108 外交特考三等 外交領事人員英文組 外國文(含新聞書信撰寫與編譯)(英文) 考古題詳解

中翻英：

狼和羊都在河邊喝水，狼責備羊把牠要喝的河水攪渾了。羊說：「你在上游喝水，我在下游喝水，我不可能把你喝的水攪渾。」狼改口說：「你去年份冒了我的簽名。」羊說：「那個時候我還沒有出生。」狼對羊說：「不論你多會狡辯，我還是要吃了你。」

這個寓言說明弱國無外交，國家的實力是外交工作必要的後盾。

英翻中：

Diplomacy has been utilized for centuries and continues to be the main way for states to conduct their international affairs. Towards preventing violent conflict, states can use diplomacy to undertake mediation, facilitation, fact-finding, consultations, and monitoring, among other initiatives. Due to the growing cost of conflict in the 21st century, governments appear to be becoming less inclined to respond with large-scale military interventions, thereby in principle at least increasing the space for preventive diplomacy.

英文作文：

Read the following statement by Joseph S. Nye Jr.:

“Soft power is the ability to affect others to obtain the outcomes one wants through attraction rather than coercion or payment. A country’s soft power rests on its resources of culture, values, and policies. A smart power strategy combines hard and soft power resources.”

Then write a well-organized essay of about 350 words to comment on Nye’s saying.

You are encouraged to give examples to discuss how Taiwan’s soft power can play a part in the international arena of world politics and diplomacy.

Acupuncture is used to treat a variety of ____ such as anxiety, depression, back pain, high blood pressure, stress, and arthritis.

Many people feel disgusted at the full ____ of the crimes in the newspaper.

Many writers, artists, and other people who create the stories of superheroes believe that these characters ____ our deepest hopes and fears.

Being bothered for months by phone calls and text messages from her boss on weekends, Wendy finally decided to speak ____ concerning the issue of contacting staff after work.

After many years of ____, the company went bankrupt last month.

Australian and U.S. airports are implementing new ____ on carry-on luggage. All powders in your hand luggage must be presented to security guards for inspection if you are flying internationally.

Professor Johnson’s talk was really ____. I have started to develop a new model based on his theory.

【題組共用題幹】

Bottle gourds had already conquered much of the globe before 1492. Yet how they got to the Americas remained unknown. Researchers discovered via DNA analysis their pre-Columbian samples were more closely linked to African relatives than to Asian ones. Furthermore, a computer model of Atlantic Ocean currents confirmed that a bottle gourd traveling from West Africa could make it to North or South America in nine months. Yet one mystery remains: why wild bottle gourds disappeared in the Americas? Perhaps some animals that might have spread the seeds went extinct, so did wild bottle gourds.

Which statement about the bottle gourds is TRUE?

【題組共用題幹】

Bottle gourds had already conquered much of the globe before 1492. Yet how they got to the Americas remained unknown. Researchers discovered via DNA analysis their pre-Columbian samples were more closely linked to African relatives than to Asian ones. Furthermore, a computer model of Atlantic Ocean currents confirmed that a bottle gourd traveling from West Africa could make it to North or South America in nine months. Yet one mystery remains: why wild bottle gourds disappeared in the Americas? Perhaps some animals that might have spread the seeds went extinct, so did wild bottle gourds.

How did researchers confirm the origins of the American bottle gourds?

【題組共用題幹】

Bottle gourds had already conquered much of the globe before 1492. Yet how they got to the Americas remained unknown. Researchers discovered via DNA analysis their pre-Columbian samples were more closely linked to African relatives than to Asian ones. Furthermore, a computer model of Atlantic Ocean currents confirmed that a bottle gourd traveling from West Africa could make it to North or South America in nine months. Yet one mystery remains: why wild bottle gourds disappeared in the Americas? Perhaps some animals that might have spread the seeds went extinct, so did wild bottle gourds.

What is yet unknown about the bottle gourds?

