113 專技高考高等考試 民間之公證人 英文 考古題詳解

113 年・專技高考・高等考試・民間之公證人
試題代碼 英文

第 一 題30 分

請將下列英文翻譯為中文:

Legal education plays a crucial role in our democratic society based on the rule of law. A full and rich legal education ensures the quality of legal professionals. In Taiwan, since the beginning of this century, we have seen significant improvements in law teaching and learning, as well as the national examinations for different legal professionals. Nevertheless, the world is changing fast and technology is growing exponentially, it is important that law schools and teachers must adapt to the new environment. The use of advanced technology, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), to assist teaching is unavoidable. Law teachers should, through on-the-job training, understand the inner workings of AI in order to maximize its benefits.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是英譯中,重點在掌握法律教育相關詞彙、長句的句構,以及前後語意的銜接。文章依序說明法律教育的重要性、臺灣法律教育的進展,以及法學教育因應科技發展的必要性。

解題方法

先按語意將原文分為四層,再逐句翻譯:

  1. 法律教育的重要性 Legal education plays a crucial role in our democratic society based on the rule of law. plays a crucial role 是「扮演關鍵角色」;the rule of law 是「法治」。全句可譯為:「法律教育在以法治為基礎的民主社會中扮演關鍵角色。」

  2. 法律教育與法律專業品質 A full and rich legal education ensures the quality of legal professionals. full and rich 在此指內容完整、豐富;ensures 是「確保」;legal professionals 指「法律專業人員」。可譯為:「完整而充實的法律教育,能確保法律專業人員的素質。」

  3. 臺灣法律教育的進展 In Taiwan, since the beginning of this century, we have seen significant improvements in law teaching and learning, as well as the national examinations for different legal professionals. since the beginning of this century 是「自本世紀初以來」;significant improvements 是「顯著進步」;as well as 表示「以及」。

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第 二 題30 分

請將以下中文翻譯為英文:

所謂定型化契約,係指以一方當事人預先擬定之條款為內容而訂立之契約。其特色在於,他方必須接受該條款,而無商量餘地。根據消費者保護法第 11 條至第 17 條之 1、金融消費者保護法第 7 條及民法第 247 條之 1,定型化契約應符合公平合理、平等互惠及誠實信用,始為有效。

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題考查「定型化契約」的英文翻譯,重點是把法律定義、契約一方預擬條款、他方欠缺磋商空間,以及契約有效要件,分別譯成清楚、符合英文法律語體的句子。

以命題當年(民國 113 年)法規為準,題幹提及消費者保護法第 11 條至第 17 條之 1、金融消費者保護法第 7 條及民法第 247 條之 1,並以公平合理、平等互惠及誠實信用作為定型化契約的要求。

解題方法

先將中文拆成三個語意單位,再依英文常見句型組合:

  1. 定義:「所謂……係指……」可用 A standard-form contract refers to...。
  2. 特徵:「一方預先擬定條款」可譯為 terms drafted in advance by one party;「他方必須接受,無商量餘地」可用 the other party must accept ... without any opportunity to negotiate。
  3. 法規及有效要件:以 Under ... 引出法源,再用 must comply with ... in order to be valid 表達「應符合……始為有效」。

參考譯文

A standard-form contract refers to a contract formed on the basis of terms drafted in advance by one party. Its distinguishing feature is that the other party must accept those terms without any opportunity to negotiate. Under Articles 11 through 17-1 of the Consumer Protection Act, Article 7 of the Financial Consumer Protection Act, and Article 247-1 of the Civil Code, a standard-form contract must comply with the requirements of fairness and reasonableness, equality and reciprocity, and good faith in order to be valid.

用語解析

  • standard-form contract:定型化契約的常見譯法。全文沿用同一用語,可避免稱呼不一致。
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第 三 題40 分

英文作文:

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a lease notarized? Please elucidate.

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這一題的完整詳解

核心觀念

本題是英文議論文,要求說明租約經公證的優點與缺點,並加以闡述。作答要同時涵蓋正反兩面,最後提出平衡的結論。可用「主題句—優點—缺點—結論」安排全文。

法律內容以命題當年(民國 113 年)法規為準。依《公證法》第 13 條,租賃契約經公證,且公證書載明當事人願逕受強制執行時,租金、違約金、租期屆滿後返還租賃物,以及出租人返還押租金等特定義務,得依法聲請強制執行。公證並非租約成立或生效的一般必要條件;公證的主要實益,是在法定範圍內提供較直接的執行途徑。

解題方法

先把題目的兩個關鍵詞拆開:

  • advantages:從出租人與承租人雙方思考,例如權利義務更明確、降低爭議,以及符合條件時可憑公證書聲請強制執行。
  • disadvantages:說明辦理會增加費用與時間,也要提醒強制執行效力有範圍限制,並非所有租約爭議都能直接執行。
  • elucidate:不只列出優缺點,還須解釋原因或舉例。作文可用 For example、However、Therefore 等連接語,讓論述完整。

寫作時要避免把「租約經公證」說成「所有爭議都可免打官司」。較精確的說法是:只有公證書載明願逕受強制執行,且義務屬於法律容許的範圍,才能依規定聲請執行;其他爭議仍可能需要訴訟處理。

參考作文

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Having a Lease Notarized

Having a lease notarized can offer important protection to both landlords and tenants. A notary checks the parties’ identities and records their agreement in an official document. This can make the terms of the lease clearer and reduce misunderstandings about matters such as rent, the lease period, and the return of the security deposit.

One major advantage is that a notarized lease may make enforcement more efficient. If the lease contains a valid agreement to accept compulsory enforcement, a party may apply for enforcement in certain situations, such as unpaid rent, failure to return the property after the lease ends, or failure to return the

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