamine, the agency said. Taiwan has 37 detection dogs, with each dog working with one dog handler. Detection dogs are put ____ duty whenever high-risk flights arrive, and they must finish ____ the luggage in about 10 minutes, it added. With the establishment of the Maritime Express Consignments Clearance service at the Keelung Customs Office and the construction of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s Terminal 3 expected to be completed in 2026, the center said it is aiming to expand the canine division from 37 to 44 sniffer dogs by 2025. The center said that its main task in the next few years is to train more Labradors to find tobacco, narcotics or explosives ____ the Military Police Command, the National Fire Agency, the National Police Agency, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine, and other agencies. The success rate of training Labrador puppies to become detection dogs has reached more than 20 percent, as puppies born from second-generation dams tend to be stronger and healthier, it said. As the ____ of puppies is expected to double in the next three years, people living south of Taoyuan or north of Yunlin County are encouraged to become foster families of puppies, the center said, adding that companies in central Taiwan can offer facilities for puppy training.

54. Select the best answer.

【題組共用題幹】

The Customs Administration’s canine division last year helped customs officers ____ 758kg of illegal drugs, which were valued at NT$330 million (US$11.86 million). Most of the narcotics detected by sniffer dogs were ketamine, the agency said. Taiwan has 37 detection dogs, with each dog working with one dog handler. Detection dogs are put ____ duty whenever high-risk flights arrive, and they must finish ____ the luggage in about 10 minutes, it added. With the establishment of the Maritime Express Consignments Clearance service at the Keelung Customs Office and the construction of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport’s Terminal 3 expected to be completed in 2026, the center said it is aiming to expand the canine division from 37 to 44 sniffer dogs by 2025. The center said that its main task in the next few years is to train more Labradors to find tobacco, narcotics or explosives ____ the Military Police Command, the National Fire Agency, the National Police Agency, the Bureau of Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine, and other agencies. The success rate of training Labrador puppies to become detection dogs has reached more than 20 percent, as puppies born from second-generation dams tend to be stronger and healthier, it said. As the ____ of puppies is expected to double in the next three years, people living south of Taoyuan or north of Yunlin County are encouraged to become foster families of puppies, the center said, adding that companies in central Taiwan can offer facilities for puppy training.

55. Select the best answer.

【題組共用題幹】

With so many people crossing borders every day, how do we know we’re not letting dangerous people into our countries? One response is biometric identification technology. It has been developed to recognize individuals and to identify criminals. In fact, biometric identification is not a new invention. Law enforcement agencies have been using photographs and fingerprints as biometric identifiers since the late 19th century. Today, biometric identification technology, including both physiological and behavioral biometrics, has become increasingly prevalent as a means of enhancing security and protecting individuals' interests.

Physiological biometrics, such as fingerprints and facial features, use human morphology to identify or recognize individuals. Besides fingerprint scanners, there are software programs that identify faces, palms, and irises. Scanning these physical features ensures that the person being scanned is who he or she claims to be. Unlike personal identification numbers, which are used to access bank accounts, biometric identifiers are extremely difficult, if not impossible, for criminals to steal.

Behavioral biometrics can also be used to identify people. Certain behaviors are unique to individuals, such as their speech or the way they type. The classic behavioral biometric marker is a person's signature, but it can be problematic as it can be copied. However, people do automatically recognize subtleties in the way a person speaks, such as intonation and regional accents. Typing patterns, likewise, would be very difficult to observe and mimic convincingly.

Biometrics can have two potential applications: identification and identity verification. Identification uses biometric information to discover the identity of an unknown person. DNA evidence has joined fingerprints as a common tool of law enforcement for this purpose. Today, we use passports to verify our identity when crossing borders, but passports can be stolen or forged. An effective biometric identification system would be difficult to fool. Because of this, many countries are considering biometric additions to or replacements of existing identification system. India, for instance, has already implemented such a system, which utilizes fingerprint and iris scans, in addition to photographs.

While biometric identification technology shows promise in various applications, there are ethical concerns surrounding the development of biometric identification technology. Critics worry about the possibility of criminal uses of the technology, as legitimate organizations can use biometric scanners to verify personal information. And civil liberties advocates are concerned about the potential for abuse by authorities. Therefore, policymakers will need to balance security and law enforcement against personal freedom and privacy. Ethical considerations must be taken into account when developing biometric identification technology.

56. What is the main idea of this passage?

【題組共用題幹】

With so many people crossing borders every day, how do we know we’re not letting dangerous people into our countries? One response is biometric identification technology. It has been developed to recognize individuals and to identify criminals. In fact, biometric identification is not a new invention. Law enforcement agencies have been using photographs and fingerprints as biometric identifiers since the late 19th century. Today, biometric identification technology, including both physiological and behavioral biometrics, has become increasingly prevalent as a means of enhancing security and protecting individuals' interests.

Physiological biometrics, such as fingerprints and facial features, use human morphology to identify or recognize individuals. Besides fingerprint scanners, there are software programs that identify faces, palms, and irises. Scanning these physical features ensures that the person being scanned is who he or she claims to be. Unlike personal identification numbers, which are used to access bank accounts, biometric identifiers are extremely difficult, if not impossible, for criminals to steal.

Behavioral biometrics can also be used to identify people. Certain behaviors are unique to individuals, such as their speech or the way they type. The classic behavioral biometric marker is a person's signature, but it can be problematic as it can be copied. However, people do automatically recognize subtleties in the way a person speaks, such as intonation and regional accents. Typing patterns, likewise, would be very difficult to observe and mimic convincingly.

Biometrics can have two potential applications: identification and identity verification. Identification uses biometric information to discover the identity of an unknown person. DNA evidence has joined fingerprints as a common tool of law enforcement for this purpose. Today, we use passports to verify our identity when crossing borders, but passports can be stolen or forged. An effective biometric identification system would be difficult to fool. Because of this, many countries are considering biometric additions to or replacements of existing identification system. India, for instance, has already implemented such a system, which utilizes fingerprint and iris scans, in addition to photographs.

While biometric identification technology shows promise in various applications, there are ethical concerns surrounding the development of biometric identification technology. Critics worry about the possibility of criminal uses of the technology, as legitimate organizations can use biometric scanners to verify personal information. And civil liberties advocates are concerned about the potential for abuse by authorities. Therefore, policymakers will need to balance security and law enforcement against personal freedom and privacy. Ethical considerations must be taken into account when developing biometric identification technology.

57. According to the passage, which of the following can be scanned as a physiological biometric identifier?

【題組共用題幹】

With so many people crossing borders every day, how do we know we’re not letting dangerous people into our countries? One response is biometric identification technology. It has been developed to recognize individuals and to identify criminals. In fact, biometric identification is not a new invention. Law enforcement agencies have been using photographs and fingerprints as biometric identifiers since the late 19th century. Today, biometric identification technology, including both physiological and behavioral biometrics, has become increasingly prevalent as a means of enhancing security and protecting individuals' interests.

Physiological biometrics, such as fingerprints and facial features, use human morphology to identify or recognize individuals. Besides fingerprint scanners, there are software programs that identify faces, palms, and irises. Scanning these physical features ensures that the person being scanned is who he or she claims to be. Unlike personal identification numbers, which are used to access bank accounts, biometric identifiers are extremely difficult, if not impossible, for criminals to steal.

Behavioral biometrics can also be used to identify people. Certain behaviors are unique to individuals, such as their speech or the way they type. The classic behavioral biometric marker is a person's signature, but it can be problematic as it can be copied. However, people do automatically recognize subtleties in the way a person speaks, such as intonation and regional accents. Typing patterns, likewise, would be very difficult to observe and mimic convincingly.

Biometrics can have two potential applications: identification and identity verification. Identification uses biometric information to discover the identity of an unknown person. DNA evidence has joined fingerprints as a common tool of law enforcement for this purpose. Today, we use passports to verify our identity when crossing borders, but passports can be stolen or forged. An effective biometric identification system would be difficult to fool. Because of this, many countries are considering biometric additions to or replacements of existing identification system. India, for instance, has already implemented such a system, which utilizes fingerprint and iris scans, in addition to photographs.

While biometric identification technology shows promise in various applications, there are ethical concerns surrounding the development of biometric identification technology. Critics worry about the possibility of criminal uses of the technology, as legitimate organizations can use biometric scanners to verify personal information. And civil liberties advocates are concerned about the potential for abuse by authorities. Therefore, policymakers will need to balance security and law enforcement against personal freedom and privacy. Ethical considerations must be taken into account when developing biometric identification technology.

58. According to the passage, what is a traditional behavioral biometric marker?

【題組共用題幹】

With so many people crossing borders every day, how do we know we’re not letting dangerous people into our countries? One response is biometric identification technology. It has been developed to recognize individuals and to identify criminals. In fact, biometric identification is not a new invention. Law enforcement agencies have been using photographs and fingerprints as biometric identifiers since the late 19th century. Today, biometric identification technology, including both physiological and behavioral biometrics, has become increasingly prevalent as a means of enhancing security and protecting individuals' interests.

Physiological biometrics, such as fingerprints and facial features, use human morphology to identify or recognize individuals. Besides fingerprint scanners, there are software programs that identify faces, palms, and irises. Scanning these physical features ensures that the person being scanned is who he or she claims to be. Unlike personal identification numbers, which are used to access bank accounts, biometric identifiers are extremely difficult, if not impossible, for criminals to steal.

Behavioral biometrics can also be used to identify people. Certain behaviors are unique to individuals, such as their speech or the way they type. The classic behavioral biometric marker is a person's signature, but it can be problematic as it can be copied. However, people do automatically recognize subtleties in the way a person speaks, such as intonation and regional accents. Typing patterns, likewise, would be very difficult to observe and mimic convincingly.

Biometrics can have two potential applications: identification and identity verification. Identification uses biometric information to discover the identity of an unknown person. DNA evidence has joined fingerprints as a common tool of law enforcement for this purpose. Today, we use passports to verify our identity when crossing borders, but passports can be stolen or forged. An effective biometric identification system would be difficult to fool. Because of this, many countries are considering biometric additions to or replacements of existing identification system. India, for instance, has already implemented such a system, which utilizes fingerprint and iris scans, in addition to photographs.

While biometric identification technology shows promise in various applications, there are ethical concerns surrounding the development of biometric identification technology. Critics worry about the possibility of criminal uses of the technology, as legitimate organizations can use biometric scanners to verify personal information. And civil liberties advocates are concerned about the potential for abuse by authorities. Therefore, policymakers will need to balance security and law enforcement against personal freedom and privacy. Ethical considerations must be taken into account when developing biometric identification technology.

59. What does the word “forged” mean?

【題組共用題幹】

With so many people crossing borders every day, how do we know we’re not letting dangerous people into our countries? One response is biometric identification technology. It has been developed to recognize individuals and to identify criminals. In fact, biometric identification is not a new invention. Law enforcement agencies have been using photographs and fingerprints as biometric identifiers since the late 19th century. Today, biometric identification technology, including both physiological and behavioral biometrics, has become increasingly prevalent as a means of enhancing security and protecting individuals' interests.

Physiological biometrics, such as fingerprints and facial features, use human morphology to identify or recognize individuals. Besides fingerprint scanners, there are software programs that identify faces, palms, and irises. Scanning these physical features ensures that the person being scanned is who he or she claims to be. Unlike personal identification numbers, which are used to access bank accounts, biometric identifiers are extremely difficult, if not impossible, for criminals to steal.

Behavioral biometrics can also be used to identify people. Certain behaviors are unique to individuals, such as their speech or the way they type. The classic behavioral biometric marker is a person's signature, but it can be problematic as it can be copied. However, people do automatically recognize subtleties in the way a person speaks, such as intonation and regional accents. Typing patterns, likewise, would be very difficult to observe and mimic convincingly.

Biometrics can have two potential applications: identification and identity verification. Identification uses biometric information to discover the identity of an unknown person. DNA evidence has joined fingerprints as a common tool of law enforcement for this purpose. Today, we use passports to verify our identity when crossing borders, but passports can be stolen or forged. An effective biometric identification system would be difficult to fool. Because of this, many countries are considering biometric additions to or replacements of existing identification system. India, for instance, has already implemented such a system, which utilizes fingerprint and iris scans, in addition to photographs.

While biometric identification technology shows promise in various applications, there are ethical concerns surrounding the development of biometric identification technology. Critics worry about the possibility of criminal uses of the technology, as legitimate organizations can use biometric scanners to verify personal information. And civil liberties advocates are concerned about the potential for abuse by authorities. Therefore, policymakers will need to balance security and law enforcement against personal freedom and privacy. Ethical considerations must be taken into account when developing biometric identification technology.

60. Which ethical concern about biometric identification technology is NOT mentioned in the passage?