【題組共用題幹】

Bottle gourds had already conquered much of the globe before 1492. Yet how they got to the Americas remained unknown. Researchers discovered via DNA analysis their pre-Columbian samples were more closely linked to African relatives than to Asian ones. Furthermore, a computer model of Atlantic Ocean currents confirmed that a bottle gourd traveling from West Africa could make it to North or South America in nine months. Yet one mystery remains: why wild bottle gourds disappeared in the Americas? Perhaps some animals that might have spread the seeds went extinct, so did wild bottle gourds.

How did scientists explain the extinction of the bottle gourds?

【題組共用題幹】

If you have been on a roller coaster, you’ll remember the adrenaline rushing through your veins as you dashed down the track at lightening speed. ____. But, these fairground favorites actually have a long, colorful history that can be traced back to 15th century Russia.

In some languages, the word “roller coaster” translates as “Russian mountain.” That’s because the first roller coasters were mountains. ____ Guides would take rides up as high as 24 meters, and then slide down with them on small sleds. By the 18th century, St. Petersburg had caught on to the trend. Around the city, the ice slides were lined with colorful lanterns, enabling rides to be taken at night. Next, the pastime arrived in France, where the roller coaster was adapted to consist of wheeled carriages that traveled over metal tracks laid on steep wood slopes.

____ In 1895, the first vertical loop was incorporated into “The Flip Flap” in Brooklyn. One prominent omission, though, was seatbelts. The first Golden Age of roller coasters, having spread to many countries, came to an end with the Great Depression. ____ Built to the hair-raising dimensions we are familiar with today, it gave rise to a second generation of gravity-defying amusement rides.

Today, New Jersey’s “Kingda Ka” is the tallest, fastest roller coaster on the planet; it accelerates to 128 mph in just 3.5 seconds! So, don’t go off the tracks: buckle up, and get ready to scream!

【題組共用題幹】

If you have been on a roller coaster, you’ll remember the adrenaline rushing through your veins as you dashed down the track at lightening speed. ____. But, these fairground favorites actually have a long, colorful history that can be traced back to 15th century Russia.

In some languages, the word “roller coaster” translates as “Russian mountain.” That’s because the first roller coasters were mountains. ____ Guides would take rides up as high as 24 meters, and then slide down with them on small sleds. By the 18th century, St. Petersburg had caught on to the trend. Around the city, the ice slides were lined with colorful lanterns, enabling rides to be taken at night. Next, the pastime arrived in France, where the roller coaster was adapted to consist of wheeled carriages that traveled over metal tracks laid on steep wood slopes.

____ In 1895, the first vertical loop was incorporated into “The Flip Flap” in Brooklyn. One prominent omission, though, was seatbelts. The first Golden Age of roller coasters, having spread to many countries, came to an end with the Great Depression. ____ Built to the hair-raising dimensions we are familiar with today, it gave rise to a second generation of gravity-defying amusement rides.

Today, New Jersey’s “Kingda Ka” is the tallest, fastest roller coaster on the planet; it accelerates to 128 mph in just 3.5 seconds! So, don’t go off the tracks: buckle up, and get ready to scream!

【題組共用題幹】

If you have been on a roller coaster, you’ll remember the adrenaline rushing through your veins as you dashed down the track at lightening speed. ____. But, these fairground favorites actually have a long, colorful history that can be traced back to 15th century Russia.

In some languages, the word “roller coaster” translates as “Russian mountain.” That’s because the first roller coasters were mountains. ____ Guides would take rides up as high as 24 meters, and then slide down with them on small sleds. By the 18th century, St. Petersburg had caught on to the trend. Around the city, the ice slides were lined with colorful lanterns, enabling rides to be taken at night. Next, the pastime arrived in France, where the roller coaster was adapted to consist of wheeled carriages that traveled over metal tracks laid on steep wood slopes.

____ In 1895, the first vertical loop was incorporated into “The Flip Flap” in Brooklyn. One prominent omission, though, was seatbelts. The first Golden Age of roller coasters, having spread to many countries, came to an end with the Great Depression. ____ Built to the hair-raising dimensions we are familiar with today, it gave rise to a second generation of gravity-defying amusement rides.

Today, New Jersey’s “Kingda Ka” is the tallest, fastest roller coaster on the planet; it accelerates to 128 mph in just 3.5 seconds! So, don’t go off the tracks: buckle up, and get ready to scream!

【題組共用題幹】

If you have been on a roller coaster, you’ll remember the adrenaline rushing through your veins as you dashed down the track at lightening speed. ____. But, these fairground favorites actually have a long, colorful history that can be traced back to 15th century Russia.

In some languages, the word “roller coaster” translates as “Russian mountain.” That’s because the first roller coasters were mountains. ____ Guides would take rides up as high as 24 meters, and then slide down with them on small sleds. By the 18th century, St. Petersburg had caught on to the trend. Around the city, the ice slides were lined with colorful lanterns, enabling rides to be taken at night. Next, the pastime arrived in France, where the roller coaster was adapted to consist of wheeled carriages that traveled over metal tracks laid on steep wood slopes.

____ In 1895, the first vertical loop was incorporated into “The Flip Flap” in Brooklyn. One prominent omission, though, was seatbelts. The first Golden Age of roller coasters, having spread to many countries, came to an end with the Great Depression. ____ Built to the hair-raising dimensions we are familiar with today, it gave rise to a second generation of gravity-defying amusement rides.

Today, New Jersey’s “Kingda Ka” is the tallest, fastest roller coaster on the planet; it accelerates to 128 mph in just 3.5 seconds! So, don’t go off the tracks: buckle up, and get ready to scream!

【題組共用題幹】

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic, and severe brain disorder that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. Nowadays it affects approximately 1% of all adults globally. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek word schizien meaning “to split” and the Greek word phren meaning “heart, mind.” The Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939), coined the term Schizophrenie in 1908.

However, schizophrenia does not imply a “split personality” or “multiple personality disorder”—a condition with which it has been confused in public perception. Experts say schizophrenia is probably many illnesses masquerading as one. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely to be the result of faulty neuronal development in the brain of the fetus, which later in life emerges as a full-blown illness. As of today there is no physical or laboratory test that can absolutely diagnose schizophrenia. Clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on a person’s observed behavior and self-reported experiences.

Symptoms of schizophrenia typically come on gradually, beginning in young adulthood and lasting a long time, and they may vary, depending on the individual. Some may hear voices that are not there. Some may be convinced that others are reading their minds, controlling how they think, or plotting against them. This can distress patients severely and persistently, making them demotivated, withdrawn, and frantic. Others may find it hard to make sense of what the patients are talking about. In some cases, they may spend hours completely still, without talking. On other occasions they may seem fine, until they start explaining what they are truly thinking.

The effects of schizophrenia reach far beyond the patient. Families, friends, and society are affected too. A sizable proportion of people with schizophrenia have to rely on others, for they are unable to hold a job or care for themselves.

Which of the following titles best expresses the main idea of the passage?

【題組共用題幹】

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic, and severe brain disorder that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. Nowadays it affects approximately 1% of all adults globally. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek word schizien meaning “to split” and the Greek word phren meaning “heart, mind.” The Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939), coined the term Schizophrenie in 1908.

However, schizophrenia does not imply a “split personality” or “multiple personality disorder”—a condition with which it has been confused in public perception. Experts say schizophrenia is probably many illnesses masquerading as one. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely to be the result of faulty neuronal development in the brain of the fetus, which later in life emerges as a full-blown illness. As of today there is no physical or laboratory test that can absolutely diagnose schizophrenia. Clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on a person’s observed behavior and self-reported experiences.

Symptoms of schizophrenia typically come on gradually, beginning in young adulthood and lasting a long time, and they may vary, depending on the individual. Some may hear voices that are not there. Some may be convinced that others are reading their minds, controlling how they think, or plotting against them. This can distress patients severely and persistently, making them demotivated, withdrawn, and frantic. Others may find it hard to make sense of what the patients are talking about. In some cases, they may spend hours completely still, without talking. On other occasions they may seem fine, until they start explaining what they are truly thinking.

The effects of schizophrenia reach far beyond the patient. Families, friends, and society are affected too. A sizable proportion of people with schizophrenia have to rely on others, for they are unable to hold a job or care for themselves.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE about schizophrenia?

【題組共用題幹】

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic, and severe brain disorder that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. Nowadays it affects approximately 1% of all adults globally. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek word schizien meaning “to split” and the Greek word phren meaning “heart, mind.” The Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939), coined the term Schizophrenie in 1908.

However, schizophrenia does not imply a “split personality” or “multiple personality disorder”—a condition with which it has been confused in public perception. Experts say schizophrenia is probably many illnesses masquerading as one. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely to be the result of faulty neuronal development in the brain of the fetus, which later in life emerges as a full-blown illness. As of today there is no physical or laboratory test that can absolutely diagnose schizophrenia. Clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on a person’s observed behavior and self-reported experiences.

Symptoms of schizophrenia typically come on gradually, beginning in young adulthood and lasting a long time, and they may vary, depending on the individual. Some may hear voices that are not there. Some may be convinced that others are reading their minds, controlling how they think, or plotting against them. This can distress patients severely and persistently, making them demotivated, withdrawn, and frantic. Others may find it hard to make sense of what the patients are talking about. In some cases, they may spend hours completely still, without talking. On other occasions they may seem fine, until they start explaining what they are truly thinking.

The effects of schizophrenia reach far beyond the patient. Families, friends, and society are affected too. A sizable proportion of people with schizophrenia have to rely on others, for they are unable to hold a job or care for themselves.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a symptom of schizophrenia?

【題組共用題幹】

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic, and severe brain disorder that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. Nowadays it affects approximately 1% of all adults globally. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek word schizien meaning “to split” and the Greek word phren meaning “heart, mind.” The Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939), coined the term Schizophrenie in 1908.

However, schizophrenia does not imply a “split personality” or “multiple personality disorder”—a condition with which it has been confused in public perception. Experts say schizophrenia is probably many illnesses masquerading as one. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely to be the result of faulty neuronal development in the brain of the fetus, which later in life emerges as a full-blown illness. As of today there is no physical or laboratory test that can absolutely diagnose schizophrenia. Clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on a person’s observed behavior and self-reported experiences.

Symptoms of schizophrenia typically come on gradually, beginning in young adulthood and lasting a long time, and they may vary, depending on the individual. Some may hear voices that are not there. Some may be convinced that others are reading their minds, controlling how they think, or plotting against them. This can distress patients severely and persistently, making them demotivated, withdrawn, and frantic. Others may find it hard to make sense of what the patients are talking about. In some cases, they may spend hours completely still, without talking. On other occasions they may seem fine, until they start explaining what they are truly thinking.

The effects of schizophrenia reach far beyond the patient. Families, friends, and society are affected too. A sizable proportion of people with schizophrenia have to rely on others, for they are unable to hold a job or care for themselves.

What does masquerading mean in the second paragraph?

【題組共用題幹】

Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic, and severe brain disorder that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, and relate to others. Nowadays it affects approximately 1% of all adults globally. The word schizophrenia comes from the Greek word schizien meaning “to split” and the Greek word phren meaning “heart, mind.” The Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939), coined the term Schizophrenie in 1908.

However, schizophrenia does not imply a “split personality” or “multiple personality disorder”—a condition with which it has been confused in public perception. Experts say schizophrenia is probably many illnesses masquerading as one. Research indicates that schizophrenia is likely to be the result of faulty neuronal development in the brain of the fetus, which later in life emerges as a full-blown illness. As of today there is no physical or laboratory test that can absolutely diagnose schizophrenia. Clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on a person’s observed behavior and self-reported experiences.

Symptoms of schizophrenia typically come on gradually, beginning in young adulthood and lasting a long time, and they may vary, depending on the individual. Some may hear voices that are not there. Some may be convinced that others are reading their minds, controlling how they think, or plotting against them. This can distress patients severely and persistently, making them demotivated, withdrawn, and frantic. Others may find it hard to make sense of what the patients are talking about. In some cases, they may spend hours completely still, without talking. On other occasions they may seem fine, until they start explaining what they are truly thinking.

The effects of schizophrenia reach far beyond the patient. Families, friends, and society are affected too. A sizable proportion of people with schizophrenia have to rely on others, for they are unable to hold a job or care for themselves.

According to the passage, which of the following do we most likely hear from a schizophrenic patient